ENHANCED RESTORATION OF VISUAL CODE AFTER TARGETING ON BIPOLAR CELLS COMPARED TO RETINAL GANGLION CELLS WITH OPTOGENETIC THERAPY

Molecular Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 33(3), P. 1264 - 1281

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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A single-nucleus RNA sequencing atlas of the postnatal retina of the shark Scyliorhinus canicula

Scientific Data, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Language: Английский

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Altered proportions of retinal cell types and distinct visual codes in rodents occupying divergent ecological niches

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Vertebrate retinas share a basic blueprint comprising 5 neuronal classes arranged according to common wiring diagram. Yet, vision is aligned with species differences in behavior and ecology, raising the question of how evolution acts on this circuit adjust its computational characteristics. We address that problem by comparing thalamic visual code retinal cell composition closely related occupying different niches: Rhabdomys pumilio, which are day-active murid rodents, nocturnal laboratory mice (Mus musculus). Using high-density electrophysiological recordings, we compare responses at both single-unit population levels thalamus these two species. find achieves higher spatiotemporal resolution through selective expansion information channels characterized non-linear summation. Comparative analysis single-cell transcriptomic atlases reveals difference originates increased relative abundance bipolar ganglion types supporting OFF ON-OFF responses. These findings demonstrate may drive changes neural computation adjusting proportions shared rather than inventing new show power matching physiological recordings study brain.

Language: Английский

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Cadherin 4 assembles a family of color-preferring retinal circuits that respond to light offset

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Linking transcriptomes with morphological and functional phenotypes in mammalian retinal ganglion cells

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 40(11), P. 111322 - 111322

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the brain's gateway to visual world. They can be classified into different types on basis of their electrophysiological, transcriptomic, or morphological characteristics. Here, we characterize morphological, and functional features 472 high-quality RGCs using Patch sequencing (Patch-seq), providing annotation many transcriptomic-defined cell a previously established RGC atlas. We show convergence modalities in defining identity reveal degree correspondence for well-characterized across multimodal data. Moreover, complement some with detailed properties. also identify differentially expressed genes among ON, OFF, ON-OFF such as Vat1l, Slitrk6, Lmo7, candidate marker studies. Our research suggests that molecularly distinct clusters may differ roles encoding information.

Language: Английский

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Differences in spike generation instead of synaptic inputs determine the feature selectivity of two retinal cell types

Neuron, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 110(13), P. 2110 - 2123.e4

Published: May 3, 2022

Language: Английский

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Retinal Prostheses: Engineering and Clinical Perspectives for Vision Restoration

Sensors, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(13), P. 5782 - 5782

Published: June 21, 2023

A retinal prosthesis, also known as a bionic eye, is device that can be implanted to partially restore vision in patients with diseases have resulted the loss of photoreceptors (e.g., age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa). Recently, there been major breakthroughs prosthesis technology, creation numerous types implants, including epiretinal, subretinal, suprachoroidal sensors. These devices stimulate remaining cells retina electric signals create visual sensation. literature review pre-clinical clinical studies published between 2017 2023 conducted. This narrative delves into anatomy, physiology, pathology, principles underlying electronic prostheses. Engineering aspects are explored, electrode–retina alignment, electrode size material, charge density, resolution limits, spatial selectivity, bidirectional closed-loop systems. article discusses aspects, focusing on safety, adverse events, function, outcomes, importance rehabilitation programs. Moreover, ongoing debate over whether implantable still offer promising approach for treatment diseases, considering recent emergence cell-based gene-based therapies well optogenetics. compares prostheses these alternative therapies, providing balanced perspective their advantages limitations. The advancements technology outlined, emphasizing progress engineering outlook While acknowledging challenges complexities this highlights significant potential restoration individuals calls continued research development refine enhance performance, ultimately improving patient outcomes quality life.

Language: Английский

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A circuit suppressing retinal drive to the optokinetic system during fast image motion

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Aug. 23, 2023

Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) assists stabilization of the retinal image during head rotation. OKN is driven by ON direction selective ganglion cells (ON DSGCs), which encode both and speed global slip. The synaptic circuits responsible for selectivity DSGCs are well understood, but those sculpting their slow-speed preference remain enigmatic. Here, we probe this mechanism in mouse retina through patch clamp recordings, functional imaging, genetic manipulation, electron microscopic reconstructions. We confirm earlier evidence that feedforward glycinergic inhibition main suppressor DSGC responses to fast motion, reveal source inhibition-the VGluT3 amacrine cell, a dual neurotransmitter, excitatory/inhibitory interneuron. Together, our results identify role limiting range OKN. More broadly, they suggest shape response many cell types suppressing it some while enhancing others.

Language: Английский

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Evolution of neuronal cell classes and types in the vertebrate retina

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 8, 2023

The basic plan of the retina is conserved across vertebrates, yet species differ profoundly in their visual needs (Baden et al., 2020). One might expect that retinal cell types evolved to accommodate these varied needs, but this has not been systematically studied. Here, we generated and integrated single-cell transcriptomic atlases from 17 species: humans, two non-human primates, four rodents, three ungulates, opossum, ferret, tree shrew, a teleost fish, bird, reptile lamprey. Molecular conservation six classes (photoreceptors, horizontal cells, bipolar amacrine ganglion cells [RGCs] Muller glia) striking, with differences correlated evolutionary distance. Major subclasses are also conserved, whereas variation among within or more pronounced. However, an integrative analysis revealed numerous shared based on gene expression programs likely trace back common ancestor jawed vertebrates. degree increases outer (photoreceptors) inner (RGCs), suggesting evolution acts preferentially shape output. Finally, identified mammalian orthologs midget RGCs, which comprise >80% RGCs human retina, subserve high-acuity vision, were believed be primate-specific (Berson, 2008); contrast, mouse <2% RGCs. Projections both primate orthologous overrepresented thalamus, supplies primary cortex. We suggest innovations, descendants evolutionarily ancient decreased size increased number as primates evolved, thereby facilitating high acuity cortical processing information.

Language: Английский

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Birds multiplex spectral and temporal visual information via retinal On- and Off-channels

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Aug. 31, 2023

In vertebrate vision, early retinal circuits divide incoming visual information into functionally opposite elementary signals: On and Off, transient sustained, chromatic achromatic. Together these signals can yield an efficient representation of the scene for transmission to brain via optic nerve. However, this long-standing interpretation function is based on mammals, it unclear whether functional arrangement common all vertebrates. Here we show that male poultry chicks use a fundamentally different strategy communicate from eye brain. Rather than using pairs output channels, encode polarity, timing, spectral composition stimuli in highly correlated manner: fast achromatic encoded by Off-circuits, slow overwhelmingly On-circuits. Moreover, most channels combine On- Off-circuits simultaneously encode, or multiplex, both information. Our results birds conform evidence fish, amphibians, reptiles which retain full ancestral complement four types cone photoreceptors.

Language: Английский

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