Future Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
4(4), P. 700 - 715
Published: Oct. 3, 2024
Acute
lung
injury
(ALI)
is
induced
by
pneumonia,
sepsis
and
other
conditions.
The
disease
characteristics
include
severe
inflammation,
in
which
various
cells,
such
as
epithelial
macrophages,
neutrophils,
play
a
pivotal
role.
Corticosteroids
antibiotics
are
used
to
treat
ALI;
however,
they
may
have
side
effects.
Cumulative
data
confirm
that
traditional
herbal
medicines
exert
therapeutic
effects
against
endotoxin-induced
inflammatory
responses
both
vitro
vivo
ALI
studies.
This
review
briefly
describes
the
anti-ALI
of
medicinal
extracts
(MHEs)
their
molecular
mechanisms,
especially
focusing
on
Toll-like
receptor
4/nuclear
factor
kappa
B
cell
pathways,
with
brief
summary
experimental
models.
Thus,
present
highlights
excellent
potential
MHEs
for
therapy
prevention
also
be
useful
establishment
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: July 26, 2024
Idiopathic
pulmonary
fibrosis
(IPF)
is
a
lung
disease
that
worsens
over
time,
causing
in
the
lungs
and
ultimately
resulting
respiratory
failure
high
risk
of
death.
Macrophages
play
crucial
role
immune
system,
showing
flexibility
by
transforming
into
either
pro-inflammatory
(M1)
or
anti-inflammatory
(M2)
macrophages
when
exposed
to
different
stimuli,
impacting
development
IPF.
Recent
research
has
indicated
polarization
onset
progression
M1
secrete
inflammatory
cytokines
agents
early
damage
fibrosis,
while
M2
support
tissue
healing
releasing
cytokines.
Developing
novel
treatments
for
IPF
relies
on
thorough
comprehension
processes
involved
macrophage
The
review
outlines
regulation
its
impact
IPF,
with
goal
investigating
possible
therapeutic
benefits
advancement
Inflammation,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 5, 2025
Alveolar
macrophage
(AM)
polarization
plays
a
pivotal
role
in
the
inflammatory
response
during
acute
lung
injury
(ALI).
As
reported
previously,
vasodilator-stimulated
phosphoprotein
(VASP)
may
function
as
an
anti-inflammatory
agent
hepatic
tissues.
However,
specific
of
VASP
ALI-induced
remains
unclear.
To
elucidate
ALI,
we
established
lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)-induced
M1
model
MH-S
cells.
RNA
sequencing
was
performed
to
identify
differentially
expressed
genes
polarization.
The
results
revealed
significant
upregulation
gene.
Subsequently,
gene
knockdown
lungs
achieved
by
intratracheal
delivery
VASP-AAV6,
and
resulting
ALI
symptoms
were
assessed.
also
knocked
down
cells;
these
cells
then
stimulated
with
LPS
for
24
h,
polarization-related
markers
macrophages
analyzed.
Finally,
validate
involvement
PKG-VASP
signaling
pathway,
experiments
conducted
PKG
agonist
(8-Br-cGMP)
inhibitor
(KT5823),
effects
modulating
pathway
on
investigated.
notably
ameliorated
mice
LPS-induced
ALI.
Additionally,
vitro
showed
that
protected
from
inhibiting
polarization,
its
protective
partially
mediated
cGMP-PKG
pathway.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: Jan. 21, 2025
Crohn's
disease
(CD)
is
a
chronic
inflammatory
autoimmune
of
unknown
etiology.
To
identify
new
targets
related
to
the
initiation
CD,
we
screened
pair
twins
with
which
rare
phenomenon
in
Chinese
population,
for
genetic
susceptibility
factors.
Whole-exome
sequencing
(WES)
these
patients
revealed
mutation
their
SERPINB4
gene.
Therefore,
studied
wider
clinical
cohort
CD
or
ulcerous
colitis
(UC),
healthy
individuals,
and
those
family
history
this
by
Sanger
sequencing.
The
single-nucleotide
difference
gene,
was
unique
twin
led
substitution
lysine
glutamic
acid
residue.
Functional
analysis
indicated
that
inhibited
proliferation,
colony
formation,
wound
healing,
migration
intestinal
epithelial
cells
(IECs).
Furthermore,
induced
apoptosis
activated
apoptosis-related
proteins
IECs,
caspase
inhibitor
significantly
reduced
effects.
Transcriptome
expression
genes
encoding
proinflammatory
(IL1B,
IL6,
IL17,
IL24,
CCL2,
CXCR2)
key
immune
response
(S100A9,
MMP3,
MYC)
upregulated
during
mutant-induced
apoptosis.
Thus,
heterozygous
gene
causes
dysfunction
would
disrupt
barrier
contribute
development
inflammation.
activation
might
represent
novel
therapeutic
target
bowel
disease.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Feb. 14, 2025
Acute
lung
injury(ALI)/acute
respiratory
distress
syndrome(ARDS)
is
a
severe
clinical
syndrome
characterized
by
high
morbidity
and
mortality,
primarily
due
to
injury.
However,
the
pathogenesis
of
ALI/ARDS
remains
complex
issue.
In
recent
years,
role
macrophage
pyroptosis
in
injury
has
garnered
extensive
attention
worldwide.
This
paper
reviews
mechanism
pyroptosis,
discusses
its
ALI/ARDS,
introduces
several
drugs
intervening
measures
that
can
regulate
influence
progression
ALI/ARDS.
By
doing
so,
we
aim
enhance
understanding
provide
novel
insights
for
treatment.
Abstract
Hypertrophic
scar
(HS)
is
one
of
the
most
common
complications
skin
injuries,
with
a
lack
effective
therapeutic
approaches
to
date.
Most
current
research
has
focused
on
dysfunction
hypertrophic
fibroblasts
(HSFBs)
and
dermal
vascular
endothelial
cells
(HDVECs),
neglecting
crucial
role
inflammatory
microenvironment
that
causes
them
be
abnormal.
In
this
study,
we
first
discovered
validated
S100A8/9
specific
inhibitor
Paquinimod
could
inhibit
macrophage
polarization
toward
M1,
further
suppress
proliferation,
migration,
collagen
formation,
angiogenesis
HSFBs
HDVECs
in
vitro.
This
mechanism
also
been
rat
model
HS.
Then,
developed
good
biocompatibility
penetrability
Paquinimod‐Hydrogel
Hybrid
Microneedle
Array
Patch
(PHMAP)
for
HS
treatment.
With
advantages
excellent
penetrability,
surface
sealing,
sustained
release,
precise
uniform
distribution,
PHMAP
exhibited
superior
efficacy
over
intravenous
intradermal
injections.
These
results
suggest
can
promising
advanced
solution
prevention
therapies.