Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 26, 2024
Abstract
An
important
measure
that
shows
the
total
amount
of
greenhouse
gases
released
into
environment
is
carbon
footprint
by
using
fossil
fuels.
Sustainable
alternatives
are
seen
as
an
effective
step
in
both
preventing
depletion
fuels
and
combating
climate
change.
To
overcome
these
negative
consequences,
use
area
with
hydrogen
becoming
increasingly
popular
among
fuel
researchers.
However,
application
a
can
potentially
increase
NOx
emissions.
For
this
reason,
water–urea
solution
5%
volume
was
added
to
diesel–hydrogen
dual
engine.
Subsequently,
intake
manifold
supplied
1
LPM
hydrogen.
Different
engine
loads
were
evaluated,
while
diesel
operated
at
1500
rpm
rated
speed.
As
result,
addition
urea
led
decrease
BSFC
23%
improvement
thermal
efficiency
25%
compared
fuel.
Blend
oil
decreased
EGT
2%
lower
than
oil.
NOx,
CO,
HC
CO
2
concentrations
5,
61,
13
53%,
respectively,
when
mixed
about
Engine
performance
may
be
improved,
exhaust
pollutants
reduced
utilizing
combined
alternative
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part E Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 15, 2025
The
article
aims
to
investigate
the
characteristics
of
compression
ignition
(CI)
engines
fuelled
with
blends
kapok
oil
methyl
ester
(KME)
and
turpentine
(TO)
inclusion
diethyl
ether
(DEE)
as
a
fuel
additive
RSM
has
been
used
analyse
engine
characteristics.
design
matrix
is
created
for
50%
100%
loading
30%
70%
blending
in
TO
ester.
experiment
was
conducted
on
water-cooled
5.2
kW
CI
30%,
50%,
KME
blend.
According
test
results,
50–50
have
brake
thermal
efficiency
29.13%.
Another
designed
load
range
DEE
0%
20%
50
KT
blend
highest
(30.30%)
lowest
brake-specific
energy
consumption.
emissions
carbon
monoxide,
hydrocarbons,
smoke
decrease
8.25
g/kWh,
0.13
57%,
respectively.
combustion
process
leads
peak
pressure
net
heat
release
rate,
which
are
72
bar
74.93
kJ/
O
CA,
outcome
50–50%
blends,
improved
performance
reduced
emissions.
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part E Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 10, 2025
Rare
Earth
elements
(REEs)
are
known
as
the
“vitamins
of
chemistry”
have
widely
used
in
industries
including
aerospace,
marine
and
electronics.
Metals
ceramics
examples
existing
durable
materials
that
typically
hydrophilic
need
to
be
modified
with
other
become
hydrophobic.
This
research
paper
investigates
hydrophobic
potential
family
rare-earths,
which
belong
lanthanide
series.
The
distinct
electronic
structure
rare
earths
atoms
hinders
hydrogen
bonding
when
water
molecules
come
contact
composites.
results
a
hydration
structure,
wherein
surface
oxygen
serve
only
sites.
Moisture
can
speed
up
corrosion
process,
particularly
combined
impurities.
Water
has
ability
help
electrolytes
develop
accelerates
aluminum
corrosion.
Aluminum
corrodes
more
quickly
at
higher
temperatures.
Owing
their
physicochemical
characteristics,
earth
metals
attracted
lot
attention
improve
performance
When
Oxides
(REOs)
added
composite
materials,
hydrophobicity
is
greatly
increased.
because
passive
films
formed
microstructure
altered,
increases
materials’
resistance
Apart
from
these
fundamentals
hydrophobicity,
behaviour
challenges
also
discussed
this
paper.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: April 27, 2025
This
study
investigates
an
innovative
approach
by
utilizing
biodiesel
derived
from
Waste
Cooking
Oil
(WCO)
to
evaluate
its
impact
on
engine
performance,
combustion
dynamics,
and
emissions
characteristics.
It
examines
the
effects
of
blending
Pentanol
with
WCO-based
in
a
Common
Rail
Direct
Injection
engine,
maintaining
constant
injection
timing
23°
before
Top
Dead
Center
compression
ratio
17.5:1.
The
analysis
covers
various
fuel
compositions,
including
pure
diesel
(D100),
30%
WCO-biodiesel
(B30),
10%
(B30
+
P10),
20%
P20),
40%
(B40),
(B40
under
varying
load
conditions.
results
reveal
that
WCO-derived
blends
demonstrate
notable
improvements
emission
metrics.
B30
P20
blend
stands
out,
delivering
9.9%
increase
brake
thermal
efficiency,
10.5%
reduction
brake-specific
consumption
(BSFC),
12.6%
improvement
volumetric
efficiency
compared
diesel.
Additionally,
this
enhances
heat
release
rate
cylinder
pressure
4.8%
3.1%,
respectively.
Emission
reductions
are
substantial,
CO,
HC,
NOX
decreasing
31.75%,
20.28%,
14.82%,
respectively,
when
other
blends.
research
underscores
Pentanol-enhanced
as
sustainable
efficient
alternative
for
automotive
applications.
