Hormone Regulation in Testicular Development and Function

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(11), P. 5805 - 5805

Published: May 26, 2024

The testes serve as the primary source of androgens and site spermatogenesis, with their development function governed by hormonal actions via endocrine paracrine pathways. Male fertility hinges on availability testosterone, a cornerstone while follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) signaling is indispensable for proliferation, differentiation, proper functioning Sertoli germ cells. This review covers research how androgens, FSH, other hormones support processes crucial male in testis reproductive tract. These are regulated hypothalamic–pituitary–gonad (HPG) axis, which either quiescent or activated at different stages life course, regulation axis normal system. Hormonal imbalances, whether due to genetic predispositions environmental influences, leading hypogonadism hypergonadism, can precipitate disorders. Investigating regulatory network molecular mechanisms involved testicular spermatogenesis instrumental developing new therapeutic methods, drugs, contraceptives.

Language: Английский

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The International Olympic Committee framework on fairness, inclusion and nondiscrimination on the basis of gender identity and sex variations does not protect fairness for female athletes

Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract The International Olympic Committee (IOC) recently published a framework on fairness, inclusion, and nondiscrimination the basis of gender identity sex variations. Although we appreciate IOC's recognition role sports science medicine in policy development, disagree with assertion that IOC is consistent existing scientific medical evidence question its recommendations for implementation. Testosterone exposure during male development results physical differences between female bodies; this process underpins athletic advantage muscle mass, strength power, endurance aerobic capacity. “no presumption advantage” principle disregards reality. Studies show transgender women (male‐born individuals who identify as women) suppressed testosterone retain strength, other advantages compared to females; performance cannot be eliminated suppression. concept “meaningful competition” flawed because fairness category does not hinge closely matched performances. ensures fair competition athletes by excluding advantages. Case‐by‐case testing may lead stigmatization robustly managed practice. We argue eligibility criteria must consider rather than relying current levels. Female should recognized key stakeholders consultation decision‐making processes. urge reevaluate their Framework include comprehensive understanding biological ensure safety sports.

Language: Английский

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Estimated median density identifies donor age and sex differences in red blood cell biological age

Transfusion, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 64(4), P. 705 - 715

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Abstract Background Donors possess heterogeneous red cell concentrates (RCCs) in terms of the biological age their blood cells (RBCs) as a direct result various donor‐dependent factors influencing rates erythropoiesis. This study aimed to estimate median RBCs RCCs based on donor and sex investigate inherent differences products' ages over hypothermic storage using estimated densities (EMDs). Study Design Sixty were collected from four groups; male female teenagers (17–19 years old) seniors (75+ old). A Percoll density‐based separation approach was used quantify EMDs indicative age. EMD mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCHC) compared by correlation analyses. Results Differences RCC units observed with donors having significantly higher females ( p < .001). Teen possessed highest elevated levels biologically aged both groups, regardless duration .05). Throughout most 42‐day period, senior donors, particularly females, demonstrated strongest between MCHC R 2 > 0.5). Conclusions provides further evidence that there are profiles different Our findings highlight may contribute RBC quality during characteristics need be considered when evaluating transfusion safety efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Practice and development of male contraception: European Academy of Andrology and American Society of Andrology guidelines

Andrology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 1470 - 1500

Published: Sept. 20, 2023

Abstract Backgrounds Despite a wide spectrum of contraceptive methods for women, the unintended pregnancy rate remains high (45% in US), with 50% resulting abortion. Currently, 20% global use is male‐directed, variation among countries due to limited availability and lack efficacy. Worldwide studies indicate that >50% men would opt reversible method, 90% women rely on their partner contraceptive. Additional reasons novel male be available include increased life expectancy, sharing reproductive risks partners, social issues, pharma industry involvement opinion makers advocating contraception. Aim The present guidelines aim review status regarding contraception, current state art support clinical practice, recommend minimal requirements new development provide grade updated, evidence‐based recommendations from European Society Andrology (EAA) American (ASA). Methods An expert panel academicians appointed by EAA ASA generated consensus guideline according GRADE (Grading Recommendations, Assessment, Development Evaluation) system. Results Sixty graded were produced couple‐centered communication, behaviors, barrier methods, semen analysis efficacy, physical agents, surgical actions before initiating hormonal non‐hormonal vaccines, ethical considerations. Conclusion As gender roles transform equity established relationships, contribution family planning must facilitated. Efficient safe male‐directed evaluated introduced into preferably reversible, either or non‐hormonal. From future perspective, identifying combinations, suitable testicular targets, emerging vas occlusion will produce molecules products

Language: Английский

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Effect of Thermal Stress on Thermoregulation, Hematological and Hormonal Characteristics of Caracu Beef Cattle

Animals, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(24), P. 3473 - 3473

Published: Dec. 8, 2022

This study evaluated the influence of environmental temperature on thermoregulation, hormonal, and hematological characteristics in Caracu cattle. Blood samples, hair length, coat muzzle colors, rectal (RT), surface temperatures were collected from 48 males 43 females before (morning) after sun exposure for eight hours (afternoon). Infrared thermography (IRT) was used to identify superficial that exhibits a high correlation with RT. Hematological parameters, hormone concentrations, RT, obtained by IRT exhibited highest RT variance analysis. Regarding IRT, lower left side body (LS) showed Interaction between period sex observed LS, cortisol, eosinophils. Cortisone, progesterone, influenced sex. Neutrophils segmented neutrophils period, which concentrations exposure. Platelets, leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes Heat stress changes several physiological where differences their responses heat stress. Furthermore, most remained within regular values taurine Creole breeds, showing is adapted tropical climates.

