Revisiting the role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in tumor microenvironment DOI Creative Commons

Xiaolei Lan,

Wenyang Li, Kai Zhao

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 17, 2025

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are integral components of the tumor microenvironment playing key roles in progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. However, challenges persist understanding their heterogeneity, origin, functional diversity. One major obstacle is lack standardized naming conventions for CAF subpopulations, with current systems failing to capture full complexity. Additionally, identification CAFs hindered by absence specific biomarkers, limiting precision diagnostic strategies. In vitro culture conditions often fail maintain vivo characteristics CAFs, which complicates study translation findings clinical practice. Although detection methods, such as antibodies, mRNA probes, single-cell transcriptomics, offer insights into biology, they standardization provide reliable quantitative measures. Furthermore, dynamic interactions between cells, immune cells within TME remain insufficiently understood, role evasion therapy resistance an area ongoing research. Understanding how influence drug response essential developing more effective cancer therapies. This review aims in-depth analysis research, propose future research directions, emphasize need improved CAF-targeted By addressing these gaps, it seeks highlight potential targets overcoming enhancing efficacy treatments.

Language: Английский

Exploring CAR-macrophages in non-tumor diseases: Therapeutic potential beyond cancer DOI Creative Commons

Yizhao Chen,

Qianling Xin,

Mengjuan Zhu

et al.

Journal of Advanced Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

After significant advancements in tumor treatment, personalized cell therapy based on chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) holds promise for transforming the management of various diseases. CAR-T therapy, first approved CAR product, has demonstrated therapeutic potential treating infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, and fibrosis. CAR-macrophages (CAR-Ms) are emerging as a promising approach immune particularly solid highlighting feasibility using macrophages to eliminate pathogens abnormal cells.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
In vivo anti-FAP CAR T therapy reduces fibrosis and restores liver homeostasis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis DOI Open Access
Chittampalli Yashaswini, Bruno Cogliati, Tianyue Qin

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

In this study, we aimed to determine the efficacy of in vivo chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, generated by targeted lipid nanoparticles (t-LNPs), as an anti-fibrotic metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Hepatic fibrosis is a key predictor mortality disease, driven fibrogenic hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). heart, targeting fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) reduce murine cardiac fibrosis. However, value approach unknown. We explored potential vivo-generated anti-FAP CAR steatohepatitis (MASH), highly prevalent disease with no approved therapies. first established that FAP expression both human and MASH specific HSCs. then used flow cytometry, Sirius Red morphometry, digital pathology analysis, single nuclear RNA-sequencing assess impact therapy on MASH. Anti-CD5 targeted-LNPs carrying anti-FAPCAR mRNA generate activated, transient cells, which significantly reduced depleting pro-fibrogenic HSCs, modulating immune endothelial hepatocytes non-cell autonomous manner mitigate inflammation restore homeostasis. These findings reinforce attenuate morbid pervasive through integrated, multicellular salutary effects. RNA-based treatment transiently reprograms target scar-forming fatty thus improving health overall.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Exploration of the role of immune cells and cell therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma DOI Creative Commons
Tao Zhang, Chongyang Ren, Zhanyu Yang

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 16, 2025

Hepatocellular carcinoma stands as one of the foremost contributors to cancer-associated fatalities globally, and limitations traditional treatment methods have prompted researchers explore new therapeutic options. Recently, cell therapy has emerged a promising approach for HCC, showing significant potential in improving patient outcomes. This review article explores use covering different types, mechanisms behind their effectiveness, recent advancements clinical trials, ongoing challenges. aims provide insightful perspectives future research applications treating HCC by synthesizing current knowledge.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Revisiting the role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in tumor microenvironment DOI Creative Commons

Xiaolei Lan,

Wenyang Li, Kai Zhao

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 17, 2025

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are integral components of the tumor microenvironment playing key roles in progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. However, challenges persist understanding their heterogeneity, origin, functional diversity. One major obstacle is lack standardized naming conventions for CAF subpopulations, with current systems failing to capture full complexity. Additionally, identification CAFs hindered by absence specific biomarkers, limiting precision diagnostic strategies. In vitro culture conditions often fail maintain vivo characteristics CAFs, which complicates study translation findings clinical practice. Although detection methods, such as antibodies, mRNA probes, single-cell transcriptomics, offer insights into biology, they standardization provide reliable quantitative measures. Furthermore, dynamic interactions between cells, immune cells within TME remain insufficiently understood, role evasion therapy resistance an area ongoing research. Understanding how influence drug response essential developing more effective cancer therapies. This review aims in-depth analysis research, propose future research directions, emphasize need improved CAF-targeted By addressing these gaps, it seeks highlight potential targets overcoming enhancing efficacy treatments.

Language: Английский

Citations

0