Nanotechnology-based drug delivery for central nervous system disorders

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 143, P. 112117 - 112117

Published: Aug. 31, 2021

Drug delivery to central nervous system (CNS) diseases is very challenging since the presence of innate blood–brain barrier (BBB) and blood-cerebrospinal fluid that impede drug delivery. Among new strategies overcome these limitations successfully deliver drugs CNS, nanotechnology-based platform, offers potential therapeutic approach for treatment some common neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's Huntington's disease. This review aimed highlight advances in research on development nano-based therapeutics their implications therapy CNS disorders. The challenges during clinical translation nanomedicine from bench bed side also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial dysfunctions, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation as therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases: An update on current advances and impediments

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 144, P. 104961 - 104961

Published: Nov. 14, 2022

Language: Английский

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Alzheimer’s disease as a synaptopathy: Evidence for dysfunction of synapses during disease progression

Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 9, 2023

The synapse has consistently been considered a vulnerable and critical target within Alzheimer’s disease, loss is, to date, one of the main biological correlates cognitive decline disease. This occurs prior neuronal with ample evidence that synaptic dysfunction precedes this, in support idea failure is crucial stage disease pathogenesis. two pathological hallmarks abnormal aggregates amyloid or tau proteins, have had demonstrable effects on physiology animal cellular models There also growing these proteins may synergistic effect neurophysiological dysfunction. Here, we review some findings alterations what know from models. First, briefly summarize human suggest synapses are altered, including how this relates network activity. Subsequently, considered, highlighting mouse pathology role play dysfunction, either isolation examining pathologies interact specifically focuses function observed models, typically measured using electrophysiology calcium imaging. Following loss, it would be impossible imagine not alter oscillatory activity brain. Therefore, discusses underpin aberrant patterns seen patients. Finally, an overview key directions considerations field covered. includes current therapeutics targeted at but methods modulate rescue patterns. Other important future avenues note include non-neuronal cell types such as astrocytes microglia, mechanisms independent will certainly continue for foreseeable future.

Language: Английский

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Alzheimer’s disease and drug delivery across the blood–brain barrier: approaches and challenges

European journal of medical research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(1)

Published: June 8, 2024

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a diverse with complex pathophysiology. The presence of extracellular β-amyloid deposition as neuritic plaques and intracellular accumulation hyper-phosphorylated tau neurofibrillary tangles remain the core neuropathologic criteria for diagnosing disease. Nonetheless, several recent basic discoveries have revealed significant pathogenic roles other essential cellular molecular processes. Previously, there were not so many disease-modifying medications (DMT) available drug distribution through blood–brain barrier (BBB) difficult due to its nature, especially drugs polypeptides nature proteins. Recently FDA has approved lecanemab DMT proven efficacy. It also complicated deliver diseases like epilepsy or any brain tumor limitations BBB. After advancements in delivery system, different techniques are used transport medication across Other methods used, enhancement blood vessel fluidity by liposomes, infusion hyperosmotic solutions, local intracerebral implants, but these invasive approaches. Non-invasive approaches include formulation nanoparticles their coating polymers. This review article emphasizes all above-mentioned techniques, procedures, challenges transporting medicines summarizes most literature dealing

Language: Английский

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Design and optimization of curcumin loaded nano lipid carrier system using Box-Behnken design

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 141, P. 111919 - 111919

Published: July 17, 2021

Herbal antioxidant like curcumin holds great potential to treat neurodegenerative disease Alzheimer's disease. However, its therapeutic potency is obstructed due rapid metabolism, poor solubility, GI susceptibility, enzymatic degradation and lower bioavailability. Thus, the present work aimed design optimize curcumin-loaded NLC (CNL) with higher drug entrapment, prolonged release better stability. CNL was prepared by modified melt emulsification method followed ultrasonication. The formulation optimized 3 factor level Box-Behnken using solid: liquid lipid, surfactant concentration ultrasonication time as independent variable while particle size, entrapment efficiency % dependant variable. suggested 3.092 solid:liquid 2.131% 4.757 min fit best get formulation. size of noted 124.37 ± 55.81 nm, which in acceptable range for brain delivery. SEM results also comply this (near 150 nm) demonstrated almost spherical uniform particles porous uneven surface structures. PDI, zeta potential, were observed 0.201 0.00, - 17.2 2.35 mV, 93.62 0.68% 92.73 0.06%, respectively. initial burst subsequent 48 h. Weibull kinetic equation 0.9958 R2, minimum AIC maximum MSC value found explain behavior. β exponent diffusional coefficient (n) indicated combined mechanism Fickian diffusion mechanism. Formulation stable at different storage condition.

