Recent advances in conductive hydrogels: classifications, properties, and applications

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 52(2), P. 473 - 509

Published: Dec. 9, 2022

Hydrogel-based conductive materials for smart wearable devices have attracted increasing attention due to their excellent flexibility, versatility, and outstanding biocompatibility. This review presents the recent advances in multifunctional hydrogels electronic devices. First, with different components are discussed, including pure single network based on polymers, additional additives (i.e., nanoparticles, nanowires, nanosheets), double additives. Second, a variety of functionalities, self-healing, super toughness, self-growing, adhesive, anti-swelling, antibacterial, structural color, hydrophobic, anti-freezing, shape memory external stimulus responsiveness introduced detail. Third, applications flexible illustrated strain sensors, supercapacitors, touch panels, triboelectric nanogenerator, bioelectronic devices, robot). Next, current challenges facing summarized. Finally, an imaginative but reasonable outlook is given, which aims drive further development future.

Language: Английский

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Naturally sourced hydrogels: emerging fundamental materials for next-generation healthcare sensing

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 52(9), P. 2992 - 3034

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

The flourishing development of flexible healthcare sensing systems is inseparable from the fundamental materials with application-oriented mechanical and electrical properties. Thanks to continuous inspiration our Mother Nature, hydrogels originating natural biomass are attracting growing attention for their structural functional designs owing unique chemical, physical biological These highly efficient architectural enable them be most promising candidates electronic devices. This comprehensive review focuses on recent advances in naturally sourced constructing multi-functional sensors applications thereof. We first briefly introduce representative polymers, including polysaccharides, proteins, polypeptides, summarize physicochemical design principles fabrication strategies hydrogel based these polymers outlined after material properties required presented. then highlight various techniques devices, illustrate examples wearable or implantable bioelectronics pressure, strain, temperature, biomarker field systems. Finally, concluding remarks challenges prospects hydrogel-based provided. hope that this will provide valuable information next-generation build a bridge between as matter an applied target accelerate new near future.

Language: Английский

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Recent Progress of Conductive Hydrogel Fibers for Flexible Electronics: Fabrications, Applications, and Perspectives

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(17)

Published: Jan. 31, 2023

Abstract Flexible conductive materials with intrinsic structural characteristics are currently in the spotlight of both fundamental science and advanced technological applications due to their functional preponderances such as remarkable conductivity, excellent mechanical properties, tunable physical chemical so on. Typically, hydrogel fibers (CHFs) promising candidates owing unique including light weight, high length‐to‐diameter ratio, deformability, Herein, a comprehensive overview cutting‐edge advances CHFs involving architectural features, function characteristics, fabrication strategies, applications, perspectives flexible electronics provided. The design principles strategies systematically introduced discontinuous (the capillary polymerization draw spinning) continuous wet spinning, microfluidic 3D printing, electrospinning). In addition, potential crucially emphasized energy harvesting devices, storage smart sensors, biomedical electronics. This review concludes perspective on challenges opportunities attractive CHFs, allowing for better understanding fundamentals development materials.

Language: Английский

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Hydrogels as Soft Ionic Conductors in Flexible and Wearable Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(11)

Published: Feb. 20, 2022

Flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attracted increasing interest since their advent in 2012. In comparison with other flexible electrodes, hydrogels possess transparency, stretchability, biocompatibility, and tunable ionic conductivity, which together provide great potential as current collectors TENGs for wearable applications. The development of hydrogel-based (H-TENGs) is currently a burgeoning field but research efforts lagged behind those common TENGs. order to spur this important area, comprehensive review that summarizes recent advances challenges H-TENGs will be very useful researchers engineers emerging field. Herein, the advantages types soft conductors are presented, followed by detailed descriptions advanced functions, enhanced output performance, well applications H-TENGs. Finally, prospects discussed.

