Cell Biochemistry and Function,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
43(1)
Published: Dec. 25, 2024
ABSTRACT
Autophagy
is
a
physiologically
regulated
cellular
process
orchestrated
by
autophagy‐related
genes
(ATGs)
that,
depending
on
the
tumor
type
and
stage,
can
either
promote
or
suppress
growth
progression.
It
also
modulate
cancer
stem
cell
maintenance
immune
responses.
Therefore,
targeted
manipulation
of
autophagy
may
inhibit
development
overcoming
tumor‐promoting
mechanisms.
The
inflammasome
another
multifunctional
bioprocess
that
induces
form
pro‐inflammatory
programmed
death,
called
pyroptosis.
Dysregulation
overactivation
has
been
implicated
in
pathogenesis
development.
Additionally,
NLRP3
removing
inflammatory
drivers.
Recent
research
suggests
inflammasome,
turn,
affects
autophagy.
Understanding
complex
interplay
between
inflammasomes
could
lead
to
more
precise
effective
strategies
for
treatments.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
impact
dysregulation
progression
suppression.
We
then
highlight
their
targeting
treatment
as
monotherapy
combination
with
other
therapies.
Furthermore,
discuss
interaction
inflammation
inflammasome.
Finally,
based
recent
findings,
review
potential
treatment.
Experimental Hematology and Oncology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Jan. 2, 2025
Abstract
Background
Due
to
the
lack
of
effective
treatment
options,
prognosis
patients
with
relapsed/refractory
acute
myeloid
leukemia
(R/R
AML)
remains
poor.
Although
chimeric
antigen
receptor
(CAR)-T-cell
therapy
has
shown
promising
effects
in
lymphoblastic
(ALL)
and
lymphoma,
its
application
R/R
AML
is
limited
by
“off-target”
effects,
which
lead
severe
bone
marrow
suppression
limit
clinical
application.
CAR-natural
killer
(NK)
cells
not
only
exhibit
antitumor
but
also
demonstrate
increased
safety
universality.
We
have
developed
a
new
CAR
construct
that
targets
CD33
modified
NK
cells,
specifically
eliminating
while
reducing
side
on
stem
cells.
Methods
The
CD33-targeting
domain
was
selected
CAR-T
this
optimized
subsequently
transduced
into
umbilical
cord-derived
via
retroviral
vector.
Preclinical
efficacy
studies
were
conducted
both
vitro
vivo.
Ten
eligible
aged
18–65
years
who
received
one
or
more
infusions
anti-CD33
CAR-NK
following
preconditioning
regimen
enrolled.
assessed
response
rates
treatment-related
post-infusion,
documenting
long-term
therapy.
Results
sequence
basis
CAR-T-cell
demonstrated
comparable
showed
toxicity
hematopoietic
(HSCs).
patients,
median
five
prior
lines
treatment,
completed
evaluation
(range,
3–8).
No
grade
3–4
adverse
events
observed,
except
suppression,
relieved
within
month.
cases
immune
effector
cell–associated
neurotoxicity
syndrome
(ICANS)
graft-versus-host
disease
(GVHD)
reported
cell
infusion.
Only
patient
experienced
2
cytokine
release
(CRS)
presented
persistent
fever.
By
day
28,
six
ten
had
achieved
minimal
residual
(MRD)-negative
complete
remission.
Conclusions
Our
preclinical
data
primary
for
AML.
Expanded
samples
longer
follow-up
periods
are
needed
provide
further
data.
Trial
registration
NCT05008575
(
https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05008575
).
Frontiers in Endocrinology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Feb. 11, 2025
Endocrine
malignancies
constitute
a
heterogeneous
tumour
group
with
diverse
biological
characteristics.
While
typically
indolent,
they
encompass
aggressive
types
and
presence
of
any
metastatic
sign
indicates
high
probability
recurrence
diminished
response
to
conventional
therapies.
Chimeric
antigen
receptor
(CAR)-T
cell
immunotherapy
has
constituted
revolutionary
advance
in
cancer
treatment
exhibited
significant
potential
for
application
endocrine
cancer.
However,
limited
effectiveness
was
displayed
clinical
application,
which
necessitates
the
exploration
novel
modalities.
Identification
specific
safe
targets
is
initial
stage
towards
establishing
successful
CAR-T
treatment.
Various
therapies
under
investigation
offer
enhancements
CAR
T
efficacy
through
mechanisms.
Herein,
we
summarize
recent
advances
identifying
therapy
provide
an
overview
combinatorial
approaches.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Feb. 21, 2025
Chimeric
antigen
receptor-engineered
T
cell
therapies
(CAR-T)
are
becoming
powerful
immunotherapeutic
tools
for
treating
malignancies,
especially
hematological
malignancies.
Like
other
biological
drugs,
CAR-T
products
can
trigger
unwanted
immune
responses
in
patients
receiving
the
treatment.
This
might
lead
to
treatment
failure
or
life-threatening
consequences.
immunogenicity
could
also
affect
cells'
cellular
kinetics
and
clinical
responses.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
of
biologics
their
effects
on
PK/PD
profiles,
safety,
efficacy.
We
introduce
mechanisms
induced
by
cells
evidence
currently
FDA-approved
products.
Particularly,
available
data
from
each
product's
trials,
assays,
sample
types,
preclinical
efficacy
models,
which
were
retrieved
FDA
EMA
websites.
discuss
a
model
that
is
promising
evaluating
immunogenicity.
Cancer Letters,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
600, P. 217185 - 217185
Published: Aug. 12, 2024
Glioblastoma,
a
highly
malignant
intracranial
tumor,
has
acquired
slow
progress
in
treatment.
Previous
clinical
trials
involving
targeted
therapy
and
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
have
shown
no
significant
benefits
treating
glioblastoma.
This
ineffectiveness
is
largely
due
to
the
complex
immunosuppressive
environment
of
Glioblastoma
cells
exhibit
low
immunogenicity
strong
heterogeneity
microenvironment
replete
with
inhibitory
cytokines,
numerous
cells,
insufficient
effective
T
cells.
Fortunately,
recent
Phase
I
CART
for
glioblastoma
confirmed
its
safety,
small
subset
patients
achieving
survival
benefits.
However,
continues
face
challenges,
including
blood-brain
barrier
obstruction,
antigen
loss,
an
tumor
(TME).
article
provides
detailed
examination
glioblastoma's
microenvironment,
both
from
intrinsic
extrinsic
cell
factors,
reviews
current
basic
research
on
multi-targets
treatment,
concludes
by
outlining
key
challenges
using
therapy.
