Winner–Loser Species Replacements in Human-Modified Landscapes

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 36(6), P. 545 - 555

Published: March 7, 2021

Language: Английский

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Large mammalian herbivores modulate plant growth form diversity in a tropical rainforest

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 110(4), P. 845 - 859

Published: Jan. 22, 2022

Abstract The world’s terrestrial biomes are broadly classified according to the dominant plant growth forms that define ecosystem structure and processes. Although abundance distribution of different can be strongly determined by factors such as climate soil composition, large mammalian herbivores have a strong impact on communities, thus defaunation (the local or functional extinction animals) has potential alter compositional in natural ecosystems. Tropical rainforests sustain high diversity forms, including trees, palms, lianas, shrubs, herbs bamboos, all which play important functions. Here, we experimentally evaluate how affect dominance, coexistence these major tropical forest monitoring communities saplings understorey 43 paired exclusion plots long‐term replicated experiment Atlantic Brazil. Over course 10 years herbivore decreased among increased absolute palms trees (22% 38% respectively) species within two groups, detriment other forms. Furthermore, pairwise relationships between were positive where had access, whereas several negative emerged excluded. This occurred despite background directional temporal trends affecting both experimental treatments across region. Synthesis . Our work indicates alters form dominance favouring while eroding scale. Large mammals promote preventing hyper‐dominance yet without supressing We argue through non‐mutually exclusive mechanisms, herbivory, seed dispersal physical disturbance, well differential effects linked morphological physiological adaptations conclude might lead profound impacts functions underpinned diversity, result vertical horizontal structural simplification rainforests.

Language: Английский

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Common palm civets Paradoxurus hermaphroditus are positively associated with humans and forest degradation with implications for seed dispersal and zoonotic diseases

Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 91(4), P. 794 - 804

Published: Jan. 17, 2022

Habitat loss and degradation can undermine wildlife communities ecosystem functioning. However, certain generalist species like mesopredators omnivores exploit these disturbed habitats, sometimes leading to population increases (e.g. 'mesopredator release' in degraded areas). Although mesopredator release may cause negative effects on food webs zoonotic disease management, some disturbance-tolerant help perpetuate important ecological interactions, such as seed dispersal. We evaluated the habitat associations of common palm civets Paradoxurus hermaphroditus, which are widespread Southeast Asia. Common also high-quality dispersers, potential hosts. used published new camera trapping data map their probability presence across Asia evaluate regional-scale between capture rates variables elevation, ecoregion intactness Human Footprint Index, among others. assessed influence relative abundance at local scale. At regional scale, we found that showed significant positive with landscapes characterized by lower intactness, higher Index elevations. a association but only point, after it started decreasing. They favoured elevations These multi-scale results indicate civets' increase under levels human disturbances, consistent hypothesis. This suggests they be crucial dispersers forest landscapes, especially where more sensitive have disappeared. Our previous studies reporting populations hosts, thus risks transmission humans.

Language: Английский

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Population dynamics and the role of protected areas in China’s milu deer (Elaphurus davidianus) rewilding

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Language: Английский

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Under pressure: suitable areas for neotropical cats within an under protected biodiversity hotspot

Remote Sensing Applications Society and Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34, P. 101155 - 101155

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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Habitat loss and canopy openness mediate leaf trait plasticity of an endangered palm in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Oecologia, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 196(3), P. 619 - 631

Published: Feb. 25, 2021

Language: Английский

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Drivers of Ecological and Evolutionary Disruptions in the Seed Dispersal Process: Research Trends and Biases

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Feb. 22, 2022

As the sole opportunity for most plants to move, seed dispersal influences biodiversity and functioning of plant communities. Global change drivers have potential disrupt processes, affecting communities ecosystem functions. Even though much information is available on effects disruption (SDD), we still lack a comprehensive understanding its main causes at global scale, as well knowledge gaps derived from research biases. Here present systematic review biotic abiotic SDDs ascertain addressed, modes impacted, processes affected, spatial focus existing this topic up-to-date. Although there are many in temperate tropical ecosystems worldwide, efforts predominantly addressed effect alien species systems oceanic islands how defaunation bird or mammal dispersers has affected removal Neotropics. SDD studies were also biased toward forest ecosystems, with few shrublands grasslands. Finally, climate change, ecological consequences whole community level, evolutionary changes largely unrepresented studies. These trends likely due combination true geographic patterns bias focus. We conclude that increased investment less-studied better synergies feedback between multiple will be important forecast threats those functions Anthropocene.