Language: Английский

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Insights into the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Focus on Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(21), P. 11847 - 11847

Published: Oct. 31, 2021

As the population ages, incidence of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing. Due to intensive research, important steps in elucidation pathogenetic cascades have been made and significantly implicated mitochondrial dysfunction oxidative stress. However, available treatment Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mainly symptomatic, providing minor benefits and, at most, slowing down progression disease. Although preclinical setting, drugs targeting stress yielded encouraging results, clinical trials failed or had inconclusive results. It likely that by time diagnosis, are full-blown significant numbers neurons already degenerated, making it impossible for mitochondria-targeted antioxidant molecules stop reverse process. Until further research will provide more efficient molecules, a healthy lifestyle, with plenty dietary antioxidants avoidance exogenous oxidants may postpone onset neurodegeneration, while familial cases benefit from genetic testing aggressive therapy started stage.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease Using Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 835 - 835

Published: April 11, 2022

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible and progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Most existing treatments only provide symptomatic solutions. Here, we introduce currently available commercial drugs new therapeutics, including repositioned drugs, to treat AD. Despite tremendous efforts, targeting the hallmarks of AD show limited efficacy. Challenges in treating are partly caused by difficulties penetrating blood-brain barrier (BBB). Recently, nanoparticle (NP)-based systems have shown promising potential as precision medicines that can effectively penetrate BBB enhance ability numerous drugs. describe how NPs enter brain crossing, avoiding, or disrupting BBB. In addition, overview action microenvironment for treatment Diverse systems, liposomes, micelles, polymeric NPs, solid-lipid inorganic been investigated NP drug loading relieve symptoms, target hallmarks, moieties diagnose We also highlight NP-based immunotherapy, which has recently gained special attention a option disrupt progression. Overall, this review focuses on represent innovative strategies understand pathogenesis suggests diagnostic modalities cure

Language: Английский

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Microfluidic Synthesis of Ultrasmall Chitosan/Graphene Quantum Dots Particles for Intranasal Delivery in Alzheimer's Disease Treatment

Small, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(40)

Published: June 12, 2023

Nanoparticles (NPs) based therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) attract interest due to their ability pass across or bypass the blood-brain barrier. Chitosan (CS) NPs graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are promising drug carriers with excellent physicochemical and electrical properties. The current study proposes combination of CS GQDs in ultrasmall NP form not as but theranostic agents AD. microfluidic-based synthesis CS/GQD optimized characteristics makes them ideal transcellular transfer brain targeting after intranasal (IN) delivery. have enter cytoplasm C6 glioma cells vitro show dose time-dependent effects on viability cells. IN administration streptozotocin (STZ) induced AD-like models lead a significant number entrances treated rats target arm radial water maze (RAWM) test. It shows positive effect memory recovery rats. detectable via vivo bioimaging diagnostic markers. noncytotoxic localize myelinated axons hippocampal neurons. They do affect clearance amyloid β (Aβ) plaques at intercellular space. Moreover, they showed no impact enhancement MAP2 NeuN expression markers neural regeneration. improvement AD may be neuroprotection anti-inflammation regulation tissue microenvironment that needs studied.

Language: Английский

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Macrophage membrane-encapsulated nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot nanosystem for targeted treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Regulating metal ion homeostasis and photothermal removal of β-amyloid

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 650, P. 1749 - 1761

Published: July 22, 2023

Language: Английский

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Alzheimer's disease: The role of proteins in formation, mechanisms, and new therapeutic approaches

Neuroscience Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 817, P. 137532 - 137532

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

Language: Английский

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