Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(12), P. 1056 - 1056
Published: Dec. 16, 2024
Bidirectional
communication
between
the
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
and
peripheral
organs
tissue
has
been
widely
documented
in
physiological
pathological
conditions.
This
relies
on
bilateral
transmission
of
signaling
molecules
substances
that
circulate
throughout
body
reach
their
target
site(s)
via
blood
other
biological
fluids
(e.g.,
cerebrospinal
fluid,
lymph).
One
mechanisms
by
which
these
molecular
messengers
are
exchanged
is
through
secretion
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs).
EVs
known
to
mediate
cell-to-cell
delivering
molecules,
including
nucleic
acids,
proteins,
lipids,
various
bioactive
regulators.
Moreover,
can
cross
blood–brain
barrier
(BBB),
enabling
direct
periphery
brain.
In
particular,
delivery
microRNAs
(miRNAs)
modulate
expression
profiles
recipient
cells,
thereby
influencing
functions.
review
synthesizes
current
findings
about
brain–periphery
cross-talk
mediated
EVs-delivered
miRNAs.
Although
this
mechanism
definitively
shown
a
few
cases,
much
evidence
indirectly
indicates
it
could
brain–peripherical
organs/tissue
communication,
especially
Therefore,
understanding
process
provide
valuable
insights
for
treatment
management
neurological
systemic
diseases.
Cells,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(2), P. 150 - 150
Published: Jan. 12, 2024
The
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB)
is
a
fundamental
structure
that
protects
the
composition
of
brain
by
determining
which
ions,
metabolites,
and
nutrients
are
allowed
to
enter
from
blood
or
leave
it
towards
circulation.
BBB
structurally
composed
layer
capillary
endothelial
cells
(BCECs)
bound
each
other
through
tight
junctions
(TJs).
However,
its
development
as
well
maintenance
properties
controlled
contact
BCECs:
pericytes,
glial
cells,
even
neurons
themselves.
Astrocytes
seem,
in
particular,
have
very
important
role
controlling
most
BBB.
Here,
we
will
focus
on
these
latter
since
comprehension
their
roles
physiology
has
been
continuously
expanding,
including
ability
participate
neurotransmission
complex
functions
such
learning
memory.
Accordingly,
pathological
conditions
alter
astrocytic
can
BBB's
integrity,
thus
compromising
many
activities.
In
this
review,
also
refer
different
kinds
vitro
models
used
study
properties,
evidencing
modifications
under
conditions.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(3), P. 1629 - 1629
Published: Jan. 28, 2024
Cell-to-cell
communication
is
essential
for
the
appropriate
development
and
maintenance
of
homeostatic
conditions
in
central
nervous
system.
Extracellular
vesicles
have
recently
come
to
forefront
neuroscience
as
novel
vehicles
transfer
complex
signals
between
neuronal
cells.
are
membrane-bound
carriers
packed
with
proteins,
metabolites,
nucleic
acids
(including
DNA,
mRNA,
microRNAs)
that
contain
elements
present
cell
they
originate
from.
Since
their
discovery,
extracellular
been
studied
extensively
opened
up
new
understanding
cell–cell
communication;
may
cross
blood–brain
barrier
a
bidirectional
way
from
bloodstream
brain
parenchyma
vice
versa,
play
key
role
brain–periphery
physiology
well
pathology.
Neurons
glial
cells
system
release
interstitial
fluid
spinal
cord
parenchyma.
acids,
lipids,
carbohydrates,
primary
secondary
metabolites.
can
be
taken
by
modulate
behaviour
neighbouring
recipient
The
functions
context
neurodegenerative
diseases.
purpose
this
review
analyse
communication,
particular
emphasis
on
contribution
different
types
maintaining
or
altering
homeostasis.
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
23(11), P. 1357 - 1370
Published: Feb. 14, 2024
Extracellular
vesicles
or
exosomes,
often
known
as
EVs,
have
acquired
significant
attention
in
the
investigations
of
traumatic
brain
injury
(TBI)
and
a
distinct
advantage
actively
researching
fundamental
mechanisms
underlying
various
clinical
symptoms
diagnosing
wide
range
cases.
The
mesenchymal
stem
cells
(MSCs)
can
produce
release
which
offer
therapeutic
benefits.
Exosomes
are
tiny
membranous
produced
by
cellular
entities
originating
from
endosomes.
Several
studies
reported
that
administering
MSC-derived
exosomes
through
intravenous
infusions
improves
neurological
recovery
promotes
neuroplasticity
rats
with
damage.
advantages
be
attributed
to
microRNAs
(miRNAs),
small
non-coding
regulatory
RNAs
significantly
impact
regulation
posttranscriptional
genes.
Exosome-based
therapies,
do
not
involve
cells,
lately
gained
interest
potential
breakthrough
enhancing
accelerating
for
injuries
neurodegenerative
diseases.
This
article
explores
benefits
drawbacks
exosome
treatment
while
emphasizing
latest
advancements
this
field
significance.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 22, 2023
Abstract
Outer
membrane
vesicles
(OMVs)
are
constitutively
produced
by
Gram-negative
bacteria
(GNB),
those
from
pathogenic
play
key
roles
in
pathogen-host
interactions,
modulating
host’s
immune
response
and
promoting
virulence.
OMVs
of
commensal
fundamental
the
maturation
host
system
to
maintain
intestinal
homeostasis.
The
objective
this
systematic
review
was
synthesize
knowledge
available
on
literature
reviews
anaerobic
GNB.
information
classified
into
categories:
induction
biogenesis,
liberation,
internalization
cells,
their
interaction.
most
studied
Porphyromonas
gingivalis
Bacteroides
spp.
Odovtos - International Journal of Dental Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 50 - 70
Published: March 21, 2024
Extracellular
vesicles
(EV)
are
spherical
structures
limited
by
membranes
and
shed
several
cell
types.
Specifically,
outer
membrane
(OMVs)
nanometric
particles
constitutively
produced
Gram-negative
bacteria
(GNB)
under
different
environmental
conditions.
OMVs
biologically
active;
they
loaded
with
selected
lipids,
polysaccharides,
proteins,
even
types
of
nucleic
acids.
from
pathogenic
oral
play
key
roles
in
pathogen-host
interactions,
constituting
a
possible
link
between
health
systemic
disease.
participate
adhesion,
invasion,
damage
to
cells,
as
well
modulating
the
host's
immune
response,
biofilm
formation,
promotion
virulence.
The
objective
this
systematic
review
was
collect,
analyze
synthesize
knowledge
available
on
literature
reviews
most
studied
anaerobic
GNB.
This
information
classified
into
following
categories:
induction
vesiculation
biogenesis,
its
liberation
parental
cell,
content,
internalization
another
host
interaction
cell.
It
found
that
those
Porphyromonas
gingivalis
Bacteroides
spp.
and,
lesser
extent,
Aggregatibacter
spp.,
Treponema
provides
synthesis
current
regarding
OMVs,
emphasis
for
periodontopathogens.
