Prognostic relevance of MDK and TIMP1 with immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma DOI Creative Commons
Qinghua Zhu, Qingqing Huang, Xiaohua He

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

Abstract Background LUAD is a prevalent and deadly lung cancer type. MDK TIMP1 expression shows variations in different cancers. The specific contributions of these proteins to progression tumor immunity, however, are not well delineated. Methods We leveraged RNA-seq data from TCGA applied ggpubr R package discern the disparity normal versus tissues. levels were further validated by qRT-PCR western blot. Subsequently, patients stratified into high low groups based on expression, impact their overall survival (OS), disease-free interval (DFI), progression-free (PFI), disease-specific (DSS) was analyzed. Kaplan-Meier curves receiver operation characteristic plotted. also explored KEGG GO annotations for 50 genes exhibiting profiles akin TIMP1, constructed gene-gene interaction network using GeneMANIA. enrichment DEGs pathways scrutinized both TIMP1. Furthermore, we investigated mutational landscape within assessed correlation between infiltration immune cells. Results found be markedly overexpressed LUAD. with diminished have extended OS, DFI, DSS, PFI. Area under curve values 0.943 0.875, respectively. Regression analysis identified as risk factor influencing OS patients. Genes similar notably enriched Proteasome pathway peptidase activator activity, while those exhibit patterns predominantly involved endopeptidase activity Cytoskeleton muscle cells pathway. Functional predictions showed parallel, particularly regulation activity. Mutations determinants There negative purity. dysfunction exclusion score elevated group expression. IPS_ctla_pos IPS_pd1_pos scores statistically significant group. Infiltration immune-related functions more substantial groups. Conclusion A strong exists prognosis LUAD, extent cell infiltration, indicating that targeting related immunotherapy could clinical value.

Language: Английский

Novel Strategies in Breast Cancer Management: from Treatment to Long-term Remission DOI

S Habibi,

Shabbou Bahramian,

Saeedeh Zare Jalise

et al.

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 104715 - 104715

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

2
DCVax-L Vaccination in Patients with Glioblastoma: Real Promise or Negative Trial? The Debate Is Open DOI Open Access
Lidia Gatto, Vincenzo Di Nunno,

Alicia Tosoni

et al.

Cancers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 3251 - 3251

Published: June 20, 2023

The lack of significant improvement in the prognosis patients with GB over last decades highlights need for innovative treatments aimed at fighting this malignancy and increasing survival outcomes. results phase III clinical trial DCVax-L (autologous tumor lysate-loaded dendritic cell vaccination), which has been shown to increase both median long-term newly diagnosed relapsed glioblastoma, have enthusiastically received by scientific community. However, study deserves some reflections regarding methodological issues related primary endpoint change, long accrual period, suboptimal validity external control population used as comparison arm.

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Trial watch: anticancer vaccination with dendritic cells DOI Creative Commons
Francisca Borges, Raquel S. Laureano, Isaure Vanmeerbeek

et al.

OncoImmunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Oct. 9, 2024

Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical players at the intersection of innate and adaptive immunity, making them ideal candidates for anticancer vaccine development. DC-based immunotherapies typically involve isolating patient-derived DCs, pulsing with tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) or tumor-specific (TSAs), utilizing maturation cocktails to ensure their effective activation. These matured DCs then reinfused elicit T-cell responses. While this approach has demonstrated ability generate potent immune responses, its clinical efficacy been limited due immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Recent efforts have focused on enhancing immunogenicity vaccines, particularly through combination therapies T cell-targeting immunotherapies. This Trial Watch summarizes recent advances in cancer treatments, including development new preclinical strategies, discusses future potential vaccines evolving landscape immuno-oncology.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Efferocytosis-related gene IL33 predicts prognosis and immune response and mediates proliferation and migration in vitro and in vivo of breast cancer DOI Creative Commons

He Xiao,

Xi Cheng, Zhun Zhang

et al.

