Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, Metainflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Cardiovascular Diseases: Unraveling Pathways

Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 519 - 519

Published: July 12, 2024

Glycolipid metabolic disorders (GLMDs) are various resulting from dysregulation in glycolipid levels, consequently leading to an increased risk of obesity, diabetes, liver dysfunction, neuromuscular complications, and cardiorenal vascular diseases (CRVDs). In patients with GLMDs, excess caloric intake a lack physical activity may contribute oxidative stress (OxS) systemic inflammation. This study aimed review the connection between GLMD, OxS, metainflammation, onset CRVD. GLMD is due causing dysfunction synthesis, breakdown, absorption glucose lipids body, excessive ectopic accumulation these molecules. mainly neuroendocrine dysregulation, insulin resistance, metainflammation. many inflammatory markers defense cells play vital role related tissues organs, such as blood vessels, pancreatic islets, liver, muscle, kidneys, adipocytes, promoting lesions that affect interconnected organs through their signaling pathways. Advanced glycation end products, ATP-binding cassette transporter 1, Glucagon-like peptide-1, Toll-like receptor-4, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) crucial since they glucolipid metabolism. The consequences this system organ damage morbidity mortality.

Language: Английский

---

Translating physiology of the arterial chemoreflex into novel therapeutic interventions targeting carotid bodies in cardiometabolic disorders

The Journal of Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 5, 2025

This review resulted from a conference on the pathological role of arterial chemoreflex and carotid bodies in cardiometabolic diseases held at 27th Congress Polish Cardiac Society September 2023 Poznan, Poland. It reflects contribution researchers their international collaborations, which have been fundamental development field. Aberrant activity leads to both high tonicity increased sensitivity with resultant sympathoexcitation chronic heart failure, resistant hypertension obstructive sleep apnoea. observation has led several successful attempts removing or denervating as therapeutic option humans. Regrettably, such interventions are accompanied by serious respiratory acid-base balance side-effects. Rather than single stereotyped reaction, comprises an integrative multi-system response variety stimulants its specific reflex components may be individually conveyed varying intensities. Recent research revealed that express diverse receptors, synthesize cocktail mediators, respond plethora metabolic, hormonal autonomic nervous stimuli. state-of-the-art summary discusses exciting new discoveries regarding GLP-1 purinergic glutamate-GABA system, efferent innervation regulation blood flow body how they open avenues for novel pharmacological treatments selectively targeting mediators neural pathways correct distinct responses body-evoked diseases. The offers advantageous opportunities future consideration trialists.

Language: Английский

---

Neuroimmune cross-talk in heart failure

Cardiovascular Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 5, 2024

Abstract Heart failure (HF) is characterized by autonomic nervous system (ANS) imbalance and low-grade chronic inflammation. The bidirectional relationship between the ANS immune (IS) named ‘neuroimmune cross-talk’ (NICT) based on common signaling molecules, receptors, pathways. NICT may be altered in HF, neuroinflammation seems to a main driver of HF progression. In heightened sympathetic nerve activity triggers inflammatory cascades that lead cardiomyocyte death myocardial interstitial fibrosis. Concurrently, parasympathetic withdrawal impair cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, with less effective response infections or events. Additionally, microglial activation molecules contribute acting central nuclei peripheral visceral feedbacks, which turn promote adverse cardiac remodeling, decompensation, potentially life-threatening arrhythmias. Therefore, has been identified as potential target for treatment. Pharmacological antagonism neurohormonal remains cornerstone therapy. While some drugs used management have additional benefits due their properties, clinical trials targeting inflammation patients so far produced inconclusive results. Nevertheless, considering pathophysiological relevance NICT, its modulation an appealing strategy optimize management. Current research therefore investigating novel pharmacological targets drugs, immunomodulatory properties denervation approaches bioelectronic medicine devices HF. A deeper understanding complex IS, outlined this review, could facilitate design future studies aimed at improving outcomes

Language: Английский

---

Beat-to-beat analysis of hemodynamic response to mental and psychological stress in sickle cell anemia

Journal of sickle cell disease., Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Objectives Vaso-occlusive crises are a hallmark symptom of SCD. Physical stressors can trigger decreased microvascular blood flow and increase the risk for vaso-occlusive crises. However, effect mental psychological on vascular physiology in SCD is not well-established. We hereby examined fluctuations continuous pressure to evaluate hemodynamic changes patients during stress. Methods Thirteen subjects from Children’s Hospital Los Angeles 11 healthy volunteers were recruited. Continuous was recorded 2 tasks 1 stress task. Systolic beat-to-beat variability measurements calculated each subject. Three very short-term metrics served as outcome measures: SD, coefficient variation, average real variability. Peripheral augmentation index arterial waveforms. Linear mixed effects models evaluated associations between patient factors measures. Results exhibit increased systolic response All exhibited decrease tasks. During stress, both groups displayed index, reflective stress-induced vasoconstriction, while led mean suggestive uncompensated vasoconstriction. Conclusion These findings emphasize impact function potential monitoring physiological signals predict crisis events.

Language: Английский

---

Immune response and cytokine profiles in post-laminectomy pain syndrome: comparative analysis after treatment with intrathecal opioids, oral opioids, and non-opioid therapies

Inflammopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(5), P. 3295 - 3309

Published: July 22, 2024

Language: Английский

---

ALTERED CONTROL OF BREATHING IN A RAT MODEL OF ALLERGIC LOWER AIRWAY INFLAMMATION

Journal of Neurophysiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 132(5), P. 1650 - 1666

Published: Oct. 9, 2024

Asthma is a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA); however, the mechanisms are incompletely understood. In rat model of allergic inflammation associated with asthma, we found that ventilation in normoxia and ventilatory responses to hypoxia were markedly enhanced related systemic inflammation. These alterations indicating carotid chemoreflex sensitization, known promote instability during humans, may contribute increased OSA asthma.

Language: Английский

---

Adrenomedullin-mediated depressor response with visceral afferent-specific membrane depolarization in isolated nodose ganglion neurons from adult female rat

Neuropeptides, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 108, P. 102476 - 102476

Published: Oct. 10, 2024

Language: Английский

---