Mechanisms by which obesity regulates inflammation and anti-tumor immunity in cancer

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 733, P. 150437 - 150437

Published: July 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Exploring How Adipose Tissue, Obesity, and Gender Influence the Immune Response to Vaccines: A Comprehensive Narrative Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 862 - 862

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Vaccines represent an essential tool for the prevention of infectious diseases. Upon administration, a complex interaction occurs between vaccine formulation and recipient’s immune system, ultimately resulting in protection against disease. Significant variability exists individual population responses to vaccination, these differences remain focus ongoing research. Notably, well-documented factors, such as age, gender, genetic predisposition, influence responses. In contrast, effects overweight obesity have not been thoroughly investigated. The evidence indicates that high body mass index (BMI) constitutes significant risk factor infections general, with adipose tissue playing crucial role modulating response. Furthermore, suboptimal levels seroconversion observed among individuals obesity. This review provides plausible examination immunity conferred by various vaccines status, offering comprehensive analysis mechanisms enhance vaccination efficiency.

Language: Английский

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Vitamin D Enhancement of Adipose Biology: Implications on Obesity-Associated Cardiometabolic Diseases

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 586 - 586

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Vitamin D is activated into 1α,25(OH)2D through two hydroxylation steps that are primarily catalyzed by 25-hydroxylase in the liver and 1α-hydroxylase kidneys. The active form of vitamin regulates myriads cellular functions its nuclear receptor, receptor (VDR). metabolizing enzymes VDR expressed adipose tissues multiple aspects biology including recruitment differentiation stem cells adipocytes metabolic, endocrine, immune properties. Obesity associated with low status, which thought to be explained sequestration large mass as well dysregulated metabolism. Low status obesity may negatively impact leading tissue dysfunctions, major pathological factors for cardiometabolic diseases obesity. In this review, current understanding metabolism molecular mechanisms actions, focusing on D–VDR regulation their implications obesity-associated diseases, discussed. Whether improving leads reductions adiposity risks also

Language: Английский

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Visceral adipose tissue according to magnetic resonance imaging as a factor associated with leptin resistance in stable coronary artery disease

CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY AND PREVENTION, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 4236 - 4236

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Associations of body roundness index with cardiovascular disease and mortality among patients with metabolic syndrome

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 27, 2025

Abstract Aims The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is increasing due to ageing populations and lifestyle changes, making it crucial understand the relationship between body fat distribution cardiovascular outcomes. Traditional measures such as mass index (BMI) have limitations in assessing abdominal obesity. roundness (BRI), a novel anthropometric measure combining waist circumference height, has shown promise evaluating this risk. This study aims explore association BRI disease (CVD) mortality nationally representative sample US adults with MetS. Materials Methods retrospective used data from National Health Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2001–2016, including 10 527 MetS‐diagnosed participants. was calculated cohort divided into quartiles. Logistic regression Cox proportional hazards models assessed CVD prevalence, all‐cause cardiovascular‐specific mortality. Kaplan–Meier curves restricted cubic spline analyses visualized survival patterns non‐linear relationships, sensitivity analysis for validation. Results Higher quartiles were significantly associated increased (odds ratio [OR]: 1.56 [1.32–1.84], p < 0.001). In fully adjusted model, demonstrated U‐shaped mortality, threshold value 6.89 ( ≤0.001). Above threshold, each additional unit linked 9% increase risk (hazard [HR]: 1.09 [1.02–1.15], = 0.006) an 8% rise overall (HR: 1.08 [1.04–1.12], Conversely, BMI showed paradoxical reduced unadjusted models, which became insignificant after adjusting confounders 0.195; 0.144). Conclusions might be more reliable predictor outcomes MetS patients than BMI. identified can assist clinicians accurate prognostic evaluations. However, findings may vary by age gender, underscoring need further research diverse populations.

