Inactivated vaccine dosage and serum IgG levels correlate with persistent COVID-19 infections in hematologic malignancy patients during the Omicron Surge in China DOI Creative Commons
Ye Li,

Ye Yang,

Xuewu Zhang

et al.

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Oct. 11, 2024

The essence of this scholarly work was to carefully outline the key factors intensifying virulence and protracted contagion COVID-19, particularly among individuals afflicted with hematologic malignancies (HM), in an epoch predominantly governed by Omicron variant. Adults HM diagnosed COVID-19 from November 2022 February 2023 were monitored retrospective study. Patient blood samples yielded biochemical data, confirmed through RNA or antigen testing. affecting severity infection duration examined using both univariate multivariate logistic regression analyses. For calculating overall survival probabilities, Kaplan–Meier product limit approach employed. In cohort, 133 concomitantly infected scrutinized. Of participants, 29.3% (39 patients) classified as Severe/Critical, while other 70.7% (94 categorized Non-severe. A significant difference observed vaccination status: 61.7% patients Non-severe group had received at least a two-dose vaccine regimen, whereas 61.5% Severe/Critical either minimal only one dose vaccination. data analysis revealed that elevated C-reactive protein levels (≥ 100 mg/L) significantly raised risk severe/critical conditions determined advanced regression. odds ratio 3.415 95% confidence interval 1.294–9.012 (p = 0.013). Patients who continued have positive nucleic acid tests ongoing symptoms beyond 30 days having persistent infection, those achieved control within timeframe recovery. 11 did not survive after diagnosis. results competing model increased interleukin-6 (HR: 2.626, CI: 1.361–5.075; p 0.004) associated infection. Conversely, receiving more than two doses 0.366, 0.158–0.846; 0.019), high IgG 1000 mg/dl) 0.364, 0.167–0.791; 0.011), There notable disparity rates between infections recovery, non-persistent demonstrating superior outcomes (P < 0.001). conclusion, study higher likelihood severe health outcomes. Persistent tended be prevalent dosages (< 2 doses), lower levels, levels.

Language: Английский

SARS-CoV-2 and innate immunity: the good, the bad, and the “goldilocks” DOI Creative Commons
Benjamín L. Sievers, Mark T. K. Cheng,

Kata Csiba

et al.

Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(2), P. 171 - 183

Published: Nov. 20, 2023

Abstract An ancient conflict between hosts and pathogens has driven the innate adaptive arms of immunity. Knowledge about this interplay can not only help us identify biological mechanisms but also reveal pathogen vulnerabilities that be leveraged therapeutically. The humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 infection been focus intense research, role immune system received significantly less attention. Here, we review current knowledge various means employs evade defense systems. We consider immunity in vaccines phenomenon long COVID.

Language: Английский

Citations

51
Long-term remission and survival in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma after treatment with LCAR-B38M CAR T cells: 5-year follow-up of the LEGEND-2 trial DOI Creative Commons
Jie Xu, Baiyan Wang, Shanhe Yu

et al.

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: April 24, 2024

The autologous anti-B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) chimeric receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy LCAR-B38M has been approved for the treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma in many countries across world under name ciltacabtagene autoleucel. LEGEND-2 was first-in-human trial yielded deep durable therapeutic responses. Here, we reported outcomes after a minimal 5-year follow-up.

Language: Английский

Citations

28
Robust mucosal SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells effectively combat COVID-19 and establish polyfunctional resident memory in patient lungs DOI Creative Commons
Airu Zhu, Chen Zhao, Qihong Yan

et al.

Nature Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

2
B-cell and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2: infection, vaccination, and hybrid immunity DOI Creative Commons
Dennis Lapuente, Thomas Winkler, Matthias Tenbusch

et al.

Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(2), P. 144 - 158

Published: Nov. 10, 2023

Abstract The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 2019 prompted scientific, medical, and biotech communities to investigate infection- vaccine-induced immune responses the context this pathogen. B-cell antibody are at center these investigations, as neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) an important correlate protection (COP) from infection primary target SARS-CoV-2 vaccine modalities. In addition absolute levels, nAb longevity, neutralization breadth, immunoglobulin isotype subtype composition, presence mucosal sites have become topics for scientists health policy makers. recent pandemic was still is a unique setting which study de novo memory (MBC) dynamic interplay immunity. It also provided opportunity explore new platforms, such mRNA or adenoviral vector vaccines, unprecedented cohort sizes. Combined with technological advances years, situation has detailed mechanistic insights into development but revealed some unexpected findings. review, we summarize key findings last 2.5 years regarding immunity, believe significant value not only future vaccination approaches endemic settings.