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Background Breast cancer (BRCA) has a high incidence among women, with poor prognosis and mortality, which is increasing year by year. Efferocytosis process of phagocytosis abnormal cells great value in tumor research. Our study seeks to create predictive model for BRCA using efferocytosis-related genes (ERGs) explore the significance efferocytosis this disease. Methods In research, Differential analysis, univariate Cox regression were employed identify linked patients. Then patients categorized into distinct groups consensus clustering based on genes. Survival PCA, t-SNE performed verify these groups. The enrichment metabolic pathways within detected clusters was evaluated gene set variation analysis (GSVA) (GSEA). Additionally, single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) used examine changes immune infiltration enrichment. A risk prognostic constructed utilizing multivariable Least Absolute Shrinkage Selection Operator (LASSO) analyses, subsequently validated its accuracy stratifying according median score. Ultimately, some crucial independent pinpointed their expression, roles, characteristics explored both laboratory live models. Results Findings revealed 52 differentially expressed (DEGs), 21 significantly outcomes. These utilized categorize two subtypes. Subtype B worse compared A, though subtypes distinguishable. enriched mainly concentrated actively group. Following this, five genes, proven possess significant value. link identified between microenvironment risk-associated scores. IL33 as an important research Its vivo expression results aligned data findings, showing low BRCA. Furthermore, overexpression inhibited growth motility vitro , while also enhancing vulnerability destruction activated CD8 + T cells. Conclusion ERG-based effectively predicts shows strong microenvironment. stands out marker, onset advancement This highlights necessity additional studies indicates that might be potential target treatment.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells; mechanisms, functional significance, and targeting in cancer therapy DOI Creative Commons
Fatemeh Sadat Toghraie, Maryam Bayat, Mahsa Sadat Hosseini

et al.

Cellular Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells (TIMs), which encompass tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), neutrophils (TANs), myeloid-derived suppressor (MDSCs), and dendritic (TADCs), are of great importance in tumor microenvironment (TME) integral to both pro- anti-tumor immunity. Nevertheless, the phenotypic heterogeneity functional plasticity TIMs have posed challenges fully understanding their complexity roles within TME. Emerging evidence suggested that presence is frequently linked prevention cancer treatment improvement patient outcomes survival. Given pivotal function TME, recently been recognized as critical targets for therapeutic approaches aimed at augmenting immunostimulatory cell populations while depleting or modifying those immunosuppressive. This review will explore important properties related immunity, angiogenesis, metastasis. We also document latest strategies targeting preclinical clinical settings. Our objective illustrate potential immunological may improve existing treatments.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Anti-tumor effects of Toxoplasma gondii and antigen-pulsed dendritic cells in mice bearing breast cancer DOI Creative Commons
Bong Kyun Kim,

Hei Gwon Choi,

Jae-Hyung Lee

et al.

Parasites Hosts and Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 63(1), P. 37 - 49

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Cancer immunotherapy is widely used to treat various cancers augment the weakened host immune response against tumors. Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting that play dual roles in inducing innate and adaptive immunity. Toxoplasma gondii a protozoan parasite exhibits anti-tumor activity certain types of cancers. However, little known about effects T. or tumor/parasite antigen-pulsed DCs (DC vaccines, DCV) breast cancer. In this study, C57BL/6 mice were administered E0771 mouse cancer (Cancer-injected) subcutaneously, Me49 cysts orally (TG-injected), pulsed with cell lysate antigen antigens (DCV-injected) intraperitoneally. Tumor size immunological characteristics subsequently evaluated. We also evaluated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 MMP-9 levels co-cultured by RT-PCR. The tumor volumes injected (Cancer/DCV-injected mice) similar those Cancer-injected mice; however, they significantly reduced gondii-infected tumor-bearing (TG/Cancer-injected) mice. Moreover, adding (TG/Cancer/DCV-injected compared TG/Cancer-injected IFN-γ, serum IgG2a levels, CD8+ T populations higher DCV- TG-injected than control mice, while no significant differences between Cancer- Cancer/DCV-injected observed. percentage increased TG/Cancer- TG/Cancer/DCV-injected IFN-γ further MMP-2 mRNA expressions decreased live gondii, antigen, (DCV) but not inactivated DCs. These results indicate induces cancer-bearing through induction strong Th1 responses, alone. addition augments gondii.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Pyrimethamine treatment in breast cancer lysate-loaded dendritic cells promotes autologous T cells’ anti-tumor responses in vitro DOI
Sepideh Sohrabi, Javad Masoumi,

Bahar Naseri

et al.

