Neuroscience Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 754, P. 135863 - 135863
Published: March 29, 2021
Language: Английский
Pharmacological Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 75(1), P. 62 - 158
Published: Dec. 8, 2022
The neurotransmitter dopamine is a key factor in central nervous system (CNS) function, regulating many processes including reward, movement, and cognition. Dopamine also regulates critical functions peripheral organs, such as blood pressure, renal activity, intestinal motility. Beyond these functions, growing body of evidence indicates that an important immunoregulatory factor. Most types immune cells express receptors other dopaminergic proteins, take up, produce, store, and/or release dopamine, suggesting immunomodulation for function. Targeting pathways could be promising avenue the treatment inflammation disease, but despite increasing research this area, data on specific effects disease remain inconsistent poorly understood. Therefore, review integrates current knowledge role cell function inflammatory signaling across systems. We discuss understanding regulation CNS tissues, highlighting diseases Parkinson’s several neuropsychiatric conditions, neurologic human immunodeficiency virus, bowel rheumatoid arthritis, others. Careful consideration given to influence experimental design results, we note number areas need further research. Overall, our immunology at cellular, tissue, level prompts development therapeutics strategies targeted toward ameliorating through immunity.
Language: Английский
Citations
156
Nature Reviews Neurology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(7), P. 424 - 433
Published: June 13, 2023
Language: Английский
Citations
84
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 12
Published: Sept. 11, 2018
Microglia, the immune competent cells of central nervous system (CNS), normally exist in a resting state characterized by ramified morphology with many processes, and become activated to amoeboid response brain injury, infection, variety neuroinflammatory stimuli. Many studies focused on how neurotransmitters affect microglia activation pathophysiological circumstances. In this study, we tried gain mechanistic insights dopamine (DA) released from neurons modulates cellular functions microglia. DA induced reduction number increase cell adhesion/spreading, vimentin filaments primary BV2 contrast cells, downregulated spreading phagocytosis LPS. also significantly ERK1/2 phosphorylation microglia, but not Downregulation required receptor signaling. contrast, found significant p38MAPK activity treatment resting, These latter effects uptake through high-affinity transporter did require Activation resulted focal adhesion via paxillin at Ser83. results indicate that might have differential, depending upon stage impact such as phagocytosis.
Language: Английский
Citations
60
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 78(9), P. 4283 - 4303
Published: Feb. 13, 2021
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is characterized by cognitive and behavioral deficits in people living with HIV. HAND still common patients that take antiretroviral therapies, although they tend to present less severe symptoms. The continued prevalence of treated a major therapeutic challenge, as even minor impairment decreases patient's quality life. Therefore, modern research aims broaden our understanding the mechanisms drive HIV identify promising molecular pathways targets could be exploited therapeutically. Recent studies suggest at least partially induced subtle synaptodendritic damage disruption neuronal networks brain areas mediate learning, memory, executive functions. Although causes dysfunction are varied, reversing animal models restores function thus highlights approach. In this review, we examine evidence disrupted connectivity from clinical neuroimaging neuropathology discuss define structural functional neurotransmission. Then, report pathways, mechanisms, comorbidities involved dysfunction, new approaches reverse damage, highlight current gaps knowledge. Continued on manifestation synaptic injury network experimental will critical if develop safe effective therapies impairment.
Language: Английский
Citations
51
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 3588 - 3588
Published: March 22, 2024
Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1)-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) remain prevalent in HIV-1-infected individuals despite the evident success of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). The mechanisms underlying HAND prevalence cART era perplexing. Ample evidence indicates that HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein protein 120 (gp120), a potent neurotoxin, plays pivotal role pathogenesis. Methamphetamine (Meth) abuse exacerbates HANDs, but how this occurs is not fully understood. We hypothesize Meth HANDs by enhancing gp120-mediated neuroinflammation. To test hypothesis, we studied effect on gp120-induced microglial activation and resultant production proinflammatory cytokines primary rat cultures. Our results show enhanced activation, as revealed immunostaining Iba-1 expression, potentiated NLRP3 expression IL-1β processing release, assayed immunoblotting ELISA. also augmented co-localization caspase-1, increased numbers puncta ROS production, levels iNOS NO cleaved gasderminD (GSDMD-N; an executor pyroptosis) gp120-primed microglia. Meth-associated effects were attenuated or blocked MCC950, inhibitor, Mito-TEMPO, mitochondrial superoxide scavenger. These suggest enhances gp120-associated responses via mitochondria-dependent signaling.
