Advancements in tissue engineering for cardiovascular health: a biomedical engineering perspective

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: May 31, 2024

Myocardial infarction (MI) stands as a prominent contributor to global cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rates. Acute MI (AMI) can result in the loss of large number cardiomyocytes (CMs), which adult heart struggles replenish due its limited regenerative capacity. Consequently, this deficit CMs often precipitates severe complications such failure (HF), with whole transplantation remaining sole definitive treatment option, albeit constrained by inherent limitations. In response these challenges, integration bio-functional materials within cardiac tissue engineering has emerged groundbreaking approach significant potential for replacement. Bioengineering strategies entail fortifying or substituting biological tissues through orchestrated interplay cells, methodologies, and innovative materials. Biomaterial scaffolds, crucial paradigm, provide essential microenvironment conducive assembly functional encapsulating contracting cells. Indeed, field witnessed remarkable strides, largely owing application biomaterial scaffolds. However, complexities persist, necessitating further exploration innovation. This review delves into pivotal role scaffolds engineering, shedding light on their utilization, challenges encountered, promising avenues future advancement. By critically examining current landscape, we aim catalyze progress toward more effective solutions regeneration ultimately, improved outcomes patients grappling ailments.

Language: Английский

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A Novel Deep Learning Approach for Accurate Cancer Type and Subtype Identification

IEEE Access, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12, P. 94116 - 94134

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Cancer is a disease where abnormal cells grow uncontrollably and spread to other body parts. It can originate anywhere in the human body, which consists of trillions cells. These continually divide, replenishing body's needs. As age or sustain damage, they naturally undergo apoptosis, allowing new take their place. Our research uses secondary dataset from Kaggle, comprising over 130,000 images representing various cancer types. We have developed novel Deep-learning model capable detecting classifying at early stages with remarkable accuracy. The classifies eight primary types 26 subtypes, each represented by 5,000 images. approach combines computational tools, including pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks, Machine learning, Deep learning classifiers such as KNN SVM, innovative multimodal architectures merged CNN-LSTM hybrids. applied two distinct classification strategies. In our first approach, main class subclass are classified together. second predicts classes then subclasses concerning classification, achieved higher accuracy for Lymphoma than CNNs. Finally, X-OR gate-based fusion technique after prediction significantly reduces misclassifications enhances certainty findings reveal great levels 99.25% classifications 97.80% classifications. introduction models, Vception (VGG + Inception) Vmobilnet MobileNet), integrated LSTM, further advances diagnostic capabilities. Again, By utilizing an gate post-prediction Vmobilenet we 99.95% 99.13%, boosting confidence. Moreover, individually, 97.14% using PCA. This study not only sets benchmark detection but also promises improve patient care treatment outcomes significantly.

Language: Английский

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Rheological Characterization and Printability of Sodium Alginate–Gelatin Hydrogel for 3D Cultures and Bioprinting

Biomimetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 28 - 28

Published: Jan. 4, 2025

The development of biocompatible hydrogels for 3D bioprinting is essential creating functional tissue models and advancing preclinical drug testing. This study investigates the formulation, printability, mechanical properties, biocompatibility a novel Alg-Gel hydrogel blend (alginate gelatin) use in extrusion-based bioprinting. A range compositions were evaluated their rheological behavior, including shear-thinning storage modulus, compressive which are crucial maintaining structural integrity during printing supporting cell viability. printability assessment 7% alginate-8% gelatin demonstrated that 27T tapered needle achieved highest normalized Printability Index (POInormalized = 1), offering narrowest strand width (0.56 ± 0.02 mm) accuracy (97.2%) at lowest pressure (30 psi). In contrast, 30R needle, with smallest inner diameter (0.152 (80 psi), resulted widest (0.70 0.01 (88.8%), resulting POInormalized 0.274. 30T 27R needles moderate performance, values 0.758 0.558, respectively. optimized alginate 8% favorable strength, compatibility MDA-MB-213 breast cancer cells, exhibiting high proliferation rates minimal cytotoxicity over 2-week culture period. formulation offers balanced approach, providing sufficient viscosity precision while minimizing shear stress to preserve health. work lays groundwork future advancements bioprinted models, contributing more effective tools screening personalized medicine.

Language: Английский

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Advancing Cancer Drug Delivery with Nanoparticles: Challenges and Prospects in Mathematical Modeling for In Vivo and In Vitro Systems

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 198 - 198

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Mathematical models are crucial for predicting the behavior of drug conjugate nanoparticles and optimizing delivery systems in cancer therapy. These simulate interactions among nanoparticle properties, tumor characteristics, physiological conditions, including resistance targeting specificity. However, they often rely on assumptions that may not accurately reflect vivo conditions. In vitro studies, while useful, fully capture complexities environment, leading to an overestimation nanoparticle-based therapy effectiveness. Advancements mathematical modeling, supported by preclinical data artificial intelligence, vital refining therapies improving their translation into effective clinical treatments.

