Folic Acid Alleviates Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress in Bovine Placental Trophoblast Cells by Regulating the NRF2/mTOR Signaling Pathway

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(6), P. 2818 - 2818

Published: March 20, 2025

As one of the important components placental structure, integrity trophoblast cells is crucial for function. When oxidative stress continues to act on cells, it can cause changes in structure and Research has shown that folic acid (FA) a certain alleviating effect functional damage caused by stress, but mechanism action still unclear. Therefore, this study focuses bovine (BPTCs) explore effects mechanisms which FA regulates with aim providing theoretical foundation improving reproductive performance cows. The results show that, compared H2O2 group, FA+ group showed an increase cell proliferation index (PI), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), catalase (CAT) mRNA expression total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) while content reactive oxygen species (ROS) decreased. In addition, tight junction factors, nutrient transporters, mammalian rapamycin (mTOR) its downstream nuclear factor erythroid 2-related (NRF2) factors increased, protein abundance NRF2 After treatment inhibitor ML385, was found protective H2O2-induced cellular alleviated. These indicate regulate NRF2/mTOR signaling pathway, promote alleviate barrier transport function BPTCs stress.

Language: Английский

Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transitions Leading to Conceptus Adhesion in Ruminants: Early Pregnancy Events in Cattle

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 3772 - 3772

Published: April 16, 2025

Trophoblast–endometrium interactions play a critical role in the processes of conceptus elongation, attachment, and adhesion, followed by placental development during early pregnancy ruminants. The attachment between uterine epithelium trophoblast cells, which is epithelial nature, requires to mesenchymal transition (EMT), where fetal trophoblasts come into contact with maternal cells without fully invading tissues. Understanding developmental period driving EMT utero ruminants fundamental improving fertility through prevention failure enhancing overall reproductive efficiency livestock. This review highlights key events necessary for progress properly towards firm adhesion endometrium, focusing on trophoblast–endometrium interactions. field holds potential elucidate molecular cellular mechanisms associated endometrium leading reduced embryonic losses enhanced economic sustainability developing effective management strategies.

Language: Английский

Defining Cellular Diversity at the Swine Maternal-Fetal Interface Using Spatial Transcriptomics and Organoids

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 22, 2024

ABSTRACT The placenta is a dynamic, embryo-derived organ essential for fetal growth and development. While all eutherian mammals have placentas composed of fetal-derived trophoblasts that mediate maternal-fetal exchange, their anatomical histological structures vary across species due to evolutionary divergence. Despite the cellular heterogeneity porcine in vivo , understanding mechanisms driving placental development has been limited by lack vitro models replicating this heterogeneity. In study, we derived swine trophoblast organoids (sTOs) from full-term placentas, retaining key transcriptional signatures trophoblasts. To identify conserved cell populations, integrated Visium spatial transcriptomics mid-gestation with single-cell sTOs. Spatial revealed novel markers uterus placenta, enabling precise separation at interface. integration tissue sTO showed sTOs spontaneously differentiate into distinct gene expression communication programs. These findings demonstrate recapitulate offering powerful model advancing placentation research. Our work also provides spatially resolved whole-transcriptome dataset interface, opening new avenues discoveries development, evolution, health mammals.

Language: Английский