Stretchable,
flexible
sensors
are
one
of
the
most
critical
components
smart
wearable
electronics
and
Internet
Things
(IoT),
thereby
attracting
multipronged
research
interest
in
last
decades.
Following
miniaturization
multicomponent
development
several
could
further
propel
demand
for
wireless,
multimodal
platforms.
Greener
substitutes
to
conventional
that
can
operate
a
self-powered
configuration
highly
desirable
terms
all-in-one
sensor
utilities.
However,
fabrication
composite-based
ultrastretchable,
with
multifunctionality,
robustness,
conformability
is
still
only
partially
achieved
and,
therefore,
demands
investigation.
In
this
work,
we
report
triboelectric
nanogenerator
(TENG)-based
multifunctional
strain
organic
vapor
using
cross-linked
ethylene
propylene
diene
monomer
(EPDM)
elastomer
conducting
carbon
black
as
active
fillers
presence
an
ionic
liquid.
The
resulting
piezoresistive
demonstrates
ultrahigh
gauge
factor
(GF
>
220k)
wide
range
sensitivity
is,
suitable
subtle-to-high
frequency
motion
detection
devices.
Supported
by
excellent
outputs
(force
0.5
V/N
50-300
N,
maximum
output
voltage
Advanced Sensor Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
3(10)
Published: April 27, 2024
Abstract
The
greener
alternatives
to
tactile‐integrated
multimodal
sensors
with
self‐powered
and
self‐healing
abilities
are
highly
desirable
for
all‐in‐one
autonomous
sensing
systems,
particularly
impressive
in
diverse
application
ranges
including
smart
home,
healthcare,
e‐skin.
dynamically
self‐healable,
stretchable
piezoresistive
sensors,
triboelectric
nanogenerators
(TENGs)
reported
herein
constructed
by
a
facile,
industrially
viable
method
of
grafting
imidazolium
ions
on
epoxidized
natural
rubber
(ENR)
backbone.
Owing
cation‐
π
π–π
interaction
between
the
percolated
carbon
nanotubes
(CNTs)‐network
formed
non‐covalent
interactions,
interfacial
adhesion
filler
elastomer
is
shown
improve
considerably.
show
high
strain
sensitivity,
reversible
ionic
network‐assisted
self‐healability
(efficiency
≈80%)
wide‐ranging
detectability
precise
monitoring
human
movements.
Both
healed
pristine
feature
low
hysteresis
stable
electrical
outputs
over
wide
range
(≤200%).
While
achieving
rapid
efficiency,
substrates
exhibit
remarkable
robustness
harsh
climates
owing
significant
mechanical
toughness.
Supported
excellent
tactile
sensitivity
(2.12
V
N
−1
),
multifunctional
TENG‐enabled
sensor
yields
superior
power
density
(0.16
mW
cm
−2
).
Moreover,
TENG
module
exhibits
force
ease
operation
that
considered
versatile
all‐weather
integrated
solutions
future
technology.
Polymer Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 30
Published: Aug. 22, 2024
Self-healing
materials
have
garnered
significant
attention
for
their
potential
to
heal
damage
when
it
occurs.
Elastomers,
particularly
natural
rubber,
been
a
focal
point
of
extensive
research
in
the
realm
self-healing
materials.
The
ability
rubber
not
only
promises
extend
service
life
rubber-based
products
but
also
offers
new
avenues
recyclability
and
reprocessability,
contributing
environmental
protection
efforts.
A
key
challenge
has
enhance
its
capabilities
without
compromising
mechanical
properties.
As
result,
various
mechanisms
such
as
hydrogen
bond,
Diels–Alder
(D-A)
reaction,
disulfide
imine
ionic
bond
thoroughly
investigated.
Among
these
mechanisms,
reversible
bonds
or
interactions
emerged
influential
facilitating
rubber.
This
mechanism
is
easily
incorporated
into
structure
due
high
stability,
enabling
exhibit
promising
review
delves
comprehensive
statistical
analysis
numerous
published
articles
focuses
on
exploration
bonding
context
Additionally,
provides
succinct
introduction
specialized
tests
designed
assess
focusing
related
methods
evaluation,
namely
swelling
test
healing
efficiency
test.
Transactions on Energy Systems and Engineering Applications,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
6(1), P. 1 - 16
Published: March 4, 2025
Dielectric
Elastomer
Generator
(DEG)
stands
out
as
a
promising
electromechanical
device
to
harness
energy
from
non-conventional
sources
owing
its
ability
convert
mechanical
into
electrical
power.
