The Innovation Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 100094 - 100094
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
<p>Bladder
cancer
(BCa)
is
the
most
common
and
lethal
urological
malignancy.
Lymphatic
metastasis
main
type
of
a
poor
prognostic
factor
for
bladder
patients.
Although
several
treatments
are
approved
BCa
patients,
some
patients
still
resistant
to
current
therapy.
The
tumor
microenvironment
(TME),
which
consists
diverse
cellular
components,
crucial
mediator
progression
treatment
resistance.
However,
literature
on
interactions
between
TME
lacks
coherence
systematic
analysis,
while
impact
intratumoral
heterogeneity
(ITH)
tumorigenesis
has
not
been
fully
summarized.
Iterative
insights
into
factors
intrinsic
extrinsic
cells
that
regulate
response
critically
needed.
Here,
we
provide
an
overview
knowledge
multilevel
crosstalk
TME,
including
protein-coding
genes
epigenetic
in
cells,
tumor-associated
macrophages
(TAMs),
cancer-associated
fibroblasts
(CAFs),
neutrophils
(TANs),
endothelial
(ECs),
lymphatic
(LECs)
other
play
roles
tumorigenesis,
progression,
development
drug
We
also
summarize
advanced
therapeutic
approaches
targeting
discuss
challenges
future
perspectives
associated
with
therapies.</p>
Gastric
cancer
(GC)
continues
to
pose
a
major
health
issue
worldwide,
and
diagnoses
made
at
advanced
stages
frequently
result
in
unfavorable
outcomes.
The
metastatic
spread
of
GC
presents
substantial
therapeutic
challenges,
necessitating
deeper
understanding
the
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
its
interactions
with
cells.
MicroRNAs
(miRNAs)
are
small
non-coding
RNA
molecules
that
regulate
gene
expression
have
been
identified
as
key
factors
metastasis
GC.
This
review
explores
biogenesis
functional
mechanisms
miRNAs,
highlighting
their
dual
roles
oncogenes
suppressors
metastasis.
We
discuss
specific
miRNAs
facilitate
progression
by
influencing
pathways
related
invasion,
angiogenesis,
immune
evasion.
Furthermore,
we
examine
potential
diagnostic
prognostic
biomarkers,
offering
insights
into
utility
timely
identification
tailored
approaches.
By
elucidating
complex
regulatory
networks
involving
this
underscores
significance
both
targets
biomarkers
management
gastric
cancer.
Cells,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(6), P. 403 - 403
Published: March 10, 2025
The
tumor
microenvironment
is
a
dynamic
and
complex
three-dimensional
network
comprising
the
extracellular
matrix
diverse
non-cancerous
cells,
including
fibroblasts,
adipocytes,
endothelial
cells
various
immune
(lymphocytes
T
B,
NK
dendritic
monocytes/macrophages,
myeloid-derived
suppressor
innate
lymphoid
cells).
A
constantly
rapidly
growing
number
of
studies
highlight
critical
role
these
in
shaping
cancer
survival,
metastatic
potential
therapy
resistance.
This
review
provides
synthesis
current
knowledge
on
modulating
cellular
progression
response
to
treatment.
The Breast Journal,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
2025(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Background:
T
regulatory
cells
(Tregs)
are
essential
for
preserving
immune
tolerance.
They
present
in
large
numbers
many
tumors,
hindering
potentially
beneficial
antitumor
responses.
However,
their
predictive
significance
breast
cancer
(BC)
remains
ambiguous.
This
study
aimed
to
explore
genes
associated
with
Tregs
and
develop
a
prognostic
signature
Tregs.
Methods:
The
gene
expression
clinical
data
on
BC
were
obtained
from
Cancer
Genome
Atlas
(TCGA)
Gene
Expression
Omnibus
(GEO)
databases.
integration
of
CIBERSORT
weighted
correlation
network
analysis
(WGCNA)
algorithms
was
utilized
identify
modules
consensus
cluster
algorithm
create
molecular
subtypes
determined
by
Then,
constructed
its
relationship
tumor
immunity
the
prognosis
evaluated.
Results:
blue
module
exhibited
most
significant
Tregs,
1080
related
acquired.
A
total
93
TCGA
dataset
found
have
impact
patient
prognosis.
Samples
categorized
into
two
clusters
analysis.
overall
survival,
checkpoint
genes,
subtype,
biological
behaviors
varied
significantly
between
these
subtypes.
10-gene
developed
differentially
expressed
demonstrated
consistent
accuracy
both
GEO
datasets.
It
functioned
as
standalone
marker
individuals
BC.
