Metatranscriptomics Reveals the Diversity of the Tick Virome in Northwest China DOI Creative Commons
Yunyi Kong, Gang Zhang, Lingling Jiang

et al.

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(5)

Published: Oct. 10, 2022

Blood-sucking ticks are obligate parasites and vectors of a variety human animal viruses. Some tick-borne viruses have been identified as pathogens infectious diseases in humans or animals, potentially imposing significant public health burdens threats to the husbandry industry. Therefore, identifying profiles will provide valuable information about evolution pathogen ecology In this study, we investigated viromes parasitic collected from body surfaces herbivores Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Inner Mongolia China, two regions northwest China. By using metatranscriptomic approach, 17 RNA with high diversity genomic organization were identified. Among them, nine proposed be novel species. The classified belonged six viral families, including Phenuiviridae, Rhabdoviridae, Peribunyaviridae, Lispiviridae, Chuviridae, Reoviridae, unclassified also addition, although some different sampling locations shared similarities, abundance notably varied among collection locations. This study demonstrates provides informative data for further pathogenicity these IMPORTANCE Ticks widely distributed pastoral areas northwestern China act that carry transmit pathogens, especially Our revealed tick uncovered phylogenetic relationships viruses, important zoonotic severe fever thrombocytopenia syndrome virus Mongolia. These suggest complex diverse evolutionary history potential ecological factors associated pathogenic currently remains unclear. future research should focus on evaluating transmissability

Language: Английский

Zoonotic Animal Influenza Virus and Potential Mixing Vessel Hosts DOI Creative Commons
Elsayed M. Abdelwhab, Thomas C. Mettenleiter

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 980 - 980

Published: April 16, 2023

Influenza viruses belong to the family Orthomyxoviridae with a negative-sense, single-stranded segmented RNA genome. They infect wide range of animals, including humans. From 1918 2009, there were four influenza pandemics, which caused millions casualties. Frequent spillover animal humans or without intermediate hosts poses serious zoonotic and pandemic threat. The current SARS-CoV-2 overshadowed high risk raised by viruses, but highlighted role wildlife as reservoir for viruses. In this review, we summarize occurrence virus in describe potential mixing vessel While several possess (e.g., avian swine viruses), others are low negligible equine, canine, bat bovine viruses). Transmission can occur directly from particularly poultry swine, through reassortant “mixing vessel” hosts. To date, less than 3000 confirmed human infections avian-origin 7000 subclinical documented. Likewise, only few hundreds cases have been reported. Pigs historic host generation due expression both avian-type human-type receptors. Nevertheless, number carry types receptors act host. High vigilance is warranted prevent next

Language: Английский

Citations

82
Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 at the Huanan Seafood Market DOI Open Access

William J. Liu,

Peipei Liu,

Wenwen Lei

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 631(8020), P. 402 - 408

Published: April 5, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

57
Virus diversity, wildlife-domestic animal circulation and potential zoonotic viruses of small mammals, pangolins and zoo animals DOI Creative Commons
Xinyuan Cui, Kewei Fan, Xianghui Liang

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 29, 2023

Abstract Wildlife is reservoir of emerging viruses. Here we identified 27 families mammalian viruses from 1981 wild animals and 194 zoo collected south China between 2015 2022, isolated characterized the pathogenicity eight Bats harbor high diversity coronaviruses, picornaviruses astroviruses, a potentially novel genus Bornaviridae . In addition to reported SARSr-CoV-2 HKU4-CoV-like viruses, picornavirus respiroviruses also likely circulate bats pangolins. Pikas new clade Embecovirus arenaviruses. Further, potential cross-species transmission RNA (paramyxovirus astrovirus) DNA (pseudorabies virus, porcine circovirus 2, 3 parvovirus) wildlife domestic was identified, complicating protection prevention control these diseases in animals. This study provides nuanced view frequency host-jumping events, as well assessments zoonotic risk.

Language: Английский

Citations

50
The Emergence and Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 DOI
Edward C. Holmes

Annual Review of Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 21 - 42

Published: April 18, 2024

The origin of SARS-CoV-2 has evoked heated debate and strong accusations, yet seemingly little resolution. I review the scientific evidence on its subsequent spread through human population. available data clearly point to a natural zoonotic emergence within, or closely linked to, Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan. There is no direct linking laboratory work conducted at Wuhan Institute Virology. global was characterized by gradual adaptation humans, with dual increases transmissibility virulence until Omicron variant. Of note been frequent transmission from humans other animals, marking it as strongly host generalist virus. Unless lessons are learned, inevitable that more events leading epidemics pandemics will plague populations.