Language: Английский

Citations

37
Harnessing T-Cells for Enhanced Vaccine Development against Viral Infections DOI Creative Commons
Zhen Zhuang, Jianfen Zhuo,

Yaochang Yuan

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 478 - 478

Published: April 29, 2024

Despite significant strides in vaccine research and the availability of vaccines for many infectious diseases, threat posed by both known emerging diseases persists. Moreover, breakthrough infections following vaccination remain a concern. Therefore, development novel is imperative. These must exhibit robust protective efficacy, broad-spectrum coverage, long-lasting immunity. One promising avenue lies leveraging T-cells, which play crucial role adaptive immunity regulate immune responses during viral infections. T-cell recognition can target highly variable or conserved proteins, memory T-cells offer potential durable Consequently, T-cell-based hold promise advancing efforts. This review delves into latest advancements across various platforms discusses associated challenges.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in vasculitis-related immune suppression DOI Creative Commons
Kimia Kamelian, Benjamín L. Sievers,

Michael Chen‐Xu

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(7)

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Immune suppression poses a challenge to vaccine immunogenicity. We show that serum antibody neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron descendants was largely absent post-doses 1 and 2 in individuals with vasculitis treated rituximab. Detectable increasing neutralizing titers were observed 3 4, except for XBB. Rituximab exacerbates deficits over standard immunosuppressive therapy, although impairment resolves time since dosing. discordance between detectable IgG binding activity specifically the context of rituximab use, high proportions showing reasonable titer but no neutralization. ADCC response more frequently compared rituximab, indicating notable proportion antibodies are non-neutralizing. Therefore, use is associated severe despite repeated vaccinations, better preservation non-neutralizing activity.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Unlocking the potential of circular RNA vaccines: a bioinformatics and computational biology perspective DOI Creative Commons
Xuyuan Liu,

S H Wang,

Yunan Sun

et al.

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 114, P. 105638 - 105638

Published: March 19, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Natural Infection of Omicron BA.5.2 in Patients Provides Broad Immune Responses Against SARS-CoV-2 DOI Creative Commons
Le Li, Feng Tang, Quan Shen

et al.

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 746 - 746

Published: March 26, 2025

The implementation of COVID-19 policy and the rapid development SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in early pandemic significantly contained numerous outbreaks reduced severity mortality COVID-19. However, population immunity induced by existing was insufficient to prevent outbreaks. host wide spread Omicron variants its influence on emerging are attracting broad attention. In this study, a clinical data analysis patients indicated that pre-vaccination inflammatory responses mitigated cases caused natural infection with BA.5.2. adaptive immune BA.5.2 robust responses, including both humoral T cell-mediated (IFN-γ) against highly conserved viral antigens, provided cross-reactive neutralization various variants. Collectively, we report variants, which suggests live attenuated vaccine desired safety, high efficacy, spectrum, long-term persistence is feasible. Therefore, suggest herd immunity, achieved through vaccination vaccines, combined booster doses antiviral therapy for people loads, may contribute eradication virus.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Three in one: An effective and universal vaccine expressing heterologous tandem RBD trimer by rabies virus vector protects mice against SARS-CoV-2 DOI

Jingbo Huang,

Weiqi Wang, Hailun Li

et al.

Antiviral Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 227, P. 105905 - 105905

Published: May 11, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

3
T cell hybrid immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in children: a longitudinal study DOI Creative Commons
Martin Qui, Smrithi Hariharaputran, Shou Kit Hang

et al.

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 105, P. 105203 - 105203

Published: June 18, 2024

Hybrid immunity to SARS-CoV-2, resulting from both vaccination and natural infection, remains insufficiently understood in paediatric populations, despite increasing rates of breakthrough infections among vaccinated children.

Language: Английский

Citations

3