A review of the effects of different types of social behaviors on the recruitment of neuropeptides and neurotransmitters in the nucleus accumbens

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101175 - 101175

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Endocannabinoid System Components as Potential Biomarkers in Psychiatry

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: April 27, 2020

The high heterogeneity of psychiatric disorders, leads to a lack diagnostic precision. Therefore, the search biomarkers is fundamental aspect in psychiatry reach more personalized medicine. endocannabinoid system (ECS) has gained increasing interest due its involvement many different functional processes brain, including regulation emotions, motivation and cognition. This article reviews role main components ECS as certain disorders. Studies carried out rodents evaluating effects pharmacological genetic manipulation cannabinoid receptors or endocannabinoids (eCBs) degrading enzymes. Likewise, ECS-related alterations occurring at molecular level animal models reproducing some behavioral and/or neuropathological aspects disorders were reviewed. Clinical studies gene protein post-mortem brain tissue vivo blood, plasma cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples analyzed. Furthermore, results from neuroimaging using positron emission tomography (PET) magnetic resonance (fMRI) included. review shows close receptor 1 (CB1r) stress development mood (anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder (BD)), post-traumatic (PTSD), well etiopathogenesis schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD) eating (i.e. anorexia bulimia nervosa). On other hand, recent regarding potential therapeutic action tone by inhibition eCBs enzymes, modulation 2 (CB2r) activity on anxiolytic, antidepressive antipsychotic associated Further clinical research are needed, however, current evidence suggests that may become promising improve, least part, diagnosis treatment

Language: Английский

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How effective and safe is medical cannabis as a treatment of mental disorders? A systematic review

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 269(1), P. 87 - 105

Published: Jan. 31, 2019

We conducted a review of systematic reviews (SRs) and randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) to analyze efficacy safety cannabis-based medication in patients with mental disorders. Five data bases were systematically searched (2006—August 2018); 4 SRs (of 11 RCTs) 14 RCTs (1629 participants) included. Diagnoses were: dementia, cannabis opioid dependence, psychoses/schizophrenia, general social anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, anorexia nervosa, attention-deficit hyperactivity Tourette`s disorder. Outcome variables too heterogeneous conduct meta-analysis. A narrative synthesis method was applied. The study quality assessed using the risk-of-bias tool SIGN-checklists. THC- CBD-based medicines, given as adjunct pharmaco- psychotherapy, associated improvements several symptoms disorders, but not remission. Side effects occurred, severe adverse mentioned single cases only. In order provide reliable treatment recommendations, more larger follow-up assessments, consistent outcome measures active comparisons are needed.

Language: Английский

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Cannabis and Cannabinoids in Mood and Anxiety Disorders: Impact on Illness Onset and Course, and Assessment of Therapeutic Potential

American Journal on Addictions, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 29(1), P. 9 - 26

Published: Oct. 2, 2019

Background and Objectives Cannabis use is common in people with mood anxiety disorders (ADs), rates of problematic are higher than the general population. Given recent policy changes favor cannabis legalization, it important to understand how cannabinoids may impact these disorders. We aimed assess effects on onset course depression, bipolar disorder, ADs, post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), also explore therapeutic potential for Methods A systematic review literature was completed. The PubMed® database from January 1990 May 2018 searched. included longitudinal cohort studies, all studies using or a cannabinoid as an active intervention, regardless study design. Results Forty‐seven were included: 32 reported illness onset, nine course, six therapeutics. Cohort varied significantly design quality. suggests that linked poorer clinical PTSD, but this finding not clear depression (ADs). There have been few high‐quality pharmaceuticals settings. Conclusions Scientific Significance These conclusions limited by lack well‐controlled studies. suggest future research be directed toward high‐quality, prospective populations addition controlled constituents populations. (Am J Addict 2019;00:00–00)

Language: Английский

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A systematic review of cannabidiol trials in neurodevelopmental disorders

