Molecular Cancer,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
24(1)
Published: Jan. 15, 2025
The
polymorphic
microbiome
is
considered
a
new
hallmark
of
cancer.
Advances
in
High-Throughput
Sequencing
have
fostered
rapid
developments
research.
interaction
between
cancer
cells,
immune
and
microbiota
defined
as
the
immuno-oncology
(IOM)
axis.
Fungal
microbes
(the
mycobiome),
although
representing
only
∼
0.1-1%
microbiome,
are
critical
immunologically
active
component
tumor
microbiome.
Accumulating
evidence
suggests
possible
involvement
commensal
pathogenic
fungi
initiation,
progression,
treatment
responsiveness.
tumor-associated
mycobiome
mainly
consists
gut
mycobiome,
oral
intratumoral
mycobiome.
However,
role
remains
poorly
understood,
diversity
complexity
analytical
methods
make
it
challenging
to
access
this
field.
This
review
aims
elucidate
causal
complicit
roles
development
progression
while
highlighting
issues
that
need
be
addressed
executing
such
We
systematically
summarize
advantages
limitations
current
fungal
detection
analysis
methods.
enumerate
integrate
these
recent
findings
into
our
understanding
accompanied
by
prospect
novel
exhilarating
clinical
implications.
Cell,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
185(20), P. 3789 - 3806.e17
Published: Sept. 1, 2022
Cancer-microbe
associations
have
been
explored
for
centuries,
but
cancer-associated
fungi
rarely
examined.
Here,
we
comprehensively
characterize
the
cancer
mycobiome
within
17,401
patient
tissue,
blood,
and
plasma
samples
across
35
types
in
four
independent
cohorts.
We
report
fungal
DNA
cells
at
low
abundances
many
major
human
cancers,
with
differences
community
compositions
that
differ
among
types,
even
when
accounting
technical
background.
Fungal
histological
staining
of
tissue
microarrays
supported
intratumoral
presence
frequent
spatial
association
macrophages.
Comparing
communities
matched
bacteriomes
immunomes
revealed
co-occurring
bi-domain
ecologies,
often
permissive,
rather
than
competitive,
microenvironments
distinct
immune
responses.
Clinically
focused
assessments
suggested
prognostic
diagnostic
capacities
mycobiomes,
stage
I
synergistic
predictive
performance
bacteriomes.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: Jan. 16, 2023
Abstract
Microorganisms,
including
bacteria,
viruses,
fungi,
and
other
eukaryotes,
play
critical
roles
in
human
health.
An
altered
microbiome
can
be
associated
with
complex
diseases.
Intratumoral
microbial
components
are
found
multiple
tumor
tissues
closely
correlated
cancer
initiation
development
therapy
efficacy.
The
intratumoral
microbiota
may
contribute
to
promotion
of
the
progression
cancers
by
DNA
mutations,
activating
carcinogenic
pathways,
promoting
chronic
inflammation,
complement
system,
initiating
metastasis.
Moreover,
not
only
enhance
antitumor
immunity
via
mechanisms
STING
signaling
activation,
T
NK
cell
TLS
production,
microbiota-derived
antigen
presenting,
but
also
decrease
immune
responses
promote
through
pathways
upregulation
ROS,
an
anti-inflammatory
environment,
inactivation,
immunosuppression.
effect
on
is
dependent
composition,
crosstalk
between
cancer,
status
cancers.
regulate
physiology
response
different
β-catenin,
TLR,
ERK,
NF-κB,
STING,
among
others.
These
viewpoints
help
identify
as
diagnosis
or
prognosis
evaluation
cancers,
new
therapeutic
strategy
potential
targets
for
therapy.
Gut,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
71(7), P. 1412 - 1425
Published: March 11, 2022
Despite
the
promising
advances
in
novel
cancer
therapy
such
as
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs),
limitations
including
therapeutic
resistance
and
toxicity
remain.
In
recent
years,
relationship
between
gut
microbiota
has
been
extensively
studied.
Accumulating
evidence
reveals
role
of
defining
efficacy
toxicity.
Unlike
host
genetics,
can
be
easily
modified
via
multiple
strategies,
faecal
transplantation
(FMT),
probiotics
antibiotics.
Preclinical
studies
have
identified
mechanisms
on
how
microbes
influence
treatment
outcomes.
Clinical
trials
also
demonstrated
potential
modulation
treatments.
Herein,
we
review
mechanistic
insights
microbial
interactions
with
chemotherapy
ICIs,
particularly
focusing
interplay
bacteria
pharmacokinetics
(eg,
metabolism,
enzymatic
degradation)
or
pharmacodynamics
immunomodulation)
treatment.
The
translational
basic
findings
clinical
settings
is
then
explored,
using
predictive
biomarkers
by
antibiotics,
probiotics,
prebiotics,
dietary
modulations
FMT.
We
further
discuss
current
patients
suggest
essential
directions
for
future
study.
era
personalised
medicine,
it
crucial
to
understand
its
cancer.
Manipulating
augment
responses
provide
new
into
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: May 13, 2023
Abstract
In
the
past
period,
due
to
rapid
development
of
next-generation
sequencing
technology,
accumulating
evidence
has
clarified
complex
role
human
microbiota
in
cancer
and
therapeutic
response.
More
importantly,
available
seems
indicate
that
modulating
composition
gut
improve
efficacy
anti-cancer
drugs
may
be
feasible.
However,
intricate
complexities
exist,
a
deep
comprehensive
understanding
how
interacts
with
is
critical
realize
its
full
potential
treatment.
The
purpose
this
review
summarize
initial
clues
on
molecular
mechanisms
regarding
mutual
effects
between
development,
highlight
relationship
microbes
immunotherapy,
chemotherapy,
radiation
therapy
surgery,
which
provide
insights
into
formulation
individualized
strategies
for
management.
addition,
current
emerging
microbial
interventions
as
well
their
clinical
applications
are
summarized.
Although
many
challenges
remain
now,
great
importance
cannot
overstated
strategies,
it
necessary
explore
holistic
approach
incorporates
modulation
cancer.