Language: Английский

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Association between anemia and sarcopenia among Chinese elderly: A cross-sectional study based on the China health and retirement longitudinal study

Experimental Gerontology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 177, P. 112183 - 112183

Published: April 27, 2023

Evidence regarding the association between anemia and sarcopenia in elderly population is limited controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate Chinese elderly.The cross-sectional used third wave data from China Longitudinal Study Health Retirement (CHARLS). Participants were classified as sarcopenic versus non-sarcopenic according guidelines developed by Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019. Meanwhile, participants defined using World Organization criteria. Logistic regression models conducted assess sarcopenia. Odds ratios (OR) reported indicate strength association.A total 5016 included analysis. overall prevalence 18.3 %. After adjusting all potential risk factors, independently associated (OR = 1.43, 95 % CI 1.15-1.77, P 0.001). In terms subgroups, with also significant people over 71 years age 1.93, 1.40-2.66, < 0.001), women 1.48, 1.09-2,02, 0.012), rural residents 1.56, 1.24-1.97, well low education 1.50, 1.20-1.89, 0.001).Anemia an independent factor among population.

Language: Английский

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Hematological reference intervals for Danish crossbred Landrace Yorkshire Duroc (LYD) pigs used in biomedical research

Acta veterinaria Scandinavica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 67(1)

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Abstract Background The health and welfare of pigs used in biomedical research is essential to quality compliance with the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, refinement). Hematological variables are objective markers quantitatively determine issues evaluate physiological differences before after experimental procedures. There no recent validated hematologic reference intervals (RIs) published for Danish crossbred Landrace Yorkshire Duroc (LYD) aid researchers veterinarians their decision-making. this study was establish RIs LYD research. Blood samples were collected from healthy female (35–65 kg) analyzed using in-house ProCyte Dx Hematology Analyzer. Means 90% confidence lower upper limits calculated according guidelines by American Society Veterinary Clinical Pathology. Results Inspection 141 led 133 blood available analyses exclusions due clinical signs disease, inadequate tube filling or presence macroscopic clots. Thirty-two reported platelet abnormalities upon further investigation these excluded when calculating platelets indices. Other measurements not affected. RI red cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit white cells 5.10–7.00 × 10 6 /µL, 9.36–12.29 g/dL, 30.46–40.47%, 11.73–25.00 3 respectively. Conclusions Our provides hematological pigs, revealing significant other breeds. These findings highlight influence factors like age, breed status on measurements, emphasizing importance breed-specific RIs. This supports 3Rs, guiding better animal care enhancing overall quality.

Language: Английский

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Reproductive and nonreproductive actions of testosterone

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Establishing altitude-based coagulation reference ranges in Western Sichuan

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 23, 2025

The diagnosis and treatment of diseases in plateau regions should incorporate altitude, sex, age addition to hematological indicators from plain regions. This study analyzed coagulation results among individuals living at different altitudes the Western Sichuan Plateaus belonging sex groups examine patterns change determine normal ranges. By comparing changes healthy male female residents (< 40 years, 40–59 ≥ 60 years) Guza (1,400 m), Kangding (2,500 Luhuo (3,400 Litang (4,100 we association between age, sex. Under low temperature, hypoxia, other environment factors, varied altitudes, with some showing specific trends increasing altitude. Different sexes also exhibited results. clarified four Plateau effects on function. Normal ranges values were determined for providing a scientific basis healthcare this region.

Language: Английский

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The intersection of the laboratory and transgender care

Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 16

Published: May 1, 2025

Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals seeking affirming treatment are an increasing demographic in today's society; such treatments include hormonal surgical interventions aimed at alleviating dysphoria quality of life. A number diagnostic pathology tests provided to medical professionals with sex specific reference intervals (RIs) for interpretation, due physiological differences, organ size hormone levels example. These may be reported RIs that not appropriate, interpretation the professional can challenging. From laboratory perspective, there limitations Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS) ability these databases record both identifiers, as well reporting appropriate RIs. The use derived from transgender population is complex, studies generally have a low sample adults long established treatments. age individual undergoing therapy has decreased, Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone analogues adds complexity. In this review, we will discuss current challenges perspectives regarding TGD population, derivation personalized or tests.

Language: Английский

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