Phosphatidylcholine Cytidine Transferase α (CCTα) Affects LD Formation Through Fusion and Lipophagy in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 2135 - 2135

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Phosphatidylcholine cytidine transferase α (CCTα) is a key rate-limiting enzyme in the CDP-choline pathway, primary pathway for phosphatidylcholine (PC) synthesis mammals. This study investigated role of CCTα lipid droplet (LD) formation, phospholipid synthesis, LD fusion, and lipophagy bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) through gene knockout (CCT-KO) overexpression (CCT-OE). mRNA expression was significantly increased gland tissue after lactation. In BMECs, transferred from nucleus to endoplasmic reticulum localized on surfaces presence linoleic acid. Compared with normal BMECs (NC), had greater diameters (1.53 μm vs. 1.68 μm, p < 0.05), lower proportions small LDs (<1 µm; 11.39% 5.42%), higher large (>3 0.67% 2.88%). contrast, (CCT-OE) decreased diameter 1.18 (p 0.01), proportion 35.48%, 0.24%. PC content ratio PE, whereas phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) 0.05). The lipidomics analysis indicated that influenced by expression. Live cell observations showed promoted fusion into LDs. CCT overexpression, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) number lysosomes elevated, lysosomal phagocytosis observed transmission electron microscopy, thus indicating enhanced lipophagy. conclusion, these results suggest plays regulating formation influencing BMECs.

Language: Английский

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Human milk fat globule size distributions: comparison between laser diffraction and 3D confocal laser scanning microscopy

Food Research International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 198, P. 115282 - 115282

Published: Nov. 7, 2024

Milk fat globules (MFGs) in human milk provide energy to breastfed infants and support infant development. Accurate measurements of MFG size distributions are important better understand function origin, as well the influence on composition analysis methods. Nevertheless, commonly used laser diffraction systems have never been thoroughly validated for distribution milk. Here, we introduce a new method determining milk, using 3D confocal scanning microscopy (CLSM) combination with fluorescent labeling MFGs. We validate compare CLSM (Mastersizer 2000, Malvern Panalytical), polystyrene microsphere standards. Next, apply both methods evaluate show that can be obtain more accurate between 500 nm 10 μm compared diffraction. Importantly, obtained contain no secondary population around 1 μm, contrast measurements. This suggests bimodal by an artifact built-in fitting algorithm, instead actual feature work demonstrates care should taken when interpreting MFGs measured is alternative measuring lactation dairy research.

Language: Английский

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Essential oils and capsaicin in the diet of Jersey cows at early lactation and their positive impact on anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunological responses

Tropical Animal Health and Production, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(7)

Published: Aug. 31, 2024

Language: Английский

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The Ruminal Microbiome Alterations Associated with Diet-Induced Milk Fat Depression and Milk Fat Globule Size Reduction in Dairy Goats

Animals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(17), P. 2614 - 2614

Published: Sept. 9, 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on milk fat globule (MFG) size and ruminal microbiome goats. Twenty-four mid-lactation Saanen dairy goats weighing 49 ± 4.5 kg (168 27 d in milk, 1.2 0.1 milk/d, 2–3 years old) were randomly divided into four groups—a control (CON) group, which fed a basal diet, three CLA supplementation groups, 30 g (low-dose L-CLA), 60 (medium-dose M-CLA), or 90 (high-dose H-CLA) added diet daily. experiment lasted for 21 days, during time goat collected composition MFG analysis. On day feeding, fluid from CON H-CLA groups analysis changes microorganismal abundance. results showed that did not affect production, protein, lactose content (p > 0.05), but significantly reduced < 0.01) compared with group. decreased D[3,2] D[4,3] MFGs dose-dependent manner 0.01). Moreover, dietary inclusion increased proportion small-sized large-sized ones. 16S rRNA gene sequencing CLA-induced depression accompanied by significant relative abundance bacterial populations, most belonged Firmicutes Bacteroidetes phyla. Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group Prevolellaceae_UCG-003 UCG-002, Succiniclasticum, norank_f__norank_o__Clostridia_vadinBB60_group higher group than In contrast, norank_f__UCG-011, norank_f_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae, UCG-001 norank_f__Muribaculaceae Correlation negatively correlated some bacteria, including members Bacteroidetes. Similarly, (D[3,2] D[4,3]) several Bacteroidetes, Lachnospiraceae, UCG-001, norank_f__Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group (Firmicutes), (Bacteroidetes), while positively Mycoplasma, norank_f__norank_o__Clostridia_vadinBB60_group, UCG-002 (Bacteroidetes). Overall, our data indicated treatment affected goats, these effects populations. These provide first evidence explain mechanism underlying diet-induced perspective

Language: Английский

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Lipids play music at the cellular membrane: From membranes dynamics to signaling via lipid mediators, vesicles and lipid droplets

Biochimie, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 215, P. 1 - 3

Published: Nov. 22, 2023

Language: Английский

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