Highly Threatened Status for the Relict Populations of Ectoparasitic Copepod Salmincola californiensis in Japan

Aquatic Conservation Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 35(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Many species have been threatened over the past century because of anthropogenic disturbances. Parasites are among most vulnerable groups they rely on host organisms, many which now endangered. While studies argued and evaluated risk parasite extinction, empirical evidence is still lacking, especially from aquatic ecosystems. Here, we show highly status relict populations ectoparasitic copepod Salmincola californiensis in Japan. S. attaches to branchial cavities freshwater salmonids genus Oncorhynchus spp., only four local reported disparate regions Japan, isolated probably due range contractions after glacial periods. Through citizen‐led field surveys, found no infections half previously reported, suggesting that extinction has occurred within last 50–60 years. The upstream reaches Kiso River Naka harboured sustained populations, though population may also experienced decline. Our results indicate parasites can quickly decline a large geographic scale, at margins. When focal visible, citizen science an effective approach for identifying distributional rare aiding their conservation.

Language: Английский

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Diversity and eco‐epidemiology of ectoparasites and Rickettsia spp. associated with the opossums Didelphis albiventris Lund in livestock farms from Argentinian Pampas region

Medical and Veterinary Entomology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Abstract Many ectoparasite species serve as vectors for bacteria that are significant to both public and animal health, with wild, domestic synanthropic mammals acting reservoirs. However, limited information exists on the circulation incidence of these in Argentina. We examined diversity, prevalence abundance ectoparasites, along presence Rickettsia spp., Didelphis albiventris Lund (Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae) within a rural landscape Pampas region, also analysed variations populations concerning seasonality, livestock farm type farmers' management practices. Seven hematophagous ectoparasites were collected, including mites (Mesostigmata, Laelapidae: Laelaps echidninus Berlese); ticks (Ixodida, Ixodidae: Ixodes loricatus Neumann); fleas (Siphonaptera, Rhopalopsyllidae: Polygenis platensis Jordan Rothschild rimatus Jordan); Stephanocircidae: Craneopsylla minerva wolffhuegeli (Rothschild, Pulicidae: Ctenocephalides felis Bouché); lice (Phthiraptera, Polyplacidae: Polyplax spinulosa Burmeister). Additionally, two detected: Bouyer et al. (Rickettsiales, Rickettsiaceae) sp. closely related bellii Philip Rickettsiaceae). Fleas most prevalent abundant group, C. showing highest values mean prevalence. Parasitological comparisons between dairy farms feedlots revealed similar results, comparable densities D. types. Ectoparasite varied seasonally, peaking during colder season. Regression analysis indicated higher infestation levels more dogs. The detection pathogenic bacteria, coupled high vectors, such , suggests epidemiological risk region. commensal behaviour facilitates it thrive areas modified by anthropogenic activity, positioning this potential nexus wild cycles parasites emerging pathogens. Therefore, our findings suggest plays key role transmission maintenance ectoparasite‐borne ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Nestedness in a fish-parasite ecological network in the Gulf of California: a potential buffer against extinction

Journal for Nature Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 126955 - 126955

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Predicting the potential distribution of Phacellanthus tubiflorus (Orobanchaceae): a modeling approach using MaxEnt and ArcGIS

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13, P. e19291 - e19291

Published: April 28, 2025

Phacellanthus tubiflorus Sieb. et Zucc, a vascular plant species, is believed to possess pharmacological properties including anti-fatigue and immunoenhancement. However, its distribution data limited. Owing the prospective medicinal relevance of this we proposed comprehensive investigation for conservation utilization. In study, aimed scrutinize holistically, ranging from macroscopic microscopic level. Specifically, developed an ecological model using 51 records P. subjected seven environmental conditions. This attained exceptional area under curve (AUC ) value 0.990 with standard deviation 0.004, true skill statistic (TSS) 0.989, indicating potently predictive capacity. Through MaxEnt model, completed systematic depiction niche tubiflorus, revealing primary global distribution. We carried out field surveys in Changbai Mountain region validate model's accuracy conducted observations focusing on phenological attributes highlighting largely subterranean existence. Factors such as seasonality precipitation temperature were found sway distribution, engendering comparably stable acclimation habitats. research contributes repository facilitating subsequent studies species. Integrating botanical approaches, more profound comprehension evaluation species' behavior, survival strategies, associations other populations within specific Furthermore, inclusive approach would assist addressing pivotal issues related species conservation, biodiversity, land development.

Language: Английский

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Host specificity of gastrointestinal parasites in free-ranging sloths from Costa Rica

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13, P. e19408 - e19408

Published: May 8, 2025

The diversity and host specificity of gastrointestinal parasites infecting free-ranging sloths is poorly known. We compared two sloth species from Costa Rica—three-fingered ( Bradypus variegatus ) two-fingered Choloepus hoffmanni )—for the first time in both a primary forest an urban habitat. asked whether host-parasite interactions were predominantly structured by identity, habitats which hosts occurred, or both. Coproparasitology revealed protozoa nematode eggs species, but cestode recorded only C. . found eight parasitic morphotypes 38 samples, matches total number these described over past 100 years. no significant difference overall parasite richness between habitats, was 2-fold greater vs As sharing observed we strong differences composition regardless In B. , four taxa (Spirocercidae, Subuluroidea, Spirurida, Ascaridida) cysts Eimeriidae (Apicomplexa). By contrast, cestodes (Anoplocephalidae), different family Spirocercidae, also Many rare samples forest, did not match any that had been previously literature, suggesting at least some could be undescribed species. Together, results highlight paucity comparative parasitology involving tropical wildlife, importance characterizing transmission networks, potential relevance intermediate may relevant to health.

Language: Английский

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