Evaluation of the value of conventional and unconventional lipid parameters for predicting the risk of diabetes in a non-diabetic population DOI Creative Commons
Guotai Sheng,

Maobin Kuang,

Ruijuan Yang

et al.

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: June 11, 2022

Conventional and unconventional lipid parameters are associated with diabetes risk, the comparative studies on for predicting future however, still extremely limited, value of conventional in has not been evaluated. This study was designed to determine predictive development diabetes.The a longitudinal follow-up 15,464 participants baseline normoglycemia. At baseline, such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), total (TC), high-density (HDL-C) were measured/calculated, non-HDL-C, remnant (RC), LDL/HDL-C ratio, TG/HDL-C non-HDL/HDL-C TC/HDL-C ratio RC/HDL-C calculated. Hazard (HR) 95% confidence interval (CI) estimated by Cox proportional hazard regression adjusting demographic diabetes-related risk factors. The threshold fluctuation intervals evaluated time-dependent receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve.The incidence rate 3.93 per 1000 person-years during an average period 6.13 years. In non-diabetic population, only TG HDL-C among while all except non-HDL-C significantly risk. contrast, reflected better than parameters, best parameter reflect (HR: 6.75, CI 2.40-18.98). Sensitivity analysis further verified robustness this result. Also, ROC curve showed that RC, medium-and long-term diabetes.Unconventional generally outperform assessing It is suggested should also be routinely clinical practice.

Language: Английский

Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons
Wentao Ni, Xiuwen Yang,

Deqing Yang

et al.

Critical Care, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: July 13, 2020

Abstract An outbreak of pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that started in Wuhan, China, at the end 2019 has become a global pandemic. Both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV enter host cells via angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) receptor, which is expressed various human organs. We have reviewed previously published studies on SARS recent infection, named disease (COVID-19) World Health Organization (WHO), confirming many other organs besides lungs are vulnerable to virus. ACE2 catalyzes angiotensin II conversion angiotensin-(1–7), ACE2/angiotensin-(1–7)/MAS axis counteracts negative effects renin-angiotensin system (RAS), plays important roles maintaining physiological pathophysiological balance body. In addition direct viral inflammatory immune factors associated with COVID-19 pathogenesis, downregulation imbalance between RAS after infection may also contribute multiple organ injury COVID-19. The spike glycoprotein, binds ACE2, potential target for developing specific drugs, antibodies, vaccines. Restoring help attenuate injuries. Graphical abstract enters lung receptor. cell-free macrophage-phagocytosed virus can spread infect ACE2-expressing local sites, causing multi-organ injury.

Language: Английский

Citations

1123
Mechanisms of macular edema: Beyond the surface DOI Creative Commons
Alejandra Daruich, Alexandre Matet,

Alexandre Moulin

et al.

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 63, P. 20 - 68

Published: Nov. 7, 2017

Macular edema consists of intra- or subretinal fluid accumulation in the macular region. It occurs during course numerous retinal disorders and can cause severe impairment central vision. Major causes include diabetes, branch vein occlusion, choroidal neovascularization, posterior uveitis, postoperative inflammation serous chorioretinopathy. The healthy retina is maintained a relatively dehydrated, transparent state compatible with optimal light transmission by multiple active passive systems. Fluid results from an imbalance between processes governing entry exit, driven Starling equation when inner outer blood-retinal barriers are disrupted. intricate mechanisms involved hydro-ionic homeostasis, their molecular cellular basis, how deregulation lead to edema, addressed this review. Analyzing distribution junction proteins water channels human macula, several hypotheses raised explain why forms specifically "Pure" clinical phenotypes that result presumably single causative mechanism, detailed. Finally, diabetic investigated, as complex multifactorial pathogenic example. This comprehensive review on current understanding its opens perspectives identify new preventive therapeutic strategies for sight-threatening condition.

Language: Английский

Citations

572
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), an inflammatory, systemic, lifestyle endocrinopathy DOI
Seema Patel

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 182, P. 27 - 36

Published: April 17, 2018

Language: Английский

Citations

480
Physiological and pathological regulation of ACE2, the SARS-CoV-2 receptor DOI Open Access
Yanwei Li, Wei Zhou, Yang Li

et al.

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 157, P. 104833 - 104833

Published: April 14, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

377
Hypokalemia: a clinical update DOI Creative Commons

Efstratios Kardalas,

Stavroula Α. Paschou, Panagiotis Anagnostis

et al.

Endocrine Connections, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 7(4), P. R135 - R146

Published: March 14, 2018

Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte disturbance, especially in hospitalized patients. It can have various causes, including endocrine ones. Sometimes, hypokalemia requires urgent medical attention. The aim of this review to present updated information regarding: (1) the definition and prevalence hypokalemia, (2) physiology potassium homeostasis, (3) causes leading (4) diagnostic steps for assessment (5) appropriate treatment depending on cause. Practical algorithms optimal diagnostic, follow-up strategy are presented, while an individualized approach emphasized.