Human Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 86(3), P. 111290 - 111290

Published: March 20, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Advancing Breast Cancer Treatment: The Role of Immunotherapy and Cancer Vaccines in Overcoming Therapeutic Challenges DOI Creative Commons
Marco Palma

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 344 - 344

Published: March 24, 2025

Breast cancer (BC) remains a significant global health challenge due to its complex biology, which complicates both diagnosis and treatment. Immunotherapy vaccines have emerged as promising alternatives, harnessing the body’s immune system precisely target eliminate cells. However, several key factors influence selection effectiveness of these therapies, including BC subtype, tumor mutational burden (TMB), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), PD-L1 expression, HER2 resistance, microenvironment (TME). subtypes play critical role in shaping treatment responses. Triple-negative breast (TNBC) exhibits highest sensitivity immunotherapy, while HER2-positive hormone receptor-positive (HR+) often require combination strategies for optimal outcomes. High TMB enhances responses by generating neoantigens, making tumors more susceptible checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); whereas, low may indicate resistance. Similarly, elevated TIL levels are associated with better immunotherapy efficacy, expression serves predictor inhibitor success. Meanwhile, resistance an immunosuppressive TME contribute evasion, highlighting need multi-faceted approaches. Current immunotherapies encompass range targeted treatments. HER2-directed such trastuzumab pertuzumab, block dimerization enhance antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), small-molecule inhibitors, like lapatinib tucatinib, suppress signaling curb growth. Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) improve targeting coupling monoclonal antibodies cytotoxic agents, minimizing off-target effects. ICIs, pembrolizumab, restore T-cell function, CAR-macrophage (CAR-M) therapy leverages macrophages reshape overcome While particularly TNBC, has demonstrated promise eliciting durable responses, efficacy varies across subtypes. Challenges immune-related adverse events, mechanisms, high costs, delayed remain barriers widespread vaccines—including protein-based, whole-cell, mRNA, dendritic cell, epitope-based vaccines—aim stimulate tumor-specific immunity. Though clinical success been limited, ongoing research is refining vaccine formulations, integrating identifying biomarkers improved patient stratification. Future advancements will depend on optimizing through biomarker-driven approaches, addressing heterogeneity, developing innovative therapies By leveraging strategies, researchers aim ultimately

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Promising future of breast cancer vaccine asking for multidisciplinary collaboration: a literature review DOI Creative Commons
Zhanyi Zhang, Mengyuan Li, Lei Zhang

et al.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 24, 2025

Despite improved efficacy of breast cancer vaccine (BCV) made by multidisciplinary collaboration from fields such as materials science and computer science, clinical translation is still far satisfactory. Herein, we reviewed the evolution trajectory BCV summarized frontier topics challenges for achieving successful translation. Our analysis suggests that multi-omics immunoinformatics are increasingly being used to expand target repertoires, dedicated platforms facilitating precise spatiotemporal co-delivery epitopes immune modulators. has evolved towards delivery, strong properties, combined therapy. Clinical requires joint efforts experts in oncology, immunology, pharmacology, materials, science.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
A Systematic Review of Immune Cell Roles in Breast Cancer Immunotherapy DOI Creative Commons

Rui Li,

Wei Lv, Dongliang Wang

et al.

Cancer Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(5)

Published: May 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignancy among women and associated with high mortality significant clinical challenges. Although conventional treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy have significantly improved patient survival, their efficacy remains limited by severe side effects treatment resistance. In recent years, advances in immunotherapy underscored pivotal role of immune cells treating BC. Recent Findings This systematic review summarizes current knowledge on roles within BC tumor microenvironment (TME), including phenotypes, functions, implications for immunotherapy. Following PRISMA guidelines, 71 studies published between 2010 2024 were analyzed. The results indicate that cell populations—such tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic (DCs), myeloid‐derived suppressor (MDSCs)—are integral to progression therapeutic response. However, functional heterogeneity plasticity remain key obstacles development effective personalized immunotherapeutic strategies. Conclusion Further research needed clarify mechanisms governing behavior TME advance precision Such insights will lay foundation individualized approaches, ultimately improving outcomes quality life (QoL).

Language: Английский

Citations

0