Does Prefrontal Cortex Oxygenation Mediate Executive Function During High-Intensity Exercise? A Systematic Review of Fnirs Studies

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The transient hypofrontality hypothesis posits that cognitive resources are deprioritized in favor of motor demands during extreme physical stress, potentially reducing prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation and impairing executive function (EF). Although prior studies have attempted to investigate the effects PFC oxygenation, measured via functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), on EF high-intensity exercise, results remain inconclusive. This systematic review examined whether oxygenation plays a mechanistic role changes performance focusing insights from fNIRS studies. Following PRISMA guidelines, comprehensive literature search across several electronic databases identified 468 studies, which five met inclusion criteria. Some reported impairments associated with reduced while others observed stable or increased without significant impairments. These inconsistencies may arise methodological variations, extracerebral confounders, individual differences. findings highlight as critical yet context-dependent factor regulation but suggest it not directly mediate under such dual-task paradigms. supports need for standardized protocols, advanced neuroimaging techniques, multi-modal approaches better understand effect.

Language: Английский

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From hypoxic pockets to daily routines: linking brain oxygenation and cognitive resilience

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

The discovery of hypoxic pockets within the cortical regions has transformed understanding cerebral oxygen dynamics, revealing their dual role as both contributors to neuronal adaptation and potential precursors dysfunction. These transient oxygen-deprived microenvironments play a pivotal in neurovascular coupling, synaptic plasticity, angiogenesis, processes crucial for maintaining cognitive resilience health. Investigating is particularly relevant aging populations individuals with neurodegenerative conditions. Concurrently, research underscores ability physical, social, activities modulate brain oxygenation, offering natural, accessible interventions optimize delivery utilization. This study synthesizes findings from neuroimaging, behavioral science, longitudinal studies, illustrating how daily routines can mitigate hypoxia-induced decline promote resilience. By integrating insights centenarians, hypoxia-adapted species, multimodal intervention this framework highlights transformative lifestyle-based strategies addressing deficits. advocate an interdisciplinary approach develop targeted public health, rehabilitation, personalized care.

Language: Английский

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Performance on a domain-general and a domain-specific cognitive task during exercise: what are the effects of exercise intensity, exercise modality, and time of cognitive assessment among highly-trained athletes?

International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 22

Published: Dec. 2, 2024

This study examined cognitive performance during exercise and the effects of intensity, modality, task type, time assessment, as well assessed accompanying self-reported measures. Eighteen highly-trained elite water polo players (21.04 ± 3.27 years age; 12 male, 6 female) completed a dual-task protocol on two occasions: once performing domain-general (Stroop test with three trial types) domain-specific (water video-based test) cycling exercise. The involved work-matched bouts cycling: continuous moderate high interval intensity. Self-reported measures (rating perceived exertion, affect, mental effort, physical demands) were recorded after each condition. There intensity-related Stroop only, including faster reaction moderate-intensity for naming trials (p < 0.001), interactions type = 0.037). no differences between high-intensity conditions either or responses. Notably, effort demand, in addition to be significantly higher than despite identical conditions. Furthermore, accuracy was associated more positive affect (r 0.47) lower ratings demand −0.37). These findings imply possible task-specificity athletes' performance. They also support importance further exploring how duration participants' perceptions relate executive function

Language: Английский

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The effects of acute exercise intensity on memory: Controlling for state-dependence

Memory & Cognition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 14, 2024

Abstract The present experiment evaluated the effects of varying intensities acute exercise on free-recall memory performance while controlling for potential state-dependent effects. Forty-eight young adults completed a within-subject involving seven primary laboratory visits. encoding and retrieval phases were matched or mismatched by taking place either during rest less than 5-min bout exercise, at moderate vigorous intensity. We did not find evidence that but instead demonstrated recall was greater when occurred vigorous-intensity compared to rest. These findings have important implications strategic placement (e.g., acquisition, storage, retrieval) optimize suggest boundary conditions learning. discuss various theoretical accounts shift in metabolic resources across brain regions) explain these findings.

Language: Английский

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