Language: Английский

Citations

290
Cathepsins: Proteases that are vital for survival but can also be fatal DOI Open Access
Seema Patel, Ahmad Homaei, Hesham R. El‐Seedi

et al.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 105, P. 526 - 532

Published: June 6, 2018

Language: Английский

Citations

191
Treatment of Diabetic Kidney Disease: Current and Future DOI Creative Commons
Tomotaka Yamazaki, Imari Mimura, Tetsuhiro Tanaka

et al.

Diabetes & Metabolism Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 11 - 26

Published: Jan. 25, 2021

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the major cause of end-stage disease. However, only renin-angiotensin system inhibitor with multidisciplinary treatments effective for DKD. In 2019, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) showed efficacy against DKD in Canagliflozin and Renal Events Diabetes Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation (CREDENCE) trial, adding a new treatment option. progression has not been completely controlled. The patients transient exposure to hyperglycemia develop diabetic complications, including DKD, even after normalization their blood glucose. Temporary causes advanced glycation end product (AGE) accumulations epigenetic changes as metabolic memory. drugs that improve memory are awaited, AGE inhibitors histone modification focus clinical basic research. addition, incretin-related renoprotective ability many trials, these trials renal outcome primary endpoint currently ongoing. Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase recently approved anemia may be since they tubulointerstitial hypoxia. Furthermore, NF-E2-related activators improved glomerular filtration rate Bardoxolone Methyl Treatment: Function chronic disease/Type (BEAM) trial Phase II Study Patients Chronic Kidney Disease Type (TSUBAKI) trial. Thus, following SGLT2 inhibitor, numerous novel could utilized treating Future studies expected provide insights.

Language: Английский

Citations

169
Endothelium Infection and Dysregulation by SARS-CoV-2: Evidence and Caveats in COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons
I Bernard, Daniel Limonta, Lara K. Mahal

et al.

Viruses, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 29 - 29

Published: Dec. 26, 2020

The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses a persistent threat to global public health. Although primarily illness, extrapulmonary manifestations COVID-19 include gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, renal and neurological diseases. Recent studies suggest that dysfunction endothelium during may exacerbate these deleterious events inciting inflammatory microvascular thrombotic processes. controversial, there is evidence SARS-CoV-2 infect endothelial cells binding angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) cellular receptor using viral Spike protein. In this review, we explore current insights into relationship between infection, due ACE2 downregulation, pulmonary extra-pulmonary immunothrombotic complications in severe COVID-19. We also discuss preclinical clinical development therapeutic agents targeting SARS-CoV-2-mediated dysfunction. Finally, present replication primary human lung cardiac cells. Accordingly, striving understand parameters lead patients, it important consider how direct infection contribute process.

Language: Английский

Citations

162
Oxidative Stress, Antioxidants and Hypertension DOI Creative Commons
Michael Amponsah-Offeh, Patrick Diaba‐Nuhoho, Stephan Speier

et al.

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 281 - 281

Published: Jan. 27, 2023

As a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, hypertension remains serious threat to global public health. Despite the availability many antihypertensive medications, several hypertensive individuals are resistant standard treatments, unable control their blood pressure. Regulation renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) controlling pressure, activation immune triggering inflammation production reactive oxygen species, leading oxidative stress redox-sensitive signaling, have been implicated in pathogenesis hypertension. Thus, besides which lower arterial antioxidant medications were tested improve treatment. We review discuss role pathophysiology potential use antioxidants management its associated organ damage.

Language: Английский

Citations

82
The Renin–Angiotensin System and Cardiovascular–Kidney–Metabolic Syndrome: Focus on Early-Life Programming DOI Open Access
You‐Lin Tain, Chien‐Ning Hsu

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 3298 - 3298

Published: March 14, 2024

The identification of pathological links among metabolic disorders, kidney ailments, and cardiovascular conditions has given rise to the concept cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic (CKM) syndrome. Emerging prenatal risk factors seem increase likelihood CKM syndrome across an individual’s lifespan. renin–angiotensin system (RAS) plays a crucial role in maternal–fetal health maintaining homeostasis cardiovascular, metabolic, functions. This review consolidates current preclinical evidence detailing how dysregulation RAS during pregnancy lactation leads characteristics offspring, elucidating underlying mechanisms. multi-organ effects RAS, influencing fetal programming triggering traits suggest it as promising reprogramming strategy. Additionally, we present overview interventions targeting prevent traits. comprehensive potential early-life aims expedite clinical translation process, ultimately enhancing outcomes health.

Language: Английский

Citations

18