Language: Английский

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CD-44 targeted nanoparticles for combination therapy in an in vitro model of triple-negative breast cancer: targeting the tumour inside out

Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 249, P. 114504 - 114504

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of defined by the lack three key receptors: estrogen, progesterone, and HER2. This receptors makes TNBC difficult to treat with hormone therapy or drugs, so it characterised a poor prognosis compared other kinds cancer. study explores photoactive Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles as potential therapeutic strategy for TNBC. The are functionalised hyaluronic acid (HA) targeted delivery CD-44 overexpressed in cells, especially under hypoxic conditions. Additionally, we co-loaded Doxorubicin (Dox) Indocyanine Green (ICG) enable combinatorial chemo-photothermal therapy. After carefully optimising formulation, propose effortless reproducible preparation nanodrugs. We demonstrate that HA-conjugated effectively target cells inhibit their proliferation while treatment efficiency enhanced during near-infrared light irradiation. also prove our effective 3D cell culture model, highlighting importance tumour architecture metabolic stage microenvironment. approach promising tumour-targeted theragnostic improved efficacy microenvironments.

Language: Английский

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Crafting a Molecular Trojan Horse: Sialic Acid-Modified PLGA Nanoparticles for Targeted Lung Cancer Therapy

Molecular Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

The glycan receptors prominently expressed on the surface of lung cancer cells offers promising targets for drug delivery. prepared gemcitabine (GB)-loaded PLGA-NPs and sialic acid (Siac)-modified exhibited a uniform polydispersity index (PDI) value below 0.3, particle size under 200 nm, negative zeta potentials ranging from −17.45 to −21.45 mV. Entrapment efficiency (% EE) loading values exceeded 70% 8%, respectively. SEM TEM showed that particles were uniformly dispersed with spherical shape. FTIR, XRD, TGA, DSC analyses indicated physiochemical stability within nanoformulations. Controlled (26.92 31.64% 24 h at pH 7.4) pH-sensitive (36.80 40.25% 5.5) GB release observed different formulations PLGA-NPs. MTT cytotoxicity assay revealed IC50 control, GB-PLGA-NPs, GB-PLGA-Siac-NPs as 13.65 ± 1.20, 8.14 1.24, 4.16 1.05 μg/mL, Co6-GB-PLGA-Siac-NPs significantly higher cellular uptake than Co6-GB control (p < 0.001) Co6-GB-PLGA-NPs 0.01) Pharmacokinetic profiles AUC (ng·h/mL) (8355.07 2006.45) compared GB-PLGA-NPs (6145.58 969.25) (1510.72 81.08), resulting in bioavailability GB-PLGA-Siac-NPs. Biodistribution studies confirmed superior localization DiD-GB-PLGA-Siac-NPs, by radiant signal B[a]P induced cancerous tissues relative DiD-GB-PLGA-NPs after 1 0.001), 4 0.01), 12 which could be attributed their ability target glycans. In vivo anticancer efficacy B[a]P-induced mice model depicted effectively inhibited reduced systemic toxicity, evidenced average number cells, body weight values, survival analysis, biochemical parameters associated organs (such liver kidney), histopathological analysis. Therefore, GB-loaded Siac-coated PLGA nanoparticles serve an efficient vehicle delivery via targeting therapy.

Language: Английский

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Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Bortezomib: Enhanced Antitumor Efficacy and Tumor Accumulation in Breast Cancer Therapy

Molecular Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 14, 2025

Nanoparticle albumin-bound (NAB) formulations are emerging as a viable strategy for the intravenous delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs. This study aims to improve therapeutic profile Bortezomib (BTZ), addressing its low solubility and significant systemic toxicity through development NAB-BTZ nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited an average size 296.47 ± 10 nm high drug encapsulation efficiency 75%, loading 10%. displayed controlled, pH-sensitive release profile, with 59% at pH 5.4 (mimicking tumor environments) 46% 7.4 after 12 h. In vitro assays demonstrated that significantly reduced viability 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells in dose- time-dependent manner, increasing late apoptosis from 6% 54% 48 h, compared 24% free BTZ. At molecular level, induced by upregulating p53 Bax, downregulating Bcl-2, activating caspases 3 7. vivo tests murine breast cancer model showed substantially inhibited growth, achieving volume 916 mm3 day 31 versus 1400 BTZ, leading improved survival rate 100% 83% BTZ group. Technetium-99m (99mTc) labeling SPECT imaging confirmed enhanced targeting capability, showing preferential accumulation sites These findings suggest not only improves antitumor efficacy but also enhances safety underscoring clinical potential therapy.

Language: Английский

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Liposome-assisted combination chemotherapy improves the anti-proliferation and anti-angiogenesis response of cisplatin in breast cancer; experimental and computational study

Journal of Chemotherapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 18

Published: April 15, 2025

AbstractCombination chemotherapy using liposomes offers a promising approach to overcome resistance and minimize side effects in breast cancer treatment. This study explores the synergistic of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) cinnamaldehyde (CA) combined with cisplatin (CPT) MDA-MB-231 cells. The liposomal formulation, CPT_ATRA_CA, significantly reduced cell proliferation 25.9 ± 2.8% compared controls effectively inhibited angiogenesis. Additionally, it induced apoptosis, as demonstrated by flow cytometry, DAPI staining, an elevated Bax/Bcl-2 gene expression ratio. Computational analysis via molecular docking dynamics simulation revealed that ATRA exhibited highest binding affinity for angiogenin (ANG) energy -106.072 kcal/mol. Experimental results, corroborated computational data, highlight potent anti-tumor this drug trio. These findings suggest delivery ATRA, CA, CPT could enhance therapeutic outcomes targeting multiple pathways synergistically.

Language: Английский

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SERS-based microfluidic sensor for sensitive detection of circulating tumor markers: A critical review

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 523, P. 216289 - 216289

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Biomimetic drug delivery for anticancer: Focusing on the relationship between drugs and biomimetic carriers

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 524, P. 216328 - 216328

Published: Nov. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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