Post-stroke deficit prediction from lesion and indirect structural and functional disconnection

Brain, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 143(7), P. 2173 - 2188

Published: May 21, 2020

Abstract Behavioural deficits in stroke reflect both structural damage at the site of injury, and widespread network dysfunction caused by structural, functional, metabolic disconnection. Two recent methods allow for estimation functional disconnection from clinical imaging. This is achieved embedding a patient’s lesion into an atlas connections healthy subjects, deriving ensemble that pass through lesion, thus indirectly estimating its impact on whole brain connectome. indirect assessment more readily available than direct measures connectivity obtained with diffusion MRI, respectively, it theory applicable to wide variety disorders. To validate relevance these methods, we quantified prediction behavioural prospective cohort 132 first-time patients studied 2 weeks post-injury (mean age 52.8 years, range 22–77; 63 females; 64 right hemispheres). Specifically, used multivariate ridge regression relate multiple domains (left visual, left motor, language, spatial attention, verbal memory) pattern or In subgroup patients, also measured alterations resting-state MRI. Both maps were predictive impairment all (0.16 < R2 0.58) except memory (0.05 0.06). Prediction was scarce negligible (0.01 0.18) visual field (R2 = 0.38), even though anatomically plausible domains. MRI subset clearly superior conclusion, successfully predicted post-stroke level comparable information. However, did not predict deficits, nor substitute measurements, especially cognitive

Language: Английский

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Causal mapping of human brain function

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(6), P. 361 - 375

Published: April 20, 2022

Language: Английский

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Revisiting the Functional Anatomy of the Human Brain: Toward a Meta-Networking Theory of Cerebral Functions

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 100(3), P. 1181 - 1228

Published: Feb. 20, 2020

For more than one century, brain processing was mainly thought in a localizationist framework, which given function underpinned by discrete, isolated cortical area, and with similar cerebral organization across individuals. However, advances mapping techniques humans have provided new insights into the organizational principles of anatomo-functional architecture. Here, we review recent findings gained from neuroimaging, electrophysiological, as well lesion studies. Based on these data connectome, challenge traditional, outdated view propose an alternative meta-networking theory. This model holds that complex cognitions behaviors arise spatiotemporal integration distributed but relatively specialized networks underlying conation cognition (e.g., language, spatial cognition). Dynamic interactions between such circuits result perpetual succession equilibrium states, opening door to considerable interindividual behavioral variability neuroplastic phenomena. Indeed, underlies uniquely human propensity learn abilities, also explains how postlesional reshaping can lead some degrees functional compensation brain-damaged patients. We discuss major implications this approach fundamental neurosciences for clinical developments, especially neurology, psychiatry, neurorehabilitation, restorative neurosurgery.

Language: Английский

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Lesion Quantification Toolkit: A MATLAB software tool for estimating grey matter damage and white matter disconnections in patients with focal brain lesions

NeuroImage Clinical, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 30, P. 102639 - 102639

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Lesion studies are an important tool for cognitive neuroscientists and neurologists. However, while brain lesion have traditionally aimed to localize neurological symptoms specific anatomical loci, a growing body of evidence indicates that diseases such as stroke best conceptualized network disorders. While researchers in the fields neuroscience neurology therefore increasingly interested quantifying effects focal lesions on white matter connections form brain's structural connectome, few dedicated tools exist facilitate this endeavor. Here, we present Quantification Toolkit, publicly available MATLAB software package impacts lesions. The Toolkit uses atlas-based approaches estimate parcel-level grey loads multiple measures disconnection severity include tract-level measures, voxel-wise maps, parcel-wise matrices. toolkit also estimates lesion-induced increases lengths shortest paths between parcel pairs, which provide information about changes higher-order topology. We describe detail each different produced by toolkit, discuss their applications considerations relevant use, perform example analyses using real behavioral data collected from sub-acute patients. show performed produce results highly consistent with been reported prior literature, demonstrate consistency obtained conducted toolkit. anticipate will empower address research questions would be difficult or impossible traditional alone, ultimately, lead advances our understanding how disconnections contribute cognitive, behavioral, physiological consequences

