HIFU-CCL19/21 Axis Enhances Dendritic Cell Vaccine Efficacy in the Tumor Microenvironment

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 65 - 65

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Effectively targeting treatment-resistant tumor cells, particularly cancer stem cells (CSCs) involved in recurrence, remains a major challenge immunotherapy. This study examines the potential of combining mechanical high-intensity focused ultrasound (M-HIFU) with dendritic cell (DC) vaccines to enhance immune responses against OLFM4-expressing tumors, CSC marker linked evasion and growth. M-HIFU was applied induce immunogenic death by mechanically disrupting releasing tumor-associated antigens creating an immunostimulatory environment. DC loaded OLFM4 were then administered boost response within this primed The combination vaccine significantly inhibited growth metastasis, enhanced T-cell activation increased recruitment due elevated chemokines CCL19 CCL21. synergy promoted memory, reducing likelihood recurrence. effectively promotes migration through CCL19/21, presenting promising approach for treatment. Further studies are recommended optimize clinical applications, improve patient outcomes challenging types.

Language: Английский

Cancer Vaccines and Beyond: The Transformative Role of Nanotechnology in Immunotherapy

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 216 - 216

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Cancer is one of the leading causes morbidity and mortality globally, responsible for approximately 10 million deaths in 2022 an estimated 21 new cases 2024. Traditional cancer treatments such as surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy often present limitations efficacy side effects. However, immunotherapeutic vaccines have emerged a promising approach, leveraging body’s immune system to target eliminate cells. This review examines evolving landscape vaccines, differentiating between preventive therapeutic strategies highlighting significance tumor-specific antigens, including tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) neoantigens. Recent advancements vaccine technology, particularly through nanotechnology, resulted development nanovaccines, which enhance antigen stability, optimize delivery cells, promote robust responses. Notably, clinical data indicate that patients receiving checkpoint inhibitors can achieve overall survival rates 34.8 months compared just 15.7 traditional therapies. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment heterogeneity. Emerging evidence suggests combining nanovaccines with immunomodulators may by overcoming obstacles. Continued research interdisciplinary collaboration will be essential fully exploit promise ultimately more effective accessible patients. The future immunotherapy appears increasingly hopeful innovative pave way enhanced patient outcomes improved quality life oncology.

Language: Английский

The emerging role of intestinal stem cells in ulcerative colitis

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 25, 2025

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory disease affecting the colon and rectum. Characterized by recurrent attacks, UC often resistant to traditional anti-inflammatory therapies, imposing significant physiological, psychological, economic burdens on patients. In light of these challenges, innovative targeted therapies have become new expectation for patients with UC. A crucial pathological feature impairment intestinal mucosal barrier, which underlies aberrant immune responses inflammation. Intestinal stem cells (ISCs), differentiate into epithelial cells, play central role in maintaining this barrier. Growing studies proved that regulating regeneration differentiation ISC promising approach treating Despite progress, there dearth comprehensive articles describing ISCs This review focuses importance barrier discusses latest findings functions, markers, their regulatory mechanisms. Key pathways involved regulation, including Wnt, Notch, Hedgehog (HH), Hippo/Yap, autophagy pathways, are explored detail. Additionally, examines recent advances ISC-targeted UC, such as natural or synthetic compounds, microbial preparations, Chinese medicine (TCM) extracts transplantation therapy. aims offer novel therapeutic insights strategies who long struggled

Language: Английский