Language: Английский

Citations

32
Genetic tracing of market wildlife and viruses at the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic DOI

Alexander Crits‐Christoph,

Joshua I. Levy, Jonathan E. Pekar

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187(19), P. 5468 - 5482.e11

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

28
Farmed fur animals harbour viruses with zoonotic spillover potential DOI
Jin Zhao,

Wenbo Wan,

Yu Kang

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 634(8032), P. 228 - 233

Published: Sept. 4, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Pathogens and planetary change DOI Creative Commons
Colin J. Carlson, Cole B. Brookson, Daniel J. Becker

et al.

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Emerging infectious diseases, biodiversity loss, and anthropogenic environmental change are interconnected crises with massive social ecological costs. In this Review, we discuss how pathogens parasites responding to global change, the implications for pandemic prevention conservation. Ecological evolutionary principles help explain why both pandemics wildlife die-offs becoming more common; land-use loss often followed by an increase in zoonotic vector-borne diseases; some species, such as bats, host so many emerging pathogens. To prevent next pandemic, scientists should focus on monitoring limiting spread of a handful high-risk viruses, especially at key interfaces farms live-animal markets. But address much broader set disease risks associated Anthropocene, decision-makers will need develop comprehensive strategies that include pathogen surveillance across species ecosystems; conservation-based interventions reduce human–animal contact protect health; health system strengthening; improvements epidemic preparedness response. Scientists can contribute these efforts filling gaps data, expanding evidence base disease–driver relationships interventions. This Review explores relationship between diseases connected changes Anthropocene.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Multiple independent acquisitions of ACE2 usage in MERS-related coronaviruses DOI Creative Commons

Chengbao Ma,

Chen Liu, Young‐Jun Park

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor is shared by various coronaviruses with distinct receptor-binding domain (RBD) architectures, yet our understanding of these convergent acquisition events remains elusive. Here, we report that two bat MERS-related (MERSr-CoVs) infecting Pipistrellus nathusii (P.nat)-MOW15-22 and PnNL2018B-use ACE2 as their receptor, narrow ortholog specificity. Cryoelectron microscopy structures the MOW15-22/PnNL2018B RBD-ACE2 complexes unveil an unexpected entirely binding mode, mapping >45 Å away from any other known ACE2-using coronaviruses. Functional profiling orthologs 105 mammalian species led to identification host tropism determinants, including N432-glycosylation restricting viral recognition, design a soluble P.nat mutant potent neutralizing activity. Our findings reveal usage for merbecoviruses found in European bats, underscoring extraordinary diversity recognition modes among promiscuity this receptor.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Host Specificity and Geographic Dispersion Shape Virome Diversity in Rhinolophus Bats DOI Open Access
Daxi Wang,

Linmiao Li,

Z. Y. Ren

et al.

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

ABSTRACT Rhinolophus bats have been identified as natural reservoirs for viruses with global health implications, including severe acute respiratory syndrome–related coronaviruses (SARSr‐CoV) and swine diarrhoea syndrome‐related coronavirus (SADSr‐CoV). In this study, we characterised the individual viromes of 603 to systematically investigate diversity, abundance geographic distribution viral communities within R. affinis , sinicus 11 other bat species. The massive metatranscriptomic data revealed substantial genome resources 133 vertebrate‐infecting clusters, which contain occasional cross‐species transmission across mammalian orders especially families. Notably, those included nine clusters closely related human and/or livestock pathogens, such SARS‐CoVs SADS‐CoVs. investigation also highlighted distinct features diversity between colonies, appear be influenced by host population genetics comparison SARSr‐CoVs further showed varied impact specificity along genome‐wide diversification modular evolution among Overall, findings point a complex interaction genetic way spread structure populations, calling continued surveillance efforts understand factors driving emergence in populations. These results present underestimated spillover risk viruses, highlighting importance enhancing preparedness emerging zoonotic viruses.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Emerging viruses: Cross-species transmission of coronaviruses, filoviruses, henipaviruses, and rotaviruses from bats DOI Creative Commons
Jin Tian, Jiumeng Sun,

Dongyan Li

et al.

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 39(11), P. 110969 - 110969

Published: May 30, 2022

Emerging infectious diseases, especially if caused by bat-borne viruses, significantly affect public health and the global economy. There is an urgent need to understand mechanism of interspecies transmission, particularly humans. Viral genetics; host factors, including polymorphisms in receptors; ecological, environmental, population dynamics are major parameters consider. Here, we describe taxonomy, geographic distribution, unique traits bats associated with their importance as virus reservoirs. Then, summarize origin, intermediate hosts, current understanding transmission Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), severe acute (SARS-CoV), SARS-CoV-2, Nipah, Hendra, Ebola, Marburg virus, rotaviruses. Finally, molecular interactions viral surface proteins cell receptors examined, a comparison these humans, conducted. This uncovers adaptive mutations spike protein that facilitate cross-species risk factors emergence novel viruses from bats.

Language: Английский

Citations

51