A high-sugar diet, but not obesity, reduces female fertility in Drosophila melanogaster

Development, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 150(20)

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

ABSTRACT Obesity is linked to reduced fertility in various species, from Drosophila humans. Considering that obesity often induced by changes diet or eating behavior, it remains unclear whether obesity, diet, both reduce fertility. Here, we show females on a high-sugar become rapidly obese and less fertile as result of increased death early germline cysts vitellogenic egg chambers (or follicles). They also have high glycogen, glucose trehalose levels develop insulin resistance their fat bodies (but not ovaries). By contrast, with adipocyte-specific knockdown the anti-obesity genes brummer adipose are but normal Remarkably, supplemented separate source water mostly levels, despite persistent glycogen body resistance. These findings demonstrate affects specific processes oogenesis independently resistance, correlate alone does impair

Language: Английский

---

Prostaglandin E2-EP4 Axis Promotes Lipolysis and Fibrosis in Adipose Tissue Leading to Ectopic Fat Deposition and Insulin Resistance

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 33(2), P. 108265 - 108265

Published: Oct. 1, 2020

Lipolysis, the breakdown of triglyceride storage in white adipose tissue, supplies fatty acids to other tissues as a fuel under fasting conditions. In morbid obesity, fibrosis limits adipocyte expandability, resulting enforced lipolysis, ectopic fat distribution, and ultimately insulin resistance. Although basal levels lipolysis persist even after feeding, regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show important role prostaglandin (PG) E2-EP4 receptor signaling controlling collagen deposition during feeding-fasting cycles. The PGE2-synthesis pathway adipocytes, which is coupled with activated by feeding. By regulating lipolytic key players, PGE2-EP4 sustains negative feedback loop action, perturbation this process leads "metabolically healthy obesity." potential human EP4 lipid regulation was also suggested through genotype-phenotype association analyses.

Language: Английский

---

Regulation of lipid droplet homeostasis by hypoxia inducible lipid droplet associated HILPDA

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 1865(9), P. 158738 - 158738

Published: May 11, 2020

Nearly all cell types have the ability to store excess energy as triglycerides in specialized organelles called lipid droplets. The formation and degradation of droplets is governed by a diverse set enzymes droplet-associated proteins. One proteins Hypoxia Inducible Lipid Droplet Associated (HILPDA). HILPDA was originally discovered screen identify novel hypoxia-inducible Apart from hypoxia, levels are induced fatty acids adrenergic agonists. small protein 63 amino humans 64 mice. Inside cells, located endoplasmic reticulum around Gain- loss-of-function experiments demonstrated that promotes storage hepatocytes, macrophages cancer cells. increases droplet accumulation at least partly inhibiting triglyceride hydrolysis via ATGL stimulating synthesis DGAT1. Overall, regulatory signal adjusts intracellular availability external acid supply capacity for oxidation.

Language: Английский

---

Sex determination gene transformer regulates the male-female difference in Drosophila fat storage via the adipokinetic hormone pathway

eLife, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Oct. 21, 2021

Sex differences in whole-body fat storage exist many species. For example, Drosophila females store more than males. Yet, the mechanisms underlying this sex difference remain incompletely understood. Here, we identify a key role for determination gene transformer ( tra ) regulating male-female storage. Normally, functional Tra protein is present only females, where it promotes female sexual development. We show that loss of reduced storage, whereas gain males augmented Tra’s promoting was largely due to its function neurons, specifically Adipokinetic hormone (Akh)-producing cells (APCs). Our analysis Akh pathway regulation revealed male bias APC activity and function, sex-biased influenced by limiting triglyceride accumulation Importantly, increased activity, genetically manipulating rescued Tra-dependent effects on This identifies sex-specific as one mechanism levels, provides important insight into conserved dimorphism

Language: Английский

---

Phenotyping of Drosophila Melanogaster—A Nutritional Perspective

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 221 - 221

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

The model organism

Language: Английский

---