Immunomodulatory effects of invasive and non-invasive brain stimulation in Parkinson's Disease

Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107314 - 107314

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Central and Peripheral Immunity Responses in Parkinson’s Disease: An Overview and Update

Neuroglia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(2), P. 17 - 17

Published: April 4, 2025

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, with increasing evidence supporting the role of immune dysregulation in its pathophysiology. Neuroinflammation, mediated microglial activation, pro-inflammatory cytokine production, blood–brain barrier dysfunction, plays crucial dopaminergic neuronal degeneration. Furthermore, peripheral changes, including T cell infiltration, gut microbiota dysbiosis, systemic inflammation, contribute to progression. The bidirectional interaction between central systems suggests that immune-based interventions may hold therapeutic potential. While treatments remain standard care, immunomodulatory therapies, monoclonal antibodies targeting α-synuclein, deep brain stimulation (DBS) have demonstrated immunological effects, though clinical efficacy remains uncertain. Advances phenotyping offer new avenues for personalized treatment approaches, optimizing responses stratifying patients based on inflammatory biomarkers. This review highlights complexities involvement PD discusses emerging strategies pathways develop disease-modifying treatments.

Language: Английский

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Immunity Recharged: Harnessing Deep brain stimulation to Reverse immune dysregulation

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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