Nanomaterials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(23), P. 1933 - 1933
Published: Nov. 30, 2024
With
the
growth
of
global
population
and
acceleration
industrialization,
problem
water
pollution
has
become
increasingly
serious,
posing
a
major
threat
to
ecosystem
human
health.
Traditional
treatment
technologies
make
it
difficult
cope
with
complex
pollution,
so
scientific
community
is
actively
exploring
new
efficient
methods.
Biochar
(BC),
as
low-cost,
green
carbon-based
material,
exhibits
good
adsorption
catalytic
properties
in
due
its
porous
structure
abundant
active
functional
groups.
However,
BC's
pure
or
capacity
limited,
researchers
have
dramatically
enhanced
performance
through
modification
means,
such
loading
metals
heteroatoms.
In
this
paper,
we
systematically
review
recent
applications
BC
modified
materials
for
adsorption,
Fenton-like,
electrocatalytic,
photocatalytic,
sonocatalytic
systems,
discuss
their
adsorption/catalytic
mechanisms.
most
research
field
at
laboratory
simulation
stage
still
needs
much
improvement
before
can
be
applied
large-scale
wastewater
treatment.
This
improves
understanding
pollutant
mechanisms
BC-based
materials,
analyzes
limitations
current
studies,
investigates
future
directions.
Desalination and Water Treatment,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
317, P. 100182 - 100182
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
In
contrast
to
•OH
and
CH3C(O)O•/CH3C(O)OO•
radicals,
which
are
commonly
considered
be
the
primary
reactive
oxidants,
high-valent
metals
generated
during
peracetic
acid
(PAA)
activation
have
only
recently
been
proposed.
Compared
with
possess
longer
lifetimes
(e.g.,
0.02
μs
for
versus
7
s
Fe(IV))
more
tolerant
background
ions
despite
their
relatively
moderate
oxidation
power.
Although
several
review
papers
on
published,
there
is
a
lack
of
information
generation
in
systems.
Therefore,
aim
this
work
was
high-valence
activation,
primarily
focusing
i)
formation
pathways
based
homo-
heterogeneous
Fe(II)/PAA
Co(II)/PAA
systems,
ii)
reaction
mechanisms
involving
hydride/H-atom
transfer,
oxygen
atom
electrophilic
addition,
nucleophilic
attack,
iii)
performance
including
substrate-specific
reactivity,
influencing
factors,
environmental
water
matrices.
Furthermore,
critical
thinking
further
prospects
metal-mediated
processes
Heliyon,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(5), P. e27036 - e27036
Published: Feb. 24, 2024
The
exacerbated
global
water
scarcity
and
stricter
directives
are
leading
to
an
increment
in
the
recycled
use,
requiring
development
of
new
cost-effective
advanced
treatments
provide
safe
population.
In
this
sense,
peracetic
acid
(PAA,
CH
IntechOpen eBooks,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 3, 2025
Spinel
oxides,
with
the
general
formula
AB2O4,
are
a
class
of
ternary
transition
metal
compounds
renowned
for
their
diverse
elemental
composition
and
tunable
electronic
properties.
Their
cubic
crystal
structure,
belonging
to
Fd-3
m
space
group,
features
ions
in
both
tetrahedral
octahedral
coordination
centers,
which
can
be
manipulated
achieve
different
catalytic
functionalities.
This
review
focuses
on
impact
oxygen
vacancies
structural
properties
spinel
oxides
various
strategies
introduce
these
vacancies.
The
formation
vacancies,
facilitated
through
heat
treatment,
chemical
reduction,
etching,
doping,
composite
formation,
has
been
shown
significantly
enhance
conductivity,
redox
potential,
activity
oxides.
These
act
as
active
sites,
promote
electron/ion
transfer,
lower
activation
energies
reactions.
Characterization
techniques
such
X-ray
photoelectron
spectroscopy
(XPS),
electron
paramagnetic
resonance
(EPR),
density
functional
theory
(DFT)
calculations
provide
comprehensive
insights
into
distribution,
concentration,
structure
modifications
due
Theoretical
calculations,
particular,
underscore
pivotal
role
stabilizing
reaction
intermediates
reducing
energy
barriers.
synthesizes
current
understanding
highlights
potential
defect
engineering
strategy
optimize
catalysts
applications
storage,
environmental
catalysis,
electrochemical
