Ionic
thermoelectric
materials,
renowned
for
their
high
Seebeck
coefficients,
are
gaining
prominence
potential
in
harvesting
low-grade
waste
heat.
However,
the
theoretical
underpinnings
enhancing
performance
of
these
materials
remain
underexplored.
In
this
study,
Hoffmeister
effect
was
leveraged
to
augment
properties
hydrogel-based
ionic
materials.
A
series
PAAm-x
Zn(CF3SO3)2,
ZnSO4,
and
Zn(ClO4)2
hydrogels
were
synthesized,
using
polyacrylamide
(PAAm)
as
matrix
three
distinct
zinc
salts
with
varying
anion
volumes
impart
effect.
Exceptionally,
most
cost-effective
ZnSO4
yielded
highest
coefficient
among
hydrogels,
PAAm-1
achieving
a
remarkable
value
−3.72
mV
K–1.
To
elucidate
underlying
mechanism,
we
conducted
an
innovative
analysis
correlating
ion
transfer
number.
Additionally,
hydrogel
demonstrated
outstanding
mechanical
properties,
including
elongation
at
break
(>1400%
its
peak),
exceptional
resilience
(virtually
no
hysteresis
loops),
robust
fatigue
resistance
(overlapping
cyclic
tensile
curves).
This
work
not
only
advances
understanding
but
also
showcases
practical
heat
recovery
applications.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 16, 2025
Abstract
Ionic
conductive
hydrogels
have
emerged
as
an
excellent
option
for
constructing
dielectric
layers
of
interfacial
iontronic
sensors.
Among
these,
gradient
ionic
hydrogels,
due
to
the
intrinsic
elastic
modulus,
can
achieve
a
wide
range
pressure
responses.
However,
fabrication
with
optimal
mechanical
and
sensing
properties
remains
challenge.
In
this
study,
it
is
discovered
first
that
phytic
acid
(PA)
interacts
in
remarkably
distinct
manners
(i.e.,
plasticizing
effects
phase
separation)
different
polymers
polyacrylamide
polyacrylic
acid).
This
distinctive
PA‐polymer
interacting
mechanism
innovatively
utilized
construct
modulus
hydrogel
through
simple
precursor
solution
infiltration
approach.
The
hydrogel‐based
flexible
sensor
not
only
achieves
high
sensitivity
(9.00
kPa
−1
,
<15
kPa)
broad
(from
≈3.7
Pa
1.2
MPa)
simultaneously,
but
also
exhibits
superior
low
performance.
It
successfully
recognizes
subtle
acoustic
waves
airflow,
well
moderate
speaking
finger
pressing
magnitude
plantar
pressure.
addition,
demonstrates
remarkable
antibacterial
biocompatibility.
functional
performance
bioactivity
exceptional
potential
wearable
applications.
Small,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 5, 2025
Abstract
Addressing
the
diverse
environmental
demands
for
electronic
material
performance,
design
of
a
multifunctional
ionic
conductive
hydrogel
with
mechanical
flexibility,
anti‐freezing
capability,
and
antibacterial
characteristics
represents
an
optimal
solution.
Leveraging
Dead
Sea
effect
strong
hydrogen
bonding,
this
study
exploits
CaCl
2
abundant
hydroxyl
groups
in
phytic
acid
(PA)
to
induce
chain
entanglements,
thereby
constructing
complex,
multi‐crosslinked
network.
Furthermore,
PA
ternary
solvent
systems
(CaCl
/Glycerol/H
O)
synergistically
impart
excellent
strength,
toughness
(with
tensile
strength
8.93
MPa,
elongation
at
break
859.93%,
39.92
MJ
m
−3
),
high
electrical
conductivity,
antifreeze
properties,
strain
sensitivity
(gauge
factor
up
2.10)
hydrogels.
Remarkably,
structure
maintains
stability
even
after
undergoing
6000
loading‐unloading
cycles,
demonstrating
its
outstanding
fatigue
resistance.
Upon
receiving
external
stimuli,
exhibits
response
time
126
ms,
making
it
ideal
dynamic
monitoring
human
motion
signals.
This
offers
novel
insight
into
potential
application
hydrogels
as
flexible
sensors
challenging
environments.
ACS Applied Polymer Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
6(13), P. 7393 - 7407
Published: June 27, 2024
In
recent
years,
there
has
been
an
increasing
interest
in
the
use
of
biomass-based
nanocomposite
hydrogels
for
wearable
flexible
sweat
sensors.
this
manuscript,
design
a
dual-network
hydrogel
using
sodium
carboxymethyl
cellulose
(CMC-Na)
to
develop
high-performance
sensor
is
considered
be
effective
method
accurate
monitoring
human
movement
and
continuous
noninvasive
measurement
glucose
levels
sweat.
The
gel
gauge
factor
(GF)
1.34
toughness
4.18
MJ/m3,
exhibiting
excellent
mechanical
properties
self-healing
capabilities
(92.6%).
As
motion
sensor,
it
can
accurately
identify
various
movements.
By
incorporating
oxidase-thioglycolic
acid-gold
nanoparticles
(GTAN)
nanomaterials
into
hydrogel,
stable
electrocatalytic
activity
was
achieved.
detection
limit
(LOD)
0.28
μM
wide
operating
range.
Additionally,
different
testing
methods
show
good
linear
relationships,
indicating
sensor's
universality
measurement.
analyzing
daily
physical
activities
sweat,
individual
health
achieved,
thereby
expanding
potential
next-generation
multifunctional
sensing
systems.
