Skin Microbiome, Inflammation, and Skin Toxicities in Women with Breast Cancer Receiving Moderately Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy

International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Molecular profiling of skin cells identifies distinct cellular signatures in radiation-induced skin injury across various stages in the murine dataset

Experimental Hematology and Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Abstract Background Radiation-induced skin injury (RISI) commonly manifests in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT). However, a universally accepted standard for treating radiation has not yet been established. Our objective was to provide detailed molecular overview of pre- and post-radiation therapy, aiming enhance our understanding the subclusters mechanisms contributing radiodermatitis. Methods C57BL/6 mice were subjected single fraction (20 Gy) RT targeting right dorsal skin. We then employed integrated single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analyze samples from at 7 30 days after exposure, as well non-irradiated mice. The Seurat analysis pipeline, Cellchat, SCP, ssGSEA used define cell types involved radiation-induced injury. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), multiplex immunofluorescent staining, other datasets (GSE130183, GSE193564, GSE193807) validate findings. Results Thirty-two distinct clusters encompassing 71,412 cells identified. discovered that cycling keratinocytes (KCs), with BMP signaling pathway enriched, could activate Wnt pathway, SMAD pathways, driving wound healing fibrosis processes RISI. Terminally differentiated secretory-papillary fibroblasts (Fibs) are capable attracting immune cells, which contributes pathogenesis Lymphatic endothelial (ECs) pro-inflammatory properties play critical role RISI by facilitating leukocyte migration. also highlighted enhanced ligand-receptor interactions, notably interactions between chemokines like CXCL10, CCL2, ACKR1, across inflammatory KCs, Fibs, ECs, underscoring their pivotal recruitment Conclusions Cycling lymphatic ECs roles progression. Targeting these might help improve severity Furthermore, study provides valuable resource among context Graphical

Language: Английский

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New trends in supportive care of head and neck cancers

Current Opinion in Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Purpose of review Supportive care plays a vital role in the management head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, as disease often affects frail older population that is treated with multiple strategies associated severe symptoms. We will focus on mucositis, dermatitis, dysphagia, pain, cachexia, infections, they are among most common challenging symptoms encountered. Recent findings Efforts have focused multiomics approaches to decipher complex biological pathways drive symptom onset treatment-related toxicities, aim developing novel therapeutic strategies. A notable example ponsegromab, monoclonal antibody designed target cachexia. Other promising areas research, such machine-learning models oral gut microbiota cachexia actively being explored; however, their impact date remains limited. Summary In recent years, new knowledge has emerged regarding underlying causes predictive for supportive HNC patients. Unfortunately, this expanding body primarily adds complexity without translating into practical applications or substantial improvements Future efforts should prioritize standardization algorithms, generation robust evidence based existing preclinical models.

Language: Английский

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Effect of an herbal gel for the prevention of radiation dermatitis-related symptoms: an open-label randomized clinical trial

Journal of Dermatological Treatment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 36(1)

Published: April 14, 2025

Radiation-induced dermatitis (RID) is the most frequent side effect of radiotherapy; however, no effective treatments are currently available. This study investigated efficacy and safety an herbal gel for preventing RID associated symptoms in patients with cancer. Cancer were randomly assigned 1:1 open-label randomized clinical trial. Patients prophylactic group received preventative treatment (one day before radiotherapy). interventional (upon development grade 2 RID). Outcome measures scored according to Radiation Therapy Oncology Group European Organization Research Treatment Cancer. Patient-reported skin (Skindex-16), quality life (QLQ-C30), adverse effects (CTCAE V4.0) investigated. Among 71 participants, showed significant relief a medium size itching, hurting, burning or stinging (p < .05, >0.5) compared group. No statistically difference incidence was found (51% vs. 53% group, p = .91). The application did not affect patient life. reactions observed. Preventative can alleviate radiation dermatitis-related good safety, which indicates that could be option integration care improve RT breast, lung, head neck cancers.

Language: Английский

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Radiation‐Resistant Bacteria Deinococcus radiodurans‐Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Radioprotectors

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 15, 2024

The increasing use of radiation presents a risk exposure, making the development radioprotectors necessary. In previous study, it is investigated that Deinococcus radiodurans (R1-EVs) exert antioxidative properties. However, radioprotective activity R1-EVs remains unclear. present protective effects against total body irradiation (TBI)-induced acute syndrome (ARS) are investigated. To assess R1-EVs' efficacy, ARS induced in mice with 8 Gy TBI, and protection hematopoietic (H)- gastrointestinal (GI)-ARS evaluated. survival rate irradiated group decreases substantially after irradiation. contrast, pretreatment increases rates mice. administration provides effective radiation-induced death bone marrow cells splenocytes by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, protect both intestinal stem epithelial from apoptosis. stimulate production short-chain fatty acids tract, suppress proinflammatory cytokines, increase regulatory T pretreated versus irradiation-only group. Proteomic analysis shows R1-EV proteome significantly enriched proteins involved oxidative stress response. These findings highlight as potent applications damage ROS-mediated diseases.

Language: Английский

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