Reward processing deficits arise early in familial frontotemporal dementia

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

Reward processing involves evaluation of stimuli to inform what an individual works pursue or avoid. Patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) often display reward changes, including insensitivity aversive stimuli. It is unknown how early in the disease course changes are detectable. We recruited mutation positive (symptomatic and asymptomatic) negative members families known mutations progranulin ( GRN ), microtubule-associated protein tau MAPT ) chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 C9orf72 ). The sample included 4 groups: asymptomatic non-carriers n = 34), carriers [Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) 0, 16], mildly symptomatic (CDR 0.5, 10) bvFTD (sporadic genetic, 45). A series tasks utilized pleasant, unpleasant, neutral olfactants probe consumption effort obtain reward. group by valence interaction showed unpleasant scent ratings were more groups greater severity [χ 2 (6) 87.983, p < 0.001]. Mildly a small difference pleasant stimuli, similar bvFTD. In task, where participants chose avoid receive scents, smell scents frequently than groups, exceeding their frequency choosing scents. this same motivated effort, determined rate button press, success at obtaining avoiding Success rate, calculated based on number responses participants’ presses exceeded threshold set practice trial, differed across 0.048), driven carriers, who consistently unsuccessful. There was variability press trials 0.007), less varied between These findings suggest alterations functioning can be detected bvFTD, even before meeting diagnostic criteria. results may aid identifying distinctive, initial that facilitate accurate diagnosis inspire efforts identify anatomic underpinnings changes.

Language: Английский

Neural Mechanism of Musical Pleasure Induced by Prediction Errors: An EEG Study

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(11), P. 1130 - 1130

Published: Nov. 8, 2024

Musical pleasure is considered to be induced by prediction errors (surprise), as suggested in neuroimaging studies. However, the role of temporal changes musical features reward processing remains unclear. Utilizing Information Dynamics Music (IDyOM) model, a statistical model that calculates surprise based on melody and harmony, we investigated whether brain activities associated with pleasure, particularly θ, β, γ bands, are errors, similar those observed during monetary rewards.

Language: Английский