Swimming ability and flagellar motility of sperm packets of the volvocine green alga Pleodorina starrii DOI Creative Commons
Azusa Kage, Kohei Takahashi, Hisayoshi Nozaki

et al.

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(7), P. e0287561 - e0287561

Published: July 18, 2024

Eukaryotic flagella collectively form metachronal waves that facilitate the ability to cause flow or swim. Among such flagellated and planktonic swimmers, large volvocine genera as Eudorina , Pleodorina Volvox bundles of small male gametes (sperm) called “sperm packets” for sexual reproduction. Although these sperm packets reportedly have swim, previous studies on motility focused asexual forms swimming characteristics remain unknown. However, it is important quantify in order gain insights into significance reproduction algae. In this study, we quantitatively described behavior three a strain starrii —asexual colonies, packets, single dissociated sperm—with emphasis comparison two multicellular forms. Despite being smaller, swam approximately 1.4 times faster than colonies same strain. Body length was 0.5 smaller colonies. The from showed asymmetric waveforms, whereas those symmetric suggesting presence switching mechanism between sperm. Flagella were shorter had beat period twice long densely distributed over anterior part body, sparse evenly distributed. distribution flagella, but not number appear illustrate significant difference speeds Our findings reveal novel aspects regulation eukaryotic shed light role flagellar

Language: Английский

Computational fluid–structure interaction in biology and soft robots: A review DOI
R. Pramanik, Roel Verstappen, Patrick R. Onck

et al.

Physics of Fluids, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

The omnipresence of fluid–structure interaction (FSI) in biological systems is indisputable—from the vibration leaves to locomotion fish, flying birds, and cardiovascular biomechanics; FSI indeed ubiquitous. Even stimuli-responsive soft robots that typically operate inside a fluid medium, these physical interactions are prevalent. Therefore, it becomes mandatory have thorough understanding their fully coupled physics involving strong two-way between solid domains. Although state-of-the-art computational frameworks robust numerical techniques been developed study complex mechanisms associated nonlinearities multiple spatiotemporal scales, we believe timely review current development, emerging techniques, future challenges would further stimulate research along this direction. explore broad landscape myriad avenues herald emphasizing manifold occurrences biology advanced robotic technologies, while underlining plethora adopted fundamental phenomena.

Language: Английский

Citations

5

Synchronization and metachronal waves of elastic cilia caused by unsteady viscous flow DOI Creative Commons
Albert von Kenne, Sonja Schmelter, Holger Stark

et al.

Physical Review Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Hydrodynamic coordination of cilia is ubiquitous in biology. It commonly modeled using the steady Stokes equations. The flow around ciliated cells, however, exhibits finite-time vorticity diffusion, requiring a dynamical description. We present model elastic coupled by unsteady viscous bulk fluid. Therein, diffusion impacts qualitatively and quantitatively. In particular, pairs synchronize antiphase for long times. Moreover, metachronal waves occur chains larger than penetration depth, whereas global synchronization occurs flow. Published American Physical Society 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0

Cilia beating misalignment, immotility or death pathologically affect the efficiency of mucus-clearance DOI Creative Commons
Émeline Laborie, Simone Melchionna, Fabio Sterpone

et al.

Communications Physics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: March 19, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0

Near-field hydrodynamic interactions determine travelling wave directions of collectively beating cilia DOI
Ziqi Cheng, Andrej Vilfan, Yanting Wang

et al.

Journal of The Royal Society Interface, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(217)

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Cilia can beat collectively in the form of a metachronal wave, and we investigate how near-field hydrodynamic interactions between cilia influence collective response beating cilia. Based on theoretical framework developed work Meng et al . (Meng 2021 Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 118 , e2102828118), find that first harmonic mode driving force acting each individual cilium determine direction wave after considering finite size trajectories, which is confirmed by our agent-based numerical simulations. The stable patterns, e.g. travelling direction, be controlled forces cilia, based one change flow field generated This not only help to understand role behaviours but also guide future designs artificial desired dynamic mode.

Language: Английский

Citations

2

Synchronization and metachronal waves of elastic cilia caused by transient viscous flow DOI Open Access
Albert von Kenne, Sonja Schmelter, Holger Stark

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 17, 2024

Hydrodynamic coordination of cilia is ubiquitous in biology. It commonly modeled using the steady Stokes equations. The flow around ciliated cells, however, exhibits finite time vorticity diffusion, requiring a dynamical description. We present model elastic coupled by transient viscous bulk fluid. Therein, diffusion impacts qualitatively and quantitatively. In particular, pairs synchronize antiphase for long times. Moreover, metachronal waves occur chains larger than penetration depth, whereas global synchronization occurs flow.

Language: Английский

Citations

0

Swimming ability and flagellar motility of sperm packets of the volvocine green alga Pleodorina starrii DOI Creative Commons
Azusa Kage, Kohei Takahashi, Hisayoshi Nozaki

et al.

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(7), P. e0287561 - e0287561

Published: July 18, 2024

Eukaryotic flagella collectively form metachronal waves that facilitate the ability to cause flow or swim. Among such flagellated and planktonic swimmers, large volvocine genera as Eudorina , Pleodorina Volvox bundles of small male gametes (sperm) called “sperm packets” for sexual reproduction. Although these sperm packets reportedly have swim, previous studies on motility focused asexual forms swimming characteristics remain unknown. However, it is important quantify in order gain insights into significance reproduction algae. In this study, we quantitatively described behavior three a strain starrii —asexual colonies, packets, single dissociated sperm—with emphasis comparison two multicellular forms. Despite being smaller, swam approximately 1.4 times faster than colonies same strain. Body length was 0.5 smaller colonies. The from showed asymmetric waveforms, whereas those symmetric suggesting presence switching mechanism between sperm. Flagella were shorter had beat period twice long densely distributed over anterior part body, sparse evenly distributed. distribution flagella, but not number appear illustrate significant difference speeds Our findings reveal novel aspects regulation eukaryotic shed light role flagellar

Language: Английский

Citations

0