Language: Английский

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Origin matters? Comparing impacts of native and introduced ungulates in European protected areas

Mammal Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 54(3), P. 299 - 309

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Abstract The prevailing theory in invasion biology has been that introduced species have ecological and life‐history characteristics predispose them to do more damage than native species. However, this principle challenged the last decade become involved controversy around hypothesis of whether origin matters. objectives study were 1) compare intensity types environmental impacts European ungulates their counterparts using EICAT 2) discuss results support hypotheses on importance We relied two previously published lists literature ungulate impacts. conducted four comparisons: same species, different locations, location, 3) all locations 4) between impact mechanisms. All data comparisons indicated non‐significant differences levels In conclusion, found negative is like produced by Nevertheless, mechanisms determined high damages may not be same; thus, further research methodological tools provided required.

Language: Английский

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Differential effects of vegetation and climate on termite diversity and damage

Journal of Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 59(12), P. 2922 - 2935

Published: Sept. 2, 2022

Abstract Species diversity shapes ecosystem services. Despite the advantages that this relationship has for pest management, few studies have investigated links between infrastructure damage (i.e. percentage amount of infrastructures infested by termites), species richness and environment. Moreover, it is not clear which proportion (total/functional‐dominant/common/rare) contributes most to damage. We correlated termite with infestation throughout 83 cities in Zhejiang Province, eastern China. were classified according whether or they fed on wood, based upon their distributional range, common rare. analysed relative importance direct/indirect effects climate, vegetation, anthropogenic activities, four functional categories termites levels eight types populated urban rural building, green space sea wall) remote areas ancient large‐old tree, agroforest reservoir dam). Common favoured areas, whereas rare areas. species, preferences deciduous caused more Rare evergreen Reforestation project emphasized trees increased number but reduced species. Elevation drought risk positively neutrally richness. Structural equation models showed vegetation predominantly influenced via altering richness, climate directly Notably, elevation especially Synthesis applications . Termites cause global economic losses 15–40 billion dollars per year. Our study reveals managing city forests space, example increasing trees, a sustainable means suppressing thereby reducing Conservation strategies, supported regular inspections, will become increasingly important as change only threatens survival less harmful also increases

Language: Английский

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Impacts of landscape-scale forest loss and a dry event on the demographic structure of the endangered palm Euterpe edulis Mart. in the Atlantic Forest

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: Sept. 20, 2022

Forest loss is one of the most serious threats to biodiversity in tropics and mainly occurs due conversion native forests by expansion human activities. In addition, regional climate change likely adversely affect remaining biota. These disturbances may have direct or indirect consequences on demographic structure plant species human-modified landscapes. To test this hypothesis, thus look for management practices aimed at enhancing population viability, we used palm Euterpe edulis Mart. (Arecaceae) assess five ontogenetic stages prior (2014) after (2017) a prolonged drought event (2015) that occurred northeastern Atlantic Brazil. We also investigated influence landscape forest cover structure, given remnants were embedded within landscapes ranging from 6 97% amount. revealed was key predictor explaining abundance patterns E. , with all (except seedlings, immature, adults) exhibiting lower surrounded amount forests. Conversely, unaffected species, which suggest populations able cope an isolated, though severe, event. The impacts particularly juveniles, raises concern about future persistence populations, since early represent adult generation near future. Management measures, including reintroduction, restoration, environmental education programmes enforcement laws must be encouraged safeguard Forest.

Language: Английский

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