Farmed fur animals harbour viruses with zoonotic spillover potential

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 634(8032), P. 228 - 233

Published: Sept. 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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A compendium of 8,176 bat RNA viral metagenomes reveals ecological drivers and circulation dynamics

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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The diverse liver viromes of Australian geckos and skinks are dominated by hepaciviruses and picornaviruses and reflect host taxonomy and habitat

Virus Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Lizards have diverse ecologies and evolutionary histories, represent a promising group to explore how hosts shape virome structure virus evolution. Yet, little is known about the viromes of these animals. In Australia, squamates (lizards snakes) comprise most order vertebrates, Australia highest diversity lizards globally, with greatest breadth habitat use. We used meta-transcriptomic sequencing determine nine co-distributed, tropical lizard species from three taxonomic families in analyzed data identify host traits associated viral abundance diversity. show that carry large viruses, identifying more than thirty novel, highly divergent vertebrate-associated viruses. These viruses were families, including several contain well pathogens, such as Flaviviridae, Picornaviridae, Bornaviridae, Iridoviridae, Rhabdoviridae. Members Flaviviridae particularly abundant across sampled here, largely belonging genus Hepacivirus: fourteen novel hepaciviruses identified, broadening this better defining its evolution by uncovering new reptilian clades. The histories studied here frequently aligned biogeographic phylogenetic hosts, indicating exogenous may help infer history if sampling strategic density high enough. Notably, analysis alpha beta revealed composition richness animals was shaped taxonomy habitat. sum, we identified range reptile broadly contributes our understanding virus-host ecology

Language: Английский

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Decoding the RNA viromes in shrew lungs along the eastern coast of China

npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

Shrews being insectivores, serve as natural reservoirs for a wide array of zoonotic viruses, including the recently discovered Langya henipavirus (LayV) in China 2018. It is crucial to understand shrew-associated virome, viral diversity, and new viruses. In current study, we conducted high-throughput sequencing on lung samples obtained from 398 shrews captured along eastern coast China, characterized high-depth virome 6 common shrew species (Anourosorex squamipes, Crocidura lasiura, shantungensis, tanakae, Sorex caecutiens, Suncus murinus). Our analysis revealed numerous viruses comprising 54 known 72 that significantly enhance our understanding mammalian Notably, 34 identified possess spillover-risk potential six were human pathogenic viruses: LayV, influenza A virus (H5N6), rotavirus A, rabies virus, avian paramyxovirus 1, rat hepatitis E virus. Moreover, ten previously unreported discovered, among them have potential. Additionally, all 12 had ability cross boundaries. data underscore diversity provide foundation further studies into tracing predicting emerging infectious diseases originated shrews.

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary trajectory of diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants at the beginning of COVID-19 outbreak

Virus Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Despite extensive scientific efforts directed toward the evolutionary trajectory of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in humans at beginning COVID-19 epidemic, it remains unclear how virus jumped into and evolved so far. Herein, we recruited almost all adult disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases appeared locally or imported from abroad during first 8 months outbreak Shanghai. From these patients, SARS-CoV-2 genomes occupying important phylogenetic positions phylogeny were recovered. Phylogenetic mutational landscape analyses viral recovered here those collected outside China revealed that known variants exhibited continuity despite co-circulation multiple lineages early period epidemic. Various mutations have driven rapid diversification, some them favor its better adaptation circulation humans, which may determined waxing waning various lineages.

Language: Английский

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Pandemic preparedness: On the efficacy of non‐pharmaceutical interventions in COVID‐19 and about approaches to predict future pandemic viruses

Microbial Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract With three major viral pandemics over the last 100 years, namely Spanish flu, AIDS and COVID‐19 each claiming many millions of lives, pandemic preparedness has become an important issue for public health. The economic, social political consequences upheaval caused by such also represent a challenge governments with respect to sustainable development goals. field is vast current article can only address selected aspects. looks first backwards addresses question efficacy non‐pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) on trajectory pandemic. then forward asking what extent candidates future be predicted virome analyses from metagenome transcriptome sequencing, focusing specific animal species using ecological epidemiological data about spillover infections in veterinary human medicine. As comprehensive overview beyond capacity single reviewer, topics will discussed recent key scientific publications. Since not run its course, computational program able predict evolution SARS‐CoV‐2 mentioned that could assist proactive mRNA vaccine developments against possible variants concern. Ending epidemic necessitates mucosal vaccines suppress transmission therefore this closes discussing promising versatile protein nanoparticle experimental approach inhalation does depend needles nor cold chain distribution.

