Monoclonal Antibody Therapies in Cancer Immunotherapy DOI

Charuwan Thanawiroon,

Bancha Yingngam

Advances in medical diagnosis, treatment, and care (AMDTC) book series, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 419 - 472

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can significantly improve patient outcomes in cancer treatment while reducing related side effects, offering a targeted therapy alternative to traditional regimens. This chapter describes the development, mechanisms, and applications of mAb therapies as critical components immunotherapy. The covers history progression use mAbs therapy, their multiple mechanisms—such immune checkpoint inhibitors, acumen for antigens antibody—drug conjugates—and newest developments this area. Moreover, reviews relevant case studies trial data compare impact these agents on various malignancies. concludes with summary current challenges—developed resistance, one hand—and toxic e.g., cytokine release syndrome neurotoxicity, other—and prospective avenues field.

Language: Английский

Ultrasound-Guided Histotripsy Triggers the Release of Tumor-Associated Antigens from Breast Cancers DOI Open Access

Shengzhuang Tang,

Reliza McGinnis,

Zhengyi Cao

et al.

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 183 - 183

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Background/Objectives: There is increasing evidence to indicate that histotripsy treatment can enhance the host anti-tumor immune responses both locally at targeting tumor site as well systemically from abscopal effects. Histotripsy a non-invasive ultrasound ablation technology mechanically disrupts target tissue via cavitation. A key factor contributing histotripsy-induced effects believed be release of tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) or tumor-associated (TAAs) induce systemic response. In this study, we studied effect on HER2, well-defined TAA for cancer immunotherapy. Methods: range doses administered HER2-postive mammary cells in an vitro cell culture system and ex vivo were applied. addition, single dose was used murine model. The released proteins, specifically cell-free supernatants pellets analyzed by BCA protein assay, ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) Western blot. Results: Our results showed could significantly trigger HER2 proteins current study. level actually higher than pellets, suggesting intracellular domain into extracellular compartment. Furthermore, proportionally more doses, indicating free histotripsy-dose-dependent. Conclusions: conclusion, have qualitatively quantitatively demonstrated triggers histotripsy-mediated provides important insights mechanism underlying its immunostimulation suggests potential TSA/TAA-based immunotherapies numerous types.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Prognostic Insights in Feline Mammary Carcinomas: Clinicopathological Factors and the Proposal of a New Staging System DOI Creative Commons

M. Marques Monteiro,

Gonçalo N. Petrucci, Felisbina L. Queiroga

et al.

Animals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 779 - 779

Published: March 10, 2025

Feline mammary carcinoma (FMC) is an aggressive neoplasm with a poor prognosis. Clinical staging crucial for risk assessment, yet the current WHO system lacks granularity, particularly in Stage III. Aligning this human breast cancer has potential to improve prognostic accuracy. Additionally, factors such as tumor size, ulceration, lymph node metastasis, and lymphovascular invasion require further evaluation. This study retrospectively analyzed 75 female cats FMC assess impact of clinicopathological evaluate novel (new staging) adapted from AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. Survival analyses included disease-free interval (DFI), overall survival (OS). Tumor size >3 cm (p < 0.001), ulceration = 0.010), metastasis new 0.001) were significantly associated shorter survival. The refined III into IIIA (T3N0M0), IIIB (T4N0M0), IIIC (AnyTN1M0), improved differentiation. cases had worst 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified (HR 2.834, 95% CI: 1.546–5.195, p histological Grade II 5.013, 1.122–22.397, 0.035) 9.894, 2.195–44.594, 0.003) skin 2.462, 1.256–4.825, 0.009). These findings support relevance key highlight advantages TNM-based system, which may enhance stratification therapeutic decision-making veterinary oncology.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The role of TRAF2 in pan-cancer revealed by integrating informatics and experimental validation DOI Creative Commons
Xizheng Wang, Jianfeng Yuan, Chenchen Zhang

et al.

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 12, 2025

Background Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor associated factor-2 (TRAF2) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase and scaffolding protein that contribute to the progression of various malignant tumors. However, role TRAF2 expression in epigenetic, cancer prognosis, immune responses tumor microenvironment unclear. Methods We used The Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database, TIMER 2.0 TCGA database evaluate human normal tissues. Correlation with mutations epigenetic tumors was evaluated using cBioPortal platform GSCA database. To assess prognostic value TRAF2, we performed Kaplan-Meier plots Cox regression analysis. LinkedOmics for PANTHER Pathways enrichment relationship between checkpoint genes, as well cell infiltration, examined R language. Single-cell sequencing data multiple immunofluorescence staining were observe co-expression on hepatocellular carcinoma cells cells. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated knockdown, explored potential liver biology. Results Our findings indicate frequently mutated significantly overexpressed types cancers, this overexpression linked a poor prognosis. alterations significant across cancers. levels genes tumor-infiltrating cells, suggesting its involvement microenvironment. Of note, analysis revealed correlation T activation, single-cell indicated In vivo results demonstrated closely lymphocytes carcinoma. our vitro experimental studies confirmed loss function inhibits behavior HepG2 Conclusion represents biomarker therapeutic target immunotherapy, particularly patients

Language: Английский

Citations

0
NSG2: a promising prognostic marker shaping the immune landscape of breast cancer DOI Creative Commons
Xuan Li,

Qihai Gu,

Ping‐Ping Sun

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

Breast cancer (BC) remains a significant health issue globally and most common cause of mortality in women. Enhancing our understanding on biomarkers may greatly improve both diagnostic therapeutic approaches to this disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Monoclonal Antibody Therapies in Cancer Immunotherapy DOI

Charuwan Thanawiroon,

Bancha Yingngam

Advances in medical diagnosis, treatment, and care (AMDTC) book series, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 419 - 472

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can significantly improve patient outcomes in cancer treatment while reducing related side effects, offering a targeted therapy alternative to traditional regimens. This chapter describes the development, mechanisms, and applications of mAb therapies as critical components immunotherapy. The covers history progression use mAbs therapy, their multiple mechanisms—such immune checkpoint inhibitors, acumen for antigens antibody—drug conjugates—and newest developments this area. Moreover, reviews relevant case studies trial data compare impact these agents on various malignancies. concludes with summary current challenges—developed resistance, one hand—and toxic e.g., cytokine release syndrome neurotoxicity, other—and prospective avenues field.

Language: Английский

Citations

0