Language: Английский

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The Goldilocks for chronic weight management—Balancing quantity with quality of weight loss

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2025

Abstract Anti‐obesity medications have reached new heights in terms of efficacy, with presently available pharmacological options almost reaching the efficacy surgical techniques, and thus these are starting to fill treatment void. Because increased weight loss benefits on a host obesity complications being reported, prevention diabetes, reduction liver cardiovascular improvements osteoarthritis among prominent features. On other hand, present anti‐obesity strategies also lead lean bone mass, while consequences hereof only beginning present, they highly likely be importance target population that contains large number elderly potentially frail individuals. Therefore, there is need address issue quality, both context existing possibilities, but especially myriad novel horizon.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Predominantly Plant‐Based Diets on Visceral Fat: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 38(2)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background Visceral fat (VF) is a key contributor to metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Predominantly plant‐based diets (PPBDs) have been linked improved body composition health. This systematic review meta‐analysis (SRMA) evaluated the impact of PPBDs on VF. Methods A search PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web Science Cochrane Library (up November 2024) identified 13 studies (10 cross‐sectional, randomized controlled trials [RCTs], 1 non‐randomized intervention) with total 4000 participants reporting VF outcomes. Risk bias was assessed using RoB 2.0, ROBINS‐I JBI tools. Meta‐analyses used random‐effects models, heterogeneity publication via statistical tests Doi plots. Results RCTs indicated trend toward reduction in those following PPBD (pooled mean difference: −177.99 cm³; 95% CI: −475.83 119.85). Cross‐sectional showed significantly lower high adherence Mediterranean diet (SMD: −0.45; −0.73 −0.17; I ² = 70%) modest reductions vegetarian −0.24; −0.47 −0.02; 0%). Sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness findings. Certainty evidence rated very low. Conclusion appear be associated health, though certainty remains Further, well‐powered are needed confirm these Trial Registration PROSPERO; ID: CRD42024617129. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42024617129 .

Language: Английский

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Markers for the angiogenic potential of fat grafts

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 15, 2025

Summary Background Fat grafting is widely utilized in reconstructive and esthetic plastic surgery, typically with minimal complications. Nevertheless, the occurrence of fat necrosis dependent on technique used for extraction, tissue processing volume graft. The longevity graft critically depends presence adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSC) their promotion a reconstituted vascular supply. Objective This study seeks to determine whether there are differences 13 angiogenesis-related adipokines based grouping by endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression levels. Methods 14 related angiogenesis 12 cultured ADSCs was evaluated using Human Adipokine Profiler kits, which simultaneously detect 58 mediators. Adipokines high low VEGF groups were remaining angiogenic proteins. Results We able show that significant regarding fibroblast 19 ( p = 0.043) insulin like binding protein 3 0.028). Furthermore, differentially highly expressed different pattern amount levels other observed. Conclusion has been described as key grafts may be linked successful grafting; however, two samples analyzed exhibited but lacked co-expression range factors. Thus, assessment predisposing mediators wound healing or contouring should include further promoters aside parameters.

Language: Английский

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Primary Care Practitioners’ Perspectives on the Utility of Metabolic Syndrome as a Diagnosis: A Qualitative Study

Obesities, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(2), P. 27 - 27

Published: April 20, 2025

Background/Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MetSy) comprises a cluster of risk factors—including obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, and impaired glucose metabolism—that increase the cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, other conditions. There are close ties between complications outcomes obesity MetSy. The practical value MetSy as distinct diagnosis in primary care remains uncertain. This study aimed to explore general practitioners’ (GPs) perspectives on utility for diagnosing managing patients light evolving concepts field metabolic health. Methods: A qualitative design was employed, with semi-structured interviews conducted among 15 GPs rural Western Australia. Participants were recruited via GP networks convenience snowball sampling. Transcribed thematically analysed using Braun Clarke’s reflexive approach, iterative coding, theme identification, member checking ensure trustworthiness. Results: generally recognized constellation factors that heighten disease. Insulin resistance frequently identified unifying pathophysiological driver. Nevertheless, most participants did not routinely diagnose clinical practice, rather focusing treating individual component conditions (e.g., dyslipidaemia) due readily available disease-specific guidelines. Only minority actively used concept patient education highlight interconnected risks potential benefits holistic lifestyle interventions. Paucity dedicated management guidelines uncertainty around diagnostic criteria further hindered routine application practice. Conclusions: While aware its broad implications, few use it tool. Development tailored expanded educational resources would empower integrate more holistic, MetSy-focused approach care.

Language: Английский

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The Effects of Body Cold Exposure (Cryolipolysis) on Fat Mass and Plasma Cholesterol

Life, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 1082 - 1082

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

This study investigates the impact of cryolipolysis on reducing localized fat and altering plasma lipid profiles in 30 overweight obese women. Conducted at Health Technology Laboratory Evangelical University Goiás, this clinical research adhered to stringent ethical guidelines.

Language: Английский

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