Language: Английский

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Infectome analysis of bat kidneys from Yunnan province, China, reveals close relatives of Hendra-Nipah viruses and prevalent bacterial and eukaryotic pathogens

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 11, 2025

Abstract Bats are natural reservoirs for a wide range of microorganisms, including many notable zoonotic pathogens. However, the infectome bat kidneys remains poorly understood. To address this gap, we performed meta-transcriptomic sequencing on kidney tissues from 142 bats, spanning ten species sampled at five locations in Yunnan province, China. This analysis identified 22 viral species, 20 novel viruses, two which represented newly discovered henipaviruses closely related to highly pathogenic Hendra and Nipah viruses. These were found bats inhabiting an orchard near villages, raising concerns about potential fruit contamination via urine transmission risks livestock or humans. Additionally, protozoan parasite, tentatively named Klossiella yunnanensis , along with abundant bacterial one is species— Flavobacterium . findings broaden our understanding infectome, underscore critical threats, highlight need comprehensive, full-spectrum microbial analyses previously understudied organs better assess spillover populations.

Language: Английский

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A study on the codon usage bias of arenavirus common genes

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Introduction The Arenaviridae family consists of the genera Mammarenavirus , Reptarenavirus Hartmanivirus Antennavirus and Innmovirus . codon usage bias between different has not yet been studied comparatively. Methods We retrieved arenavirus genome sequences from public databases used bioinformatics tools to compare for GPC, NP L proteins, common all arenaviruses. Results discussion Hartmaniviruses show a larger bias, which can be partially explained by mutational bias. Patterns relative use synonymous codons were maintained within genera, with individual differing in their preference third nucleotide position codons. Of three proteins examined, ARN polymerase protein exhibited slightly stronger but overall, patterns repeated examined. Our results suggest that pattern arenaviruses is influenced selection pressure lesser extent selection.

Language: Английский

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Insect-specific Alphamesonivirus-1 ( Mesoniviridae ) in lymph node and lung tissues from two horses with acute respiratory syndrome

Journal of Virology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

ABSTRACT Members of the RNA virus order Nidovirales infect hosts ranging from marine invertebrates to terrestrial mammals. As such, understanding determinants host range in this group viruses, as well their patterns emergence and disease potential, is clear importance. The Mesoniviridae are a recently documented family within . To date, mesoniviruses have only been associated with infection arthropod species, particularly mosquitoes, hence regarded insect-specific viruses (ISVs). Herein, we report first detection mesonivirus—Alphamesonivirus-1 —in Specifically, utilized genomic histological techniques identify Alphamesonivirus-1 lung lymph node tissues two horses (a mare its foal) Italy that succumbed an acute respiratory syndrome. genome sequences obtained were closely related each other those local Culex mosquito pool previously identified Italy, indicative ongoing transmission. discovery horse prompts further investigation into mesoniviruses, possible role mammalian processes, barriers cross-species transmission, potential epizootic threats posed by understudied viral families. IMPORTANCE Alphamesoniviruses, members Mesoniviridaeare, considered no known association vertebrate hosts. identification Using detailed molecular analyses, presented syndrome was phylogenetically found mosquitoes. Hence, Alphamesoniviruses may possess broader than believed, prompting disease. This work highlights need for increased surveillance atypical unexplained illness, including commonly assumed be insect-specific, implications emergence.

Language: Английский

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Global Prevalence of Porcine Astrovirus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 238, P. 106465 - 106465

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Language: Английский

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