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 230, P. 173607 - 173607

Published: Aug. 4, 2023

Cannabis-derived compounds, such as cannabidiol (CBD) and delta-9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), are increasingly prescribed for a range of clinical indications. These phyto-cannabinoids have multiple biological targets, including the body's endocannabinoid system. There is growing scientific interest in use CBD, non-intoxicating compound, to ameliorate symptoms associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. However, its suitability pharmaceutical intervention these disorders has not been reliably established populations. This systematic review examines nine published randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that probed safety efficacy CBD individuals diagnosed attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum intellectual disability, Tourette Syndrome, complex motor Studies were identified systematically through searching four databases: Medline, CINAHL complete, PsycINFO, EMBASE. Inclusion criteria involving participants No publication year or language restrictions applied. Relevant data extracted from list eligible articles. After extraction, cross-checked between authors ensure consistency. Several indicate potential efficacy, although this possibility currently too inconsistent across RCTs confidently guide usage. Study characteristics, treatment properties, outcomes varied greatly included trials. The material lack comparable leaves CBD's pharmacological largely undetermined. A stronger evidence base urgently required establish profiles ever-expanding uptake cannabis-derived compounds Prospero registration number: CRD42021267839.

Language: Английский

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Neurobiological effects of aerobic exercise, with a focus on patients with schizophrenia

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 269(5), P. 499 - 515

Published: May 21, 2019

Language: Английский

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Structural and Functional Insights into Cannabinoid Receptors

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 41(9), P. 665 - 677

Published: July 29, 2020

Language: Английский

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Social isolation as a promising animal model of PTSD comorbid suicide: neurosteroids and cannabinoids as possible treatment options

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 92, P. 243 - 259

Published: Dec. 23, 2018

Language: Английский

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Allosteric Modulators Targeting Cannabinoid cb1 and cb2 Receptors: Implications for Drug Discovery

Future Medicinal Chemistry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 11(15), P. 2019 - 2037

Published: Aug. 1, 2019

Allosteric modulators of cannabinoid receptors hold great therapeutic potential, as they do not possess intrinsic efficacy, but instead enhance or diminish the receptor's response orthosteric ligands allowing for tempering receptor signaling without desensitization, tolerance and dependence. have numerous advantages over such higher type selectivity, probe dependence biased signaling, so a potential to separate benefits from side effects own ligands. This review aims give an overview CB1 CB2 allosteric highlighting structure-activity relationship pharmacological profile each classes, their future promise.

Language: Английский

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Inner Engineering Practices and Advanced 4‐day Isha Yoga Retreat Are Associated with Cannabimimetic Effects with Increased Endocannabinoids and Short‐Term and Sustained Improvement in Mental Health: A Prospective Observational Study of Meditators

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 2020(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

Anxiety and depression are common in the modern world, there is growing demand for alternative therapies such as meditation. Meditation can decrease perceived stress increase general well-being, although physiological mechanism not well-characterized. Endocannabinoids (eCBs), lipid mediators associated with enhanced mood reduced anxiety/depression, have been previously studied biomarkers of meditation effects. Our aim was to assess (eCBs brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF]) psychological parameters after a retreat.This an observational pilot study adults before 4-day Isha Yoga Bhava Spandana Program retreat. Participants completed online surveys (before retreat, 1 month later) anxiety, depression, focus, happiness through validated scales. Voluntary blood sampling biomarker studies done within day The anandamide, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), 1-arachidonoylglycerol (1-AG), docosatetraenoylethanolamide (DEA), oleoylethanolamide (OLA), BDNF were evaluated. Primary outcomes changes scales, well eCBs BDNF.Depression anxiety scores decreased while happiness, positive well-being increased immediately retreat from their baseline values (P < 0.001). All improvements sustained BSP. major including 2-AG, 1-AG, DEA, by > 70% Increases ≥20% total AG levels had weak correlations well-being.A short experience improved participants at least month. BDNF, suggesting role these underlying simple, organic, effective way improve reduce anxiety.

Language: Английский

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