Language: Английский

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In Situ Polymerized MXene/Polypyrrole/Hydroxyethyl Cellulose-Based Flexible Strain Sensor Enabled by Machine Learning for Handwriting Recognition

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 5811 - 5821

Published: Jan. 17, 2023

Flexible strain sensors have significant progress in the fields of human–computer interaction, medical monitoring, and handwriting recognition, but they also face many challenges such as capture weak signals, comprehensive acquisition information, accurate recognition. can sense externally applied deformations, accurately measure human motion physiological record signal characteristics handwritten text. Herein, we prepare a sandwich-structured flexible sensor based on an MXene/polypyrrole/hydroxyethyl cellulose (MXene/PPy/HEC) conductive material PDMS substrate. The features wide linear detection range (0–94%), high sensitivity (gauge factor 357.5), reliable repeatability (>1300 cycles), ultrafast response–recovery time (300 ms), other excellent sensing properties. MXene/PPy/HEC detect activities, exhibiting performance measuring external changes real-time detection. In addition, signals English words, Arabic numerals, Chinese characters by volunteers measured unique characteristics. Through machine learning technology, different are successfully identified, recognition accuracy is higher than 96%. results show that has impact detection, health

Language: Английский

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Strategies in the preparation of conductive polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels for applications in flexible strain sensors, flexible supercapacitors, and triboelectric nanogenerator sensors: an overview

Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(6)

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

Language: Английский

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Tough, Anti-Swelling Supramolecular Hydrogels Mediated by Surfactant–Polymer Interactions for Underwater Sensors

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(26), P. 30385 - 30397

Published: June 23, 2022

It is a great challenge for traditional hydrogel-based sensors to be effective underwater due unsatisfactory water resistance and insufficient wet adhesion. Herein, tough supramolecular hydrogel aiming at sensing prepared by the modification of hydrophilic poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) with small amount hydrophobic lauryl methacrylate (LMA) in presence high concentrations cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Owing synergistic effects electrostatic interactions associations CTAB P(AA-co-LMA) copolymer, content approximately 58.5 wt % demonstrates outstanding anti-swelling feature, superior tensile strength (≈1.6 MPa), large stretchability (>900%), rapid room-temperature self-recovery (≈3 min 100% strain), robust adhesion diverse substrates. Moreover, strain sensor based on displays keen sensitivity range 0-900% (gauge factor 0.42, 3.44, 5.44, 7.39 0-100, 100-300, 300-500, 500-900%, respectively) pronounced stability both air underwater. Additionally, can easily recycled dissolving anhydrous ethanol. This work provides facile strategy fabricate eco-friendly, hydrogels sensing.

Language: Английский

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Cellulosic gel-based triboelectric nanogenerators for energy harvesting and emerging applications

Nano Energy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 106, P. 108079 - 108079

Published: Dec. 7, 2022

Language: Английский

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Sustainable Triboelectric Materials for Smart Active Sensing Systems

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(52)

Published: Oct. 26, 2022

Abstract With the vigorous development of Internet Things and artificial intelligence, active sensing system based on triboelectric nanogenerators plays an excellent performance potential application value as a pioneering technology for smart manufacturing. Nevertheless, achieving material innovation to strike good balance between systems environmental friendliness remains difficult task. As most abundant biopolymer earth, sustainability cellulose are great importance systems. This review intends provide new perspective design fabricate cellulosic materials self‐powered Herein, structure advantageous properties briefly described. Furthermore, structure–property–application relationship is addressed from optimization. Next, latest applications comprehensively described in fields such monitoring, home, medical, human–machine interaction, everything. Lastly, current challenges future developments sensor presented.

Language: Английский

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A Multifunctional and Selective Ionic Flexible Sensor with High Environmental Suitability for Tactile Perception

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(6)

Published: Oct. 22, 2023

Abstract Inspired by the tactile sensory mechanism of human skin, ionic hydrogels‐derived flexible sensors have attracted much attention since they can produce output signals that match recognition mode nerves, showing a potential application in human‐machine interaction. Unfortunately, practical sensing properties hydrogels are restricted drawbacks hydroelastic instability and non‐selective response ability, such as poor mechanical strength, irretentive solvent retaining capacity, low‐temperature intolerance. Herein, this study, novel physical‐crosslink enhanced hydrogel‐PVA/PEG/TA‐MXene‐Na + /Li (PPM‐NL) nanocomposite is prepared shows well comprehensive strength (400% elongation at break, 0.93 MPa), electrical conductivity (8.1 S m −1 ), tear resistance, self‐healing anti‐freezing/drying features (93% water retention after sixty days frost resistance −27 °C). The PPM‐NL hydrogel‐derived sensor displays selective behavior to tensile compressive deformation with high sensitivity (G = 1.12) rapid time (only 60 ms). Further, device applied monitor joint motions humanoid hands integrated into manipulators recognize thickness softness objects, superior environmental stability. It be believed will provide inspiration for developing next‐generation biomimetic perception robots.

Language: Английский

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