In
addition,
patients
low
risk
more
inclined
exhibit
increased
cell
infiltration,
TME
score,
mutation
burden
(TMB).
Meanwhile,
Individuals
classified
within
low-risk
group
showed
better
responses
immunotherapies
compared
counterparts
high-risk
group.
Conclusions:
model
derived
Tregs-related
could
aid
assessing
prognosis,
guiding
personalized
treatment,
enhancing
outcomes
Bioengineering,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
12(4), P. 341 - 341
Published: March 26, 2025
Cancer
treatment
has
historically
depended
on
conventional
methods
like
chemotherapy,
radiation,
and
surgery;
however,
these
strategies
frequently
present
considerable
limitations,
including
toxicity,
resistance,
negative
impacts
healthy
tissues.
In
addressing
challenges,
drug-free
cancer
therapies
have
developed
as
viable
alternatives,
utilizing
advanced
physical
biological
to
specifically
target
tumor
cells
while
reducing
damage
normal
This
review
examines
several
strategies,
such
high-intensity
focused
energy
beams,
nanosecond
pulsed
electric
fields,
photothermal
therapy
well
the
use
of
inorganic
nanoparticles
promote
selective
apoptosis.
We
also
investigate
significance
targeting
microenvironment,
precision
medicine,
immunotherapy
in
progression
personalized
therapies.
Although
approaches
demonstrate
significant
promise,
challenges
scalability,
safety,
regulatory
obstacles
must
be
resolved
for
clinical
application.
paper
presents
an
overview
current
research
therapies,
emphasizing
recent
advancements,
underlying
scientific
principles,
steps
required
implementation.
Cancers,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(18), P. 4448 - 4448
Published: Sept. 6, 2023
Cancers
classified
as
multidrug-resistant
(MDR)
are
a
family
of
diseases
with
poor
prognosis
despite
access
to
increasingly
sophisticated
treatments.
Several
mechanisms
explain
these
resistances
involving
both
tumor
cells
and
their
microenvironment.
It
is
now
recognized
that
multi-targeting
approach
offers
promising
strategy
treat
MDR
tumors.
Inhibition
thioredoxin
reductase
(TrxR),
key
enzyme
in
maintaining
redox
balance
cells,
well-identified
target
for
this
approach.
Auranofin
was
the
first
inorganic
gold
complex
be
described
powerful
inhibitor
TrxR.
In
review,
we
will
recall
main
results
obtained
metallodrug.
Then,
focus
on
organometallic
complexes
reported
TrxR
inhibitors.
These
include
gold(I),
gold(III)
metallocifens,
i.e.,
Fe
Os
derived
from
tamoxifen.
families
complexes,
similarities
differences
molecular
inhibition
highlighted.
Finally,
possible
relationship
between
cytotoxicity
discussed
put
into
perspective
mode
action.
Pharmaceuticals,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(7), P. 824 - 824
Published: June 23, 2024
Trastuzumab
emtansine
(T-DM1)
is
a
mainstay
therapy
for
HER2-positive
metastatic
breast
cancer
(mBC).
However,
identifying
patients
who
will
benefit
most
remains
challenge
due
to
the
lack
of
reliable
biomarkers.
The
recently
developed
pan-immune-inflammation
value
(PIV),
novel
immune-inflammation
marker,
could
aid
in
this
regard,
considering
immunomodulatory
effects
T-DM1.
Therefore,
we
aimed
evaluate
association
between
PIV
and
efficacy
T-DM1
with
mBC.
A
total
122
mBC
treated
were
included.
Receiver
operating
characteristic
(ROC)
curve
analyses
conducted
determine
optimal
threshold
survival
prediction.
Kaplan–Meier
curves
Cox
regression
used
univariable
multivariable
analyses,
respectively.
median
age
was
51
years,
95.1%
had
ECOG
PS
0-1.
cutoff
identified
as
338
ROC
(AUC:
0.667,
95%
CI:
0.569–0.765,
p
=
0.002).
multivariate
analysis
revealed
that
high-PIV
group
significantly
shorter
OS
(HR:
2.332;
1.408–3.861;
0.001)
PFS
2.423;
1.585–3.702;
<
than
low-PIV
group.
Additionally,
both
ORR
DCR
lower
(36.6%
vs.
61.3%,
0.011;
56.1%
76.0%,
0.027).
Our
findings
suggest
pre-treatment
may
be
prognostic
biomarker
receiving
low
level
associated
more
favorable
outcomes.
Future
prospective
studies
are
warranted
validate
these
explore
potential
utility
aiding
treatment
decisions.
