The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
942, P. 173736 - 173736
Published: June 4, 2024
Improved
treatment
of
per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
in
water
is
critically
important
light
the
proposed
United
States
Environmental
Protection
Agency
(USEPA)
drinking
regulations
at
ng
L−1
levels.
The
addition
peroxymonosulfate
(PMS)
during
electrochemical
oxidation
(EO)
can
remove
destroy
PFAS,
but
levels
have
not
been
tested,
PMS
itself
be
toxic.
objective
this
research
was
to
test
peroxydisulfate
(PDS,
an
alternative
PMS)
activation
by
boron-doped
diamond
(BDD)
electrodes
for
level
perfluorooctanoic
acid
(PFOA)
degradation.
influence
PDS
concentration,
temperature,
real
matrix
effects,
PFOA
concentration
on
PDS-EO
performance
were
systematically
examined.
Batch
reactor
experiments
revealed
that
99.8
%
degraded
69.1
defluorination
achieved,
confirming
mineralization.
Scavenging
implied
sulfate
radicals
(SO4–)
played
a
more
role
degradation
than
HO,
1O2,
or
electrons
(e−).
Further
identification
transformation
products
liquid
chromatography-mass
spectrum
(LC-MS)
analysis
established
plausible
pathways.
corroborates
direct
electron
transfers
electrode
initiate
SO4–
improves
overall
cleaving
CC
bond
between
C7F15
COOH
moieties
PFOA,
leading
possible
such
as
F−.
perfluoroalkyl
oxidized
resulting
formation
shorter
chain
perfluorocarboxylic
acids
(e.g.,
perfluorobutanoic
[PFBA]),
with
eventual
mineralization
CO2
At
environmentally
relevant
low
initial
100
99
achieved.
slightly
affected
less
removal
observed
river
sample
(91
%)
compared
tests
conducted
Milli-Q
(99
%).
Overall,
EO
provided
destructive
approach
elimination
PFOA.
Journal of Separation Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
47(15)
Published: Aug. 1, 2024
Poly-
and
perfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
are
a
class
of
persistent
organic
pollutants
whose
high
stability
appreciable
water
solubility
have
led
to
near-global
contamination.
PFAS
bioaccumulative
toxins
that
been
linked
myriad
disorders
detected
nearly
universally
in
human
blood.
Liquid
chromatography-tandem
mass
spectrometry
is
the
most
frequent
method
used
for
quantitation,
though
this
typically
only
measures
few
dozen
>14
000
known
has
shown
account
small
portion
total
fluorine
present.
Sum
parameter
methods
such
as
total,
extractable,
adsorbable
emerged
alternative
measurements
determination.
Combustion
ion
chromatography
become
preferred
organofluorine
measurement
where
sorbent
or
extract
containing
combusted
emitted
hydrofluoric
acid
(HF)
measure
cumulative
Herein
we
critically
review
types
measurement,
their
separation
from
sample
matrix,
key
parameters
analytical
instrument
affect
sensitivity,
reproducibility,
recovery
with
regards
analysis.