DEG
with
no
rotating
part
demonstrates
high
performance-to-weight
ratio
ease
in
fabrication
and
compactness
that
sets
it
apart
traditional
harvesting
techniques.
Triboelectric
nanogenerators
(TENGs)
belong
self-powered
class
of
capitalizes
on
low-frequency
amplitude
sources.
Existing
models
for
predicting
the
performance
TENGs
often
assume
parameters
such
frequency,
amplitude,
relative
permittivity
are
constant.
However,
these
can
vary
depending
specific
application.
In
this
study,
modified
model
is
proposed
comprehensively
investigate
TENG
real-world
conditions
considering
fluctuations
varying
elastomer
layers.
Results
indicate
at
higher
frequency
55
Hz,
there
significant
increase
output
voltage,
attributed
release
rate
due
increased
velocity.
The
study
also
emphasizes
role
layers,
revealing
layers
dielectric
constants
generate
more
voltage
power
(151\%)
compared
those
lower
values,
particularly
separation
distance
0.1mm.
findings
exhibit
notable
concurrence
previously
reported
values
offer
valuable
framework
researchers
seeking
tailor
generators
enhanced
precision
harnessing
low-amplitude
ChemistrySelect,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
10(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Abstract
Bio‐based
resources
as
reinforcing
agents
for
elastomers
is
an
important
area
of
research.
In
this
study,
different
types
lignin
were
employed
fillers
synthetic
elastomers.
Polychloroprene
(CR),
a
polar
rubber,
and
solution
styrene
butadiene
rubber
(SSBR),
non‐polar
used
matrix
materials.
Results
showed
that
filled
with
Kraft
exhibited
better
mechanical
performance
than
those
lignosulfonate.
Without
chemical
modification,
effectively
reinforced
polychloroprene
increasing
its
tensile
strength
by
3.5
times,
modulus
2
elongation
at
the
break
times.
However,
SSBR,
use
surface
modifiers
such
alkyl
isocyanates
improved
dispersion
efficiency
lignin.
Particularly,
in
SSBR
system
values
crossed
900%,
which
very
high
like
SSBR.
A
noticeable
improvement
was
observed
field
emission
scanning
electron
microscopy
when
situ
modification
done
isocyanates.
To
understand
effect
lignin,
various
mechanical,
dynamic
physical
tests
conducted
composites.
Macromolecular Materials and Engineering,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
309(4)
Published: March 7, 2024
Abstract
Natural
rubber
(NR)
consists
of
mainly
cis
‐1,4‐polyisoprene
with
proteins
as
notable
nonrubber
components
that
significantly
influence
its
properties.
A
relatively
unexplored
aspect
is
the
role
these
in
reducing
and
stabilizing
metal
ions
to
form
metallic
particles.
Here,
NR/ZnO
composite
successfully
prepared
by
situ
generation
ZnO
NR
latex
for
first
time.
With
aid
proteins,
amount
slightly
higher
than
formed
saponified
(SPNR),
where
some
are
removed.
Importantly,
noncovalent
bonds
between
and/or
amino
acids
can
provide
self‐healing
behavior
composite.
However,
heating
at
≈40
°C
still
necessary
healing
time
increasing
efficiency
Nevertheless,
greater
within
hinder
molecular
chain
interdiffusion
rearrangement
essential
uncross‐linked
rubber,
resulting
lower
compared
SPNR/ZnO.
This
study
underscores
significance
on
NR's
properties,
despite
their
minor
presence.
Without
sophisticated
modification,
this
a
very
simple
low‐cost
technique
achieve
behavior.
Polymers for Advanced Technologies,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
35(8)
Published: Aug. 1, 2024
Abstract
The
solidification
technology
of
natural
rubber
exerts
a
significant
impact
on
the
properties
rubber.
alkaline
protease
has
been
highly
valued
by
researchers
at
home
and
abroad
because
its
good
effect,
excellent
vulcanization
performance,
low
pollution.
In
this
study,
effects
enzyme
dosage
structure
were
investigated
compared
with
those
formic
acid
technology.
solid‐state
NMR
results
showed
that
increasing
increased
molecular
chain
entanglements
in
raw
gel
content
test
network
structures
(i.e.
gels)
after
addition
protease.
characteristics
significantly
shortened
positive
time.
M
w
was
largest
an
0.07%.
for
mechanical
best
when
addition,
as
increased,
Akron
abrasion
volume
decreased,
lowest
