Enjeux de la prise en charge préhospitalière des polytraumatismes

Oxymag, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 38(200), P. 8 - 14

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

A Comprehensive Review of the Brain–Gut Microbiota System in Traumatic Brain Injury: Mechanisms, Outcomes, and Emerging Interventions

Indian Journal of Neurosurgery, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 2, 2025

Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has profound effects that extend beyond the brain, affecting other body systems via secondary pathways and leading to various complications, including gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction during after hospitalization. While advances in TBI management have improved overall outcomes, absence of effective treatments for these systemic highlights urgent need innovative therapeutic strategies. A critical aspect this context is brain–gut axis (BGA), a bidirectional communication network connecting GI system through complex neuronal, hormonal, immune pathways. results increased intestinal permeability hypercatabolic state bacterial translocation, dysregulation, septic multiorgan failure. These complications significantly heighten risk morbidity mortality patients. Emerging evidence suggests gut dysbiosis plays pivotal role post-TBI complications. The microbiome, diverse community commensal microorganisms, integral physiology, performing key functions such as metabolic regulation, maintaining barrier, modulating responses. Disruptions microbiota can exacerbate dysfunction, potentially severe outcomes. This review examines mechanisms underlying BGA following TBI, focusing on contributing dysregulation. Additionally, it discusses strategies aimed at mitigating dysbiosis. Potential interventions include approaches restore microbial balance, enhance barrier integrity, support modulation. By targeting areas, therapies may reduce improve patient

Language: Английский

Unravelling Secondary Brain Injury: Insights from a Human-Sized Porcine Model of Acute Subdural Haematoma

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 17 - 17

Published: Dec. 27, 2024

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains one of the leading causes death. Because individual nature trauma (brain, circumstances and forces), humans experience TBIs. This makes it difficult to generalise therapies. Clinical management issues such as whether intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebral perfusion (CPP) or decompressive craniectomy improve patient outcome remain partly unanswered. Experimental drug approaches for treatment secondary (SBI) have not found clinical application. The complex, cellular molecular pathways SBI incompletely understood, there are insufficient experimental (animal) models that reflect pathophysiology human TBI develop translational therapeutic approaches. Therefore, we investigated different patterns after acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) in a post-hoc approach assess impact on long-term, human-sized porcine animal model. Post-mortem tissue analysis, ASDH, bilateral ICP, CPP, oxygenation temperature monitoring, biomarker analysis were performed. Extracerebral, intraparenchymal–extraventricular intraventricular blood, combined with brainstem basal ganglia injury, influenced experiment its outcome. Basal affects duration experiment. Recognition these is important interpretation results this model TBI.

Language: Английский