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Fluids and Barriers of the CNS, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(1)
Published: Jan. 10, 2024
Appropriate interactions between antiretroviral therapies (ART) and drug transporters metabolizing enzymes at the blood brain barrier (BBB) are critical to ensure adequate dosing of achieve HIV suppression. These proteins modulated by demographic lifestyle factors, including substance use. While understudied, illicit substances share transport metabolism pathways with ART, increasing potential for adverse drug:drug interactions. This is particularly important when considering as it relatively undertreated compared peripheral organs vulnerable use-mediated damage.
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 134 - 156
Published: Dec. 5, 2018
Language: Английский
Citations
45
Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 584 - 627
Published: Sept. 2, 2020
Abstract With the current national opioid crisis, it is critical to examine mechanisms underlying pathophysiologic interactions between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and opioids in central nervous system (CNS). Recent advances experimental models, methodology, our understanding of disease processes at molecular cellular levels reveal opioid-HIV with increasing clarity. However, despite substantial new insight, unique impact on severity, progression, prognosis neuroHIV HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are not fully understood. In this review, we explore, detail, what currently known about HIV, emphasis individual HIV-1-expressed gene products molecular, systems levels. Furthermore, review preclinical clinical studies a focus key considerations when addressing questions whether interactive pathogenesis results structural or functional deficits seen either alone. These include, combined consequences HIV-1 genetic variants, host μ-opioid receptor (MOR) HIV chemokine co-receptor comorbidity. Lastly, present topics that need be considered future better understand contributions pathophysiology neuroHIV.
Language: Английский
Citations
31
Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15
Published: Jan. 7, 2025
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is a complex neurological complication resulting from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, affecting about 50% of individuals with HIV and significantly diminishing their quality life. HAND includes variety cognitive, motor, behavioral disorders, severely impacting patients' life social functioning. Although combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has greatly improved the prognosis for patients, incidence remains high, underscoring urgent need to better understand its pathological mechanisms develop early diagnostic methods. This review highlights latest advancements in neuroimaging exosome biomarkers research. Neuroimaging, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), offers non-invasive repeatable method monitor subtle changes brain structure function, potentially detecting signs HAND. Meanwhile, exosomes are nano-sized vesicles secreted by cells that serve as key mediators intercellular communication, playing crucial role neuropathology acting critical bridge between peripheral blood central nervous system lesions. Thus, combining plasma indicators derived scans may enhance diagnosis summarizes evidence supporting reliable detection management Furthermore, we emphasize correlation explore potential combined use. discusses technical challenges methodological limitations integrating these two types proposes future research directions. multidisciplinary integrative approach not only promises improve health patients but also offer valuable insights into other neurodegenerative diseases.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 17
Published: Feb. 18, 2025
Substance use disorders (SUD) and HIV-associated neurocognitive (HAND) work synergistically as a significant cause of cognitive decline in adults adolescents globally. Current therapies continue to be limited due difficulties crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) leading precision effectiveness, neurotoxicity, lack co-treatment options for both HAND SUD. Nanoparticle-based therapeutics have several advantages over conventional including more precise targeting, ability cross BBB, high biocompatibility which decreases toxicity optimizes sustainability. These extend other neurological such Alzheimer's disease (AD) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This review summarizes recent advances nanotechnology application HAND, SUD, co-treatment, well disorders. also highlights potential challenges these face clinical translation long-term safety.
Language: Английский
Citations
0