Memory B cell responses to Omicron subvariants after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA breakthrough infection in humans DOI Creative Commons
Zijun Wang, Pengcheng Zhou,

Frauke Muecksch

et al.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 219(12)

Published: Sept. 23, 2022

Individuals who receive a third mRNA vaccine dose show enhanced protection against severe COVID-19, but little is known about the impact of breakthrough infections on memory responses. Here, we examine antibodies that develop after or fourth antigenic exposure by Delta Omicron BA.1 infection, respectively. A to antigen increases number B cells produce with comparable potency and breadth dose. infection increased variant-specific plasma antibody cell However, did not increase overall frequency their general compared In conclusion, elicits strain-specific responses in cells. contrast, effects are limited effect antibodies. The results suggest boosting compartment may be limited.

Language: Английский

SARS-CoV-2 evolution on a dynamic immune landscape DOI Creative Commons
N. Alexia Raharinirina, Nils Gubela, Daniela Börnigen

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Abstract Since the onset of pandemic, many SARS-CoV-2 variants have emerged, exhibiting substantial evolution in virus’ spike protein 1 , main target neutralizing antibodies 2 . A plausible hypothesis proposes that virus evolves to evade antibody-mediated neutralization (vaccine- or infection-induced) maximize its ability infect an immunologically experienced population 1,3 Because viral infection induces antibodies, may thus navigate on a dynamic immune landscape is shaped by local history. Here we developed comprehensive mechanistic model, incorporating deep mutational scanning data 4,5 antibody pharmacokinetics and regional genomic surveillance data, predict variant-specific relative number susceptible individuals over time. We show this quantity precisely matched historical variant dynamics, predicted future dynamics explained global differences dynamics. Our work strongly suggests ongoing pandemic continues shape immunity, which determines variant’s transmit, defining fitness. The model can be applied any region utilizing allows contextualizing risk assessment provides information for vaccine design.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Efficacy and safety of sipavibart for prevention of COVID-19 in individuals who are immunocompromised (SUPERNOVA): a randomised, controlled, double-blind, phase 3 trial DOI
Ghady Haidar, S. Thomas, Paul Loubet

et al.

The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Omicron BA.2 breakthrough infection enhances cross-neutralization of BA.2.12.1 and BA.4/BA.5 DOI Creative Commons
Alexander Muik, Bonny Gaby Lui,

Maren Bacher

et al.

Science Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(77)

Published: Sept. 20, 2022

BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals after Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection have strong serum-neutralizing activity against BA.1, BA.2, and previous SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) yet less the highly contagious sublineages BA.4 BA.5 that displaced variants. Because latter are derived from we characterized COVID-19 mRNA vaccine triple-immunized who experienced BA.2 infection. We demonstrate sera these broadly neutralizing VOCs all tested sublineages, including BA.2-derived BA.2.12.1 BA.4/BA.5. Furthermore, applying antibody depletion, showed neutralization BA.4/BA.5 by convalescent is driven to a considerable extent antibodies targeting N-terminal domain (NTD) spike glycoprotein. However, depends exclusively on receptor binding (RBD). These findings suggest exposure in contrast glycoprotein, triggers substantial NTD-specific recall responses vaccinated thereby enhances sublineages. Given current epidemiology with predominance such as rapidly ongoing evolution, helped inform development our BA.4/BA.5-adapted vaccine.

Language: Английский

Citations

68
A delicate balance between antibody evasion and ACE2 affinity for Omicron BA.2.75 DOI Creative Commons
Jiandong Huo, Aiste Dijokaite-Guraliuc, Chang Liu

et al.

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 42(1), P. 111903 - 111903

Published: Dec. 14, 2022

Variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have caused successive global waves infection. These variants, with multiple mutations in the spike protein, are thought to facilitate escape from natural and vaccine-induced immunity often increase affinity for ACE2. The latest variant cause concern is BA.2.75, identified India where it now dominant strain, evidence wider dissemination. BA.2.75 derived BA.2 contains four additional receptor-binding domain (RBD). Here, we perform an antigenic biophysical characterization revealing interesting balance between humoral evasion ACE2 receptor affinity. increased 9-fold compared BA.2; there also immune serum, particularly that induced by Delta infection, which may explain rapid spread India, a high background appears be prioritized over greater escape.

Language: Английский

Citations

56
Memory B cell responses to Omicron subvariants after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA breakthrough infection in humans DOI Creative Commons
Zijun Wang, Pengcheng Zhou,

Frauke Muecksch

et al.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 219(12)

Published: Sept. 23, 2022

Individuals who receive a third mRNA vaccine dose show enhanced protection against severe COVID-19, but little is known about the impact of breakthrough infections on memory responses. Here, we examine antibodies that develop after or fourth antigenic exposure by Delta Omicron BA.1 infection, respectively. A to antigen increases number B cells produce with comparable potency and breadth dose. infection increased variant-specific plasma antibody cell However, did not increase overall frequency their general compared In conclusion, elicits strain-specific responses in cells. contrast, effects are limited effect antibodies. The results suggest boosting compartment may be limited.

Language: Английский

Citations

49