Advances in medical diagnosis, treatment, and care (AMDTC) book series,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 265 - 290
Published: Dec. 17, 2024
Synthetic
biology
and
artificial
intelligence
are
ushering
in
a
new
era
of
healthcare.
In
the
specific
context
bioengineering,
organoids,
brain-computer
interfaces,
ethical
considerations
particularly
salient.
Challenges
such
as
data
inadequacy,
unintended
bias
can
undermine
reliability
fairness
decision
making.
Additionally,
cultural
barriers
concerns
related
to
nonmaleficence,
autonomy,
justice
must
be
carefully
considered.
To
fully
realize
benefits
this
technological
synergy,
multidisciplinary
approach
is
necessary,
involving
scientists,
engineers,
ethicists,
policymakers.
Transparent
accountable
AI
systems
essential
mitigate
biases,
protect
privacy,
avoid
consequences.
By
proactively
addressing
developing
robust
regulatory
frameworks,
we
harness
power
these
technologies
for
betterment
humanity.
Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
6
Published: Jan. 5, 2024
Human
brain
organoids,
aka
cerebral
organoids
or
earlier
"mini-brains",
are
3D
cellular
models
that
recapitulate
aspects
of
the
developing
human
brain.
They
show
tremendous
promise
for
advancing
our
understanding
neurodevelopment
and
neurological
disorders.
However,
unprecedented
ability
to
model
development
function
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Aug. 30, 2023
Abstract
Understanding
how
brains
process
information
is
an
incredibly
difficult
task.
Amongst
the
metrics
characterising
processing
in
brain,
observations
of
dynamic
near-critical
states
have
generated
significant
interest.
However,
theoretical
and
experimental
limitations
associated
with
human
animal
models
precluded
a
definite
answer
about
when
why
neural
criticality
arises
links
from
attention,
to
cognition,
even
consciousness.
To
explore
this
topic,
we
used
vitro
network
cortical
neurons
that
was
trained
play
simplified
game
‘Pong’
demonstrate
Synthetic
Biological
Intelligence
(SBI).
We
critical
dynamics
emerge
networks
receive
task-related
structured
sensory
input,
reorganizing
system
state.
Additionally,
better
task
performance
correlated
proximity
dynamics.
alone
insufficient
for
neuronal
learning
absence
additional
regarding
consequences
previous
actions.
These
findings
offer
compelling
support
as
base
feature
incoming
without
need
higher
order
cognition.
The Neuroscientist,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 13, 2025
Harnessing
intelligence
from
brain
cells
in
vitro
requires
a
multidisciplinary
approach
integrating
wetware,
hardware,
and
software.
Wetware
comprises
the
themselves,
where
differentiation
induced
pluripotent
stem
offers
ethical
scalability;
hardware
typically
involves
life
support
system
setup
to
record
activity
deliver
stimulation
cells;
software
is
required
control
process
signals
coming
going
cells.
This
review
provides
broad
summary
of
foundational
technologies
underpinning
these
components,
along
with
outlining
importance
technology
integration.
Of
particular
that
this
new
ability
extend
beyond
traditional
methods
assess
primarily
survival
spontaneous
neural
cultures.
Instead,
focus
returns
core
function
tissue:
neurocomputational
information
respond
accordingly.
Therefore,
also
covers
work
that,
despite
relatively
early
state
current
technology,
has
provided
novel
meaningful
understandings
field
neuroscience
opening
exciting
avenues
for
future
research.
Science and Engineering Ethics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
30(1)
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Abstract
Human
brain
organoids
are
three-dimensional
masses
of
tissues
derived
from
human
stem
cells
that
partially
recapitulate
the
characteristics
brain.
They
have
promising
applications
in
many
fields,
basic
research
to
applied
medicine.
However,
ethical
concerns
been
raised
regarding
use
organoids.
These
primarily
relate
possibility
may
become
conscious
future.
This
is
associated
with
uncertainties
about
whether
and
what
sense
could
consciousness
moral
significance
would
be.
raise
further
consent
cell
donors
who
not
be
sufficiently
informed
provide
valid
their
donated
organoid
research.