Language: Английский

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Glioblastoma and brain connectivity: the need for a paradigm shift

The Lancet Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(7), P. 740 - 748

Published: June 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Damage to Broca’s area does not contribute to long-term speech production outcome after stroke

Brain, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 144(3), P. 817 - 832

Published: Dec. 28, 2020

Abstract Broca’s area in the posterior half of left inferior frontal gyrus has long been thought to be critical for speech production. The current view is that long-term production outcome patients with damage best explained by combination and neighbouring regions including underlying white matter, which was also damaged Paul two historic cases. Here, we dissociate effect from surrounding areas studying 134 stroke survivors relatively circumscribed lobe lesions spared lateral parietal superior temporal association cortices. Collectively, these had varying degrees one or more nine atlas-based grey matter regions: Brodmann 44 45 (together known as area), ventral premotor cortex, primary motor insula, putamen, anterior segment arcuate fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus aslant tract. Spoken picture description scores Comprehensive Aphasia Test were used measure. Multiple regression analyses allowed us tease apart contribution other variables influencing abilities such total lesion volume time post-stroke. We found that, our sample damage, impairments (lasting beyond 3 months post-stroke) solely predicted degree directly above vicinity part no (as confirmed Bayesian statistics). cannot a disconnection area, because worse after relative sparing than fasciculus. Our findings provide evidence three novel conclusions: (i) does not contribute strokes; (ii) persistent area; (iii) prior between can co-occurring

Language: Английский

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The future of human behaviour research

Nature Human Behaviour, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 15 - 24

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

Language: Английский

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Cognitive impairment after focal brain lesions is better predicted by damage to structural than functional network hubs

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118(19)

Published: May 3, 2021

Significance Hubs are highly connected brain regions that important for coordinating processing in networks and supporting cognition. There several different methods characterizing network hubs gray white matter, yet it is unclear which of these hub measures identify sites most critical Here, we use data from two large cohorts patients with focal damage to show lesions matter dense structural connections have the strongest association cognitive impairment, while functional centrality weaker associations. These findings highlight role densely cognition, helps explain interindividual differences outcomes following damage.

Language: Английский

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Neuroplasticity of Acupuncture for Stroke: An Evidence-Based Review of MRI

Neural Plasticity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2021, P. 1 - 14

Published: Aug. 19, 2021

Acupuncture is widely recognized as a potentially effective treatment for stroke rehabilitation. Researchers in this area are actively investigating its therapeutic mechanisms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), noninvasive, high anatomical resolution technique, has been employed to investigate neuroplasticity on acupuncture patients from system level. However, there no review the mechanism of based MRI. Therefore, we aim summarize current evidence about aspect and provide useful information future research. After searching PubMed, Web Science, Embase databases, 24 human five animal studies were identified. This focuses possible mechanisms underlying therapy treating by regulating brain plasticity. We found that reorganizes not only motor-related network, including primary motor cortex (M1), premotor cortex, supplementary (SMA), frontoparietal network (LFPN RFPN), sensorimotor (SMN), well default mode (aDMN pDMN), but also language-related areas inferior frontal gyrus frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital lobes, cognition-related regions. In addition, can modulate function structural plasticity post-stroke, which may be linked effect acupuncture.

Language: Английский

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The functional characterization of callosal connections

Progress in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 208, P. 102186 - 102186

Published: Nov. 12, 2021

The brain operates through the synaptic interaction of distant neurons within flexible, often heterogeneous, distributed systems. Histological studies have detailed connections between neurons, but their functional characterization deserves further exploration. Studies performed on corpus callosum in animals and humans are unique that they capitalize results obtained from several neuroscience disciplines. Such data inspire a new interpretation function callosal delineate novel road map, thus paving way toward general theory cortico-cortical connectivity. Here we suggest axons can drive post-synaptic targets preferentially when coupled to other inputs endowing cortical network with high degree conditionality. This might depend factors, such as pattern convergence-divergence, excitatory inhibitory operation mode, range conduction velocities, variety homotopic heterotopic projections and, finally, state-dependency firing. We propose that, addition direct stimulation targets, play conditional driving or modulatory role, which depends task contingencies, documented by recent studies.

Language: Английский

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