Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 776 - 780
Published: Feb. 20, 2023
Language: Английский
Immunological Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 310(1), P. 6 - 26
Published: June 5, 2022
Antibodies against epitopes in S1 give the most accurate CoP infection by SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Measurement of those antibodies neutralization or binding assays both have predictive value, with antibody titers giving highest statistical correlation. However, protective functions are multiple. multiple other than influence efficacy. The role cellular responses can be discerned respect to CD4
Language: Английский
Citations
241
Immunological Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 310(1), P. 27 - 46
Published: June 22, 2022
Immunological memory is the basis of protective immunity provided by vaccines and previous infections. can develop from multiple branches adaptive immune system, including CD4 T cells, CD8 B long-lasting antibody responses. Extraordinary progress has been made in understanding to SARS-CoV-2 infection COVID-19 vaccines, addressing development; quantitative qualitative features different cellular anatomical compartments; durability each component antibodies. Given sophistication measurements; size human studies; use longitudinal samples cross-sectional head-to-head comparisons between or for 1 year already supersedes that any other acute infectious disease. This knowledge may help inform public policies regarding as well scientific development future against diseases.
Language: Английский
Citations
216
Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 378(6620), P. 619 - 627
Published: Oct. 20, 2022
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron sublineages carry distinct spike mutations resulting in escape from antibodies induced by previous infection or vaccination. We show that hybrid immunity vaccine boosters elicit plasma-neutralizing against BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, and BA.4/5, breakthrough infections, but not vaccination alone, induce neutralizing the nasal mucosa. Consistent with immunological imprinting, most derived memory B cells plasma of cases cross-react Wuhan-Hu-1, BA.4/5 receptor-binding domains, whereas primary infections narrow specificity up to 6 months after infection. Although clinical have reduced neutralization Omicron, we identified an ultrapotent pan-variant–neutralizing antibody is a strong candidate for development.
Language: Английский
Citations
199
Science Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(75)
Published: June 2, 2022
Omicron is the evolutionarily most distinct severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant of concern (VOC) to date. We report that BA.1 breakthrough infection in BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals resulted strong neutralizing activity against BA.1, BA.2, and previous SARS-CoV-2 VOCs but not sublineages BA.4 BA.5. induced a robust recall response, primarily expanding memory B (B
Language: Английский
Citations
192
Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(6608), P. 890 - 894
Published: July 19, 2022
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant of concern comprises several sublineages, with BA.2 and BA.2.12.1 having replaced the previously dominant BA.1 BA.4 BA.5 increasing in prevalence worldwide. We show that large number sublineage spike mutations leads to enhanced angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) binding, reduced fusogenicity, dampening plasma neutralizing activity elicited by infection or seven clinical vaccines relative ancestral virus. Administration a homologous heterologous booster based on Wuhan-Hu-1 sequence markedly increased antibody titers breadth against BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4, across all evaluated. Our data suggest although sublineages evade polyclonal responses primary vaccine series, boosters may provide sufficient protection Omicron-induced disease.
Language: Английский
Citations
175
Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)
Published: Feb. 14, 2023
Abstract Convergent evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5 lineages has led to the emergence several new subvariants, including BA.2.75.2, BA.4.6. BQ.1.1. The subvariant BQ.1.1 became predominant in many countries December 2022. subvariants carry an additional often redundant set mutations spike, likely responsible for increased transmissibility immune evasion. Here, we established a viral amplification procedure easily isolate strains. We examined their sensitivity 6 therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) 72 sera from Pfizer BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals, with or without BA.1/BA.2 breakthrough infection. Ronapreve (Casirivimab Imdevimab) Evusheld (Cilgavimab Tixagevimab) lose antiviral efficacy against BA.2.75.2 BQ.1.1, whereas Xevudy (Sotrovimab) remaine weakly active. is also resistant Bebtelovimab. Neutralizing titers triply vaccinated individuals are low undetectable 4 months after boosting. A infection increases these titers, which remains about 18-fold lower than BA.1. Reciprocally, more efficiently neutralization BA.2.75.2. Thus, trajectory novel facilitates spread immunized populations raises concerns most available mAbs.
Language: Английский
Citations
169
Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 185(9), P. 1539 - 1548.e5
Published: March 18, 2022
Language: Английский
Citations
162
Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(6607), P. 735 - 742
Published: July 12, 2022
The coronavirus spike glycoprotein attaches to host receptors and mediates viral fusion. Using a broad screening approach, we isolated seven monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that bind all human-infecting proteins from severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immune donors. These mAbs recognize the fusion peptide acquire affinity breadth through somatic mutations. Despite targeting conserved motif, only some show neutralizing activity in vitro against alpha- betacoronaviruses, including animal coronaviruses WIV-1 PDF-2180. Two selected also neutralize Omicron BA.1 BA.2 authentic viruses reduce burden pathology vivo. Structural functional analyses showed peptide–specific bound with different modalities cryptic epitope hidden prefusion stabilized spike, which became exposed upon binding of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) or ACE2-mimicking mAbs.
Language: Английский
Citations
146
Annual Review of Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 41(1), P. 343 - 373
Published: Feb. 8, 2023
A large body of evidence generated in the last two and a half years addresses roles T cells SARS-CoV-2 infection following vaccination. Infection or vaccination induces multi-epitope CD4 CD8 cell responses with polyfunctionality. Early have been associated mild COVID-19 outcomes. In concert animal model data, these results suggest that while antibody are key to prevent infection, may also play valuable reducing disease severity controlling infection. memory after is sustained for at least six months. While neutralizing impacted by variants, most preserved. This review highlights extensive progress made, data knowledge gaps remain, our understanding vaccines.
Language: Английский
Citations
122
Science Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(73)
Published: May 12, 2022
Understanding immune responses after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) breakthrough infection will facilitate the development of next-generation vaccines. Here, we profiled spike (S)–specific B cell Omicron/BA.1 in messenger RNA–vaccinated donors. The antibody response was characterized by high levels somatic hypermutation and a bias toward recognition ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strains, suggesting early activation vaccine-induced memory cells. BA.1 induced shift immunodominance hierarchy from S2 subunit, which is highly conserved across variants concern (VOCs), antigenically variable receptor binding domain (RBD). A large proportion RBD-directed neutralizing antibodies isolated donors displayed convergent sequence features broadly recognized VOCs. Together, these findings provide insights into role preexisting immunity shaping to heterologous variant exposure.
Language: Английский
Citations
120