Atmosphere,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12(6), P. 788 - 788
Published: June 19, 2021
In
the
context
of
outbreak
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19),
strict
lockdown
policies
were
implemented
to
control
nonessential
human
activities
in
Xi’an,
northwest
China,
which
greatly
limited
spread
pandemic
and
affected
air
quality.
Compared
with
pre-lockdown,
quality
index
concentrations
PM2.5,
PM10,
SO2,
CO
during
reduced,
but
reductions
not
very
significant.
NO2
levels
exhibited
largest
decrease
(52%)
lockdown,
owing
remarkable
decreased
motor
vehicle
emissions.
The
highest
K+
lowest
Ca2+
PM2.5
samples
could
be
attributed
increase
household
biomass
fuel
consumption
suburbs
rural
areas
around
Xi’an
physical
(e.g.,
travel,
emissions,
construction
activities),
respectively,
period.
Secondary
chemical
reactions
atmosphere
increased
period,
as
evidenced
by
O3
level
(increased
160%)
OC/EC
ratios
26%),
compared
pre-lockdown
levels.
results,
based
on
a
natural
experiment
this
study,
can
used
reference
for
studying
formation
source
pollution
provide
evidence
establishing
future
long-term
policies.
Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
100(10), P. 1924 - 1930
Published: July 13, 2021
Abstract
Introduction
Previous
evidence
has
been
conflicting
regarding
the
effect
of
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID‐19)
pandemic
lockdowns
on
obstetric
intervention
and
preterm
birth
rates.
The
literature
to
date
suggests
potentially
differential
underlying
mechanisms
based
country
economic
setting.
We
aimed
study
these
outcomes
in
an
Icelandic
population
where
uniform
lockdown
measures
were
implemented
across
country.
Material
methods
included
all
singleton
births
(
n
=
20
680)
during
2016–2020
identified
from
population‐based
Medical
Birth
Register.
defined
two
periods
March–May
October–December
2020
according
government
nationwide
lockdown.
compared
monthly
rates
cesarean
section,
induction
labor
with
same
time
4
previous
years
(2016–2019)
using
logit
binomial
regression
adjusted
for
confounders.
Results
Our
results
indicated
a
reduction
overall
section
rate,
which
was
mainly
evident
elective
both
first
(adjusted
odd
ratio
[aOR]
0.71,
95%
CI
0.51–0.99)
second
(aOR
0.72,
0.52–0.99)
periods,
not
emergency
section.
No
change
observed
labor.
also
suggested
rate
0.69,
0.49–0.97)
months
immediately
following
(June–September)
0.67,
0.49–0.89).
medically
(although
statistically
significant)
June–September
spontaneous
birth.
Conclusions
This
COVID‐19
lockdown,
possibly
reflecting
changes
prioritization
non‐urgent
health
care
found
but
further
research
is
needed
shed
light
findings.
Applied Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12(24), P. 12806 - 12806
Published: Dec. 13, 2022
The
goal
of
this
study
is
to
analyze
how
levels
air
pollution
changed
between
countries
with
their
restriction
policy
lockdown
cope
the
COVID-19
pandemic.
design
compares
average
changes
CO,
NO2,
SO2,
O3,
PM2.5
and
PM10
concentrations
based
on
measurements
at
ground
level
in
January,
February,
March
for
years
2019,
2020,
2021,
2022
(during
pandemic
crisis)
values
a
2015–2018
baseline
period
(ex-ante
pandemic)
300
cities
19
five
geoeconomic
regions.
Results
reveal
that
maximum
reduction
pollutant
given
by:
CO
(−4367.5%)
France,
NO2
(−150.5%)
China
Australia,
SO2
(−154.1%)
Israel,
O3
(−94.1%)
China,
(−41.4%)
Germany,
(−157.4%)
Turkey.
Findings
show
effects
policies
quality
vary
significantly
countries,
depending
different
geographical,
economic,
industrial
social
characteristics
countries.
These
results
clarify
critical
relationship
control
measures
crises
can
support
best
practices
environmental
pathways
sustainable
development.
Transport Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
44(2), P. 484 - 517
Published: June 19, 2023
This
study
analyses
the
relationship
between
Covid-19
and
air
pollutants
resulting
from
transportation
activities
by
addressing
two
research
questions.
First,
it
examines
quantitative
impacts
of
on
emissions/concentrations.
In
this
case,
results
are
dependent
temporal
horizon
political
measures
introduced
to
control
virus.
Greenhouse
gases
(GHGs)
nitrogen
oxides
(NOx)
exhibit
a
strong
correlation
with
reduced
road
traffic,
while
influence
other
criteria
(CO,
SO2,
PMx)
is
not
univocally
demonstrated.
Second,
specific
modes
(e.g.
transport),
systems
public
sectors
freight
transport).
The
generalised
decrease
in
emissions
consequence
travel
demand;
however,
true
for
sectors,
such
as
last-mile
delivery
or
private
flights,
which
show
an
increase
emissions.
Moreover,
unitary
values
register
most
cases,
indicating
reduction
environmental
effectiveness
due
modal
shift
towards
solutions
transport
occupancy
rates.
post-pandemic
world,
significant
issue
arises
when
demand
increases
but
share
less
responsive
returning
previous
levels.
Several
lines
stem
these
outcomes,
ranging
technical
issues
modelling
safety
perception
choice)
evaluation
curbing
mobility
adopting
fuel
regulations).
Another
promising
area
involves
exploring
combination
transport-related
drivers,
automation
alternative
fuels.
Additionally,
investigating
coherence
effects
long-term
decarbonisation
policies
important
direction.