Furthermore,
harm
raises
question
scope
donor’s
autonomy
consenting
involving
these
entities.
Donor
does
establish
reasonableness
risk
harms
organoids,
which
oversight
must
ensure
by
establishing
some
measures
mitigate
them.
To
address
concerns,
we
three
proposals
for
procedure
First,
it
vital
obtain
project-specific
rather
than
broad
consent.
Second,
should
assured
appropriate
will
taken
protect
during
Lastly,
assurances
fulfilled
through
implementation
precautionary
measures.
aim
enhance
framework
surrounding
Journal of Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
44(15), P. e0431242024 - e0431242024
Published: April 10, 2024
The
development
of
new
technologies
is
best
accompanied
by—ideally,
preceded
by—serious
ethical
reflection.
Difficulties
in
achieving
this
goal
can
arise
because
only
after
integrating
interdisciplinary
expertise
it
possible
to
fully
capture
the
breadth
issues
regarding
how
any
Journal of Bioethical Inquiry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: July 5, 2024
Abstract
An
ethical
and
legal
framework
is
needed
to
regulate
the
rapidly
developing
human
brain
organoid
research
field
properly.
However,
considering
issues
involved
in
remains
underdeveloped
scattered.
This
article
reviews
of
research,
grouping
them
into
following
five
broad
themes:
(1)
consciousness,
(2)
status,
(3)
consent,
(4)
ownership,
(5)
transplantation.
The
each
topic
include
both
urgent
(e.g.,
appropriate
forms
consent)
speculative
protection
conscious
organoids).
Therefore,
we
have
attempted
be
as
explicit
possible
about
timescale
within
which
issue
will
realized
prioritize
each.
Examining
these
has
revealed
specific
common
other
fields.
Further
discussion
from
a
perspective
future,
discussions
related
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 19, 2024
Summary
Brain
Microphysiological
Systems
including
neural
organoids
derived
from
human
induced
pluripotent
stem
cells
offer
a
unique
lens
to
study
the
intricate
workings
of
brain.
This
paper
investigates
foundational
elements
learning
and
memory
in
organoids,
also
known
as
Organoid
Intelligence
by
quantifying
immediate
early
gene
expression,
synaptic
plasticity,
neuronal
network
dynamics,
criticality
demonstrate
utility
these
basic
science
research.
Neural
showed
synapse
formation,
glutamatergic
GABAergic
receptor
expression
basally
evoked,
functional
connectivity,
criticality,
plasticity
response
theta-burst
stimulation.
In
addition,
pharmacological
interventions
on
receptors,
input
specific
stimulation
further
shed
light
capacity
mirror
modulation
short-term
potentiation,
demonstrating
their
potential
tools
for
studying
neurophysiological
neurological
processes
informing
therapeutic
strategies
diseases.
Graphical
Abstract
Overview
main
components
experiments
conducted.
Figure
created
using
BioRender.com.
Advances in medical education, research, and ethics (AMERE) book series,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 119 - 146
Published: Jan. 10, 2025
Speech
impairment
presents
a
significant
challenge
for
aged
and
chronically
ill
individuals.
Emerging
assistive
technologies
offer
promising
solutions
to
improve
their
communication
abilities.
This
discussion
explores
established
options
like
Augmentative
Alternative
Communication
(AAC)
devices
cutting-edge
approaches
Brain-Computer
Interfaces
(BCIs).
Neuroprosthetics,
field
merging
neuroscience
biomedical
engineering,
aims
replace
or
modulate
damaged
parts
of
the
nervous
system.
We
delved
into
potential
optogenetics,
neuroengineering
devices,
biosensors,
highlighting
contributions
future
advancements
in
speech
assistance.
The
dialogue
emphasized
importance
comprehensive
approach,
combining
with
ongoing
research
on
areas
synthetic
biology.
multi-faceted
approach
holds
key
empowering
speech-impaired
individuals
fostering
improved
communication.
