Spartin-mediated lipid transfer facilitates lipid droplet turnover DOI Creative Commons
Neng Wan, Zhouping Hong, Matthew AH Parson

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 29, 2023

Abstract Lipid droplets (LDs) are organelles critical for energy storage and membrane lipid homeostasis, whose number size carefully regulated in response to cellular conditions. The molecular mechanisms underlying droplet biogenesis degradation, however, not well understood. Troyer syndrome protein spartin (SPG20) supports LD delivery autophagosomes turnover via lipophagy. Here, we characterize as a transfer ability is required degradation. Spartin co-purifies with phospholipids neutral lipids from cells transfers vitro its senescence domain. A domain truncation that impairs also while affecting association either LDs or autophagosomes, supporting spartin’s physiologically relevant. Our data indicate role spartin-mediated turnover. Significance was proposed function lipophagy receptor delivers droplets, key We identify an additional show including by support protein-mediated plays Moreover, have discovered new transport module likely features still undiscovered aspects of biology homeostasis.

Language: Английский

Lipid droplets and cellular lipid flux DOI

Alyssa J. Mathiowetz,

James A. Olzmann

Nature Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 331 - 345

Published: March 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

87
Spartin-mediated lipid transfer facilitates lipid droplet turnover DOI
Neng Wan, Zhouping Hong, Matthew AH Parson

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(3)

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Lipid droplets (LDs) are organelles critical for energy storage and membrane lipid homeostasis, whose number size carefully regulated in response to cellular conditions. The molecular mechanisms underlying droplet biogenesis degradation, however, not well understood. Troyer syndrome protein spartin (SPG20) supports LD delivery autophagosomes turnover via lipophagy. Here, we characterize as a transfer ability is required degradation. Spartin copurifies with phospholipids neutral lipids from cells transfers vitro its senescence domain. A domain truncation that impairs also while affecting association either LDs or autophagosomes, supporting spartin's physiologically relevant. Our data indicate role spartin-mediated turnover.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Lipid Droplets Big and Small: Basic Mechanisms That Make Them All DOI
Robin W. Klemm, Pedro Carvalho

Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(1), P. 143 - 168

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

Lipid droplets (LDs) are dynamic storage organelles with central roles in lipid and energy metabolism. They consist of a core neutral lipids, such as triacylglycerol, which is surrounded by monolayer phospholipids specialized surface proteins. The composition determines many the LD properties, size, subcellular distribution, interaction partner organelles. Considering diverse energetic metabolic demands various cell types, it not surprising that LDs highly heterogeneous within between types. Despite their diversity, all share common biogenesis mechanism. However, adipocytes have evolved specific adaptations these basic mechanisms, enabling regulation metabolism at both cellular organismal levels. Here, we discuss recent advances understanding general mechanisms adipocyte-specific controlling fascinating

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Polarization Gratings Aided Common‐Path Hilbert Holotomography for Label‐Free Lipid Droplets Content Assay DOI
Piotr Zdańkowski, Julianna Winnik, Mikołaj Rogalski

et al.

Laser & Photonics Review, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 13, 2025

Abstract In this contribution a novel polarization gratings aided common‐path Hilbert holotomography (CP‐HHT) is presented for label‐free 3D refractive index imaging. Addressing limitations in current methods, the extended space‐bandwidth product leveraged through robust phase demodulation using spiral transform. The application of diffraction system enables fully tailored holographic settings such as fringe density and shear, allowing flexible hologram demodulation, while maintaining simplicity robustness. performance tested 3D‐printed (fabricated with two‐photon polymerization) brain phantom fixed HeLa cells supplemented cholesterol oleic acids. Reconstruction analysis indicates that method provides improved spatial resolution to Fourier transform significantly expanded measurement information content. This CP‐HHT approach demonstrates unique (not possible by fluorescence) ability measure lipid droplets enriched acid highlights they exhibit measurable differences their values. These findings suggest sensitive variations neutral content, offering promising insights into droplet heterogeneity supporting its potential sub‐cellular bioimaging applications, thus reinforcing versatility applicability broader applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Roles of plastoglobules and lipid droplets in leaf neutral lipid accumulation during senescence and nitrogen deprivation DOI
Denis Coulon, Houda Nacir,

Delphine Bahammou

et al.

Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 75(20), P. 6542 - 6562

Published: July 12, 2024

Abstract Upon abiotic stress or senescence, the size and/or abundance of plastid-localized plastoglobules and cytosolic lipid droplets, both compartments devoted to neutral storage, increase in leaves. Meanwhile, plant metabolism is also perturbed, notably with degradation thylakoidal monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) accumulation lipids. Although these mechanisms are probably linked, they have never been jointly studied, respective roles droplets response totally unknown. To address this question, we determined compared glycerolipid composition plastoglobules, followed their formation nitrogen starvation, studied kinetics Arabidopsis Our results demonstrated that preferentially store phytyl-esters, while triacylglycerols (TAGs) steryl-esters accumulated within droplets. Thanks a pulse–chase labeling approach analyses fatty acid desaturase 2 (fad2) mutant, showed MGDG-derived C18:3 acids were exported C16:3 stored plastoglobules. The export lipids from plastids was facilitated by physical contact occurring between organelles, as our electron tomography study. transient, suggesting stress-induced TAGs remobilized during recovery phase mechanism remains be explored.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
A high-resolution 13C NMR approach for profiling fatty acid unsaturation in lipid extracts and in live C. elegans DOI Creative Commons

Bruno Hernández Cravero,

Gastón Prez,

Verónica A. Lombardo

et al.

Journal of Lipid Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 65(9), P. 100618 - 100618

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Two Polarity-Sensitive Fluorescent Probes Based on Curcumin Analogs for Visualizing Polarity Changes in Lipid Droplets DOI Creative Commons

Lin Shan,

Xuewei Li, Xiuli Zheng

et al.

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(18), P. 6626 - 6626

Published: Sept. 14, 2023

As a class of highly dynamic organelles, lipid droplets (LDs) are involved in numerous physiological functions, and the changes polarity LDs closely related to variety diseases. In this work, we developed two polarity-sensitive fluorescent probes (CC-CH CC-Cl) based on curcumin analogs. CC-CH CC-Cl with donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) structure exhibited property intramolecular charge transfer (ICT); thus, their fluorescence emissions were significantly attenuated increasing ambient polarity. Cell experiments indicated that showed excellent photostability, low cytotoxicity, superior targeting ability regarding LDs. After treatment oleic acid (OA) methyl-β-cyclodextrin (M-β-CD), living cells could be visualized by using CC-Cl. addition, monitor different pathological processes, including inflammatory responses, nutrient deprivation, H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Therefore, promising potential for tracking intracellular LD changes.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Surface tension–driven sorting of human perilipins on lipid droplets DOI Creative Commons
Ana Rita Dias Araújo,

Abdoul Akim Bello,

Joëlle Bigay

et al.

The Journal of Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 223(12)

Published: Sept. 19, 2024

Perilipins (PLINs), the most abundant proteins on lipid droplets (LDs), display similar domain organization including amphipathic helices (AH). However, five human PLINs bind different LDs, suggesting modes of interaction. We established a minimal system whereby artificial LDs covered with defined polar lipids were transiently deformed to promote surface tension. Binding purified PLIN3 and PLIN4 AH was strongly facilitated by tension but poorly sensitive phospholipid composition presence diacylglycerol. Accordingly, LD coverage increased as decreased. In contrast, PLIN1 bound readily fully phospholipids; PLIN2 showed an intermediate behavior between PLIN3. adipocytes, PLIN3/4 found in soluble pool relocated upon stimulation fast triglyceride synthesis, whereas localized pre-existing consistent large difference avidity observed vitro. conclude that PLIN repertoire is adapted handling properties.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Spartin is a Lipid Transfer Protein That Facilitates Lipid Droplet Turnover DOI Creative Commons

Yaoyang Zhong,

Tim P. Levine

Contact, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

One means by which cells reutilize neutral lipids stored in lipid droplets is to degrade them autophagy. This process involves spartin, mutations of cause the rare inherited disorder Troyer syndrome (or spastic paraplegia-20, SPG20). A recently published paper from team led Karin Reinsich (Yale) suggests that molecular function spartin and its unique highly conserved “senescence” domain as a transfer protein. Spartin binds transfers all species found droplets, phospholipids triglycerides sterol esters. activity correlates with spartin's ability sustain droplet turnover. The senescence poses an intriguing question around wide range cargoes, but intriguingly it has yet yield up secrets because attempts at crystallization failed AlphaFold's prediction unconvincing.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Lipid droplets in steatotic liver disease DOI
Josh Bilson, Eleonora Scorletti

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(2), P. 91 - 97

Published: Nov. 15, 2023

This review aims to discuss the most recent evidence exploring role of lipid droplets in steatotic liver disease (SLD). We highlight breadth mechanisms by which may contribute progression SLD with a particular focus on as inducers mechanical stress within hepatocytes and genetic mutations droplet associated proteins. Finally, this provides an update clinical trials therapeutic potential strategies targeting droplets.

Language: Английский

Citations

3