Environment International,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
139, P. 105689 - 105689
Published: April 4, 2020
Infectious
diseases
are
acknowledged
as
one
of
the
most
critical
threats
to
global
public
health
today.
Climate
change,
unprecedented
population
growth
with
accelerated
rates
antimicrobial
resistance,
have
resulted
in
both
emergence
novel
pathogenic
organisms
and
re-emergence
infections
that
were
once
controlled.
The
consequences
led
an
increased
vulnerability
infectious
globally.
ability
rapidly
monitor
spread
is
key
for
prevention,
intervention
control,
however
several
limitations
exist
current
surveillance
systems
capacity
cope
rapid
environmental
changes.
Wastewater-Based
Epidemiology
(WBE)
a
new
epidemiology
tool
has
potential
act
complementary
approach
disease
early
warning
system
outbreaks.
WBE
postulates
through
analysis
pooled
wastewater,
resistance
spread,
outbreak
community
level
can
be
monitored
comprehensively
real-time.
This
manuscript
provides
overview
status,
well
it
introduces
its
recent
advancements.
It
also
recommendations
further
development
required
application
effective
surveillance.
Environment International,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
140, P. 105733 - 105733
Published: April 27, 2020
A
comprehensive
monitoring
of
a
broad
set
antibiotics
in
the
final
effluent
wastewater
treatment
plants
(WWTPs)
7
European
countries
(Portugal,
Spain,
Ireland,
Cyprus,
Germany,
Finland,
and
Norway)
was
carried
out
two
consecutive
years
(2015
2016).
This
is
first
study
this
kind
performed
at
an
international
level.
Within
53
monitored
17
were
detected
least
once
WWTPs,
i.e.:
ciprofloxacin,
ofloxacin,
enrofloxacin,
orbifloxacin,
azithromycin,
clarithromycin,
sulfapyridine,
sulfamethoxazole,
trimethoprim,
nalidixic
acid,
pipemidic
oxolinic
cefalexin,
clindamycin,
metronidazole,
ampicillin,
tetracycline.
The
exhibiting
highest
average
concentrations
Ireland
southern
Portugal
whereas
northern
(Norway,
Finland
Germany)
Cyprus
exhibited
lower
total
concentration.
antibiotic
occurrence
data
effluents
used
for
assessment
their
impact
on
aquatic
environment.
Both,
environmental
predicted
no
effect
concentration
(PNEC-ENVs)
PNECs
based
minimal
inhibitory
(PNEC-MICs)
considered
evaluation
microbial
communities
systems
evolution
resistance,
respectively.
Based
analysis,
three
compounds,
azithromycin
cefalexin
are
proposed
as
markers
pollution,
they
could
occasionally
pose
risk
to
Integrated
studies
like
crucial
map
pollution
provide
basis
designing
water
quality
regular
programs.
European Journal of Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
866, P. 172813 - 172813
Published: Nov. 18, 2019
The
environmental
occurrence
of
antimicrobial
pharmaceuticals
and
antibiotic
resistant
bacteria
genes
has
become
a
global
phenomenon
multifaceted
threat.
Integrated
actions
many
parties
are
needed
to
prevent
further
aggravation
the
problem.
Well-directed
require
clear
understanding
problem,
which
can
be
ensured
by
frequent
revaluation
existing
knowledge
disseminating
it
among
relevant
audiences.
goal
this
review
paper
is
discuss
abundance
in
aquatic
environment
context
adverse
effects
caused
directly
these
substances
threat
associated
with
antibiotics
resistance
phenomenon.
Several
classes
(aminoglycosides,
β-lactams,
glycopeptides,
macrolides,
fluoroquinolones,
sulfonamides
trimethoprim,
tetracyclines)
have
been
selected
illustrate
their
sources,
abundance,
degradation
routes
(transformation
products)
implications
including
ecotoxic
effect
spread
within
compartments
wastewater
treatment
plants.
Wastewater
plants
indeed
main
source
responsible
for
prevalence
factors
environment,
since
predominantly
not
designed
retain
pharmaceuticals.
In
order
limit
impurities
into
better
control
recommended
as
well
establishment
stricter
quality
standards.
Counteracting
all
above-mentioned
threats
requires
undertake
integrated
activities
based
on
cooperation
professionals
scientists
from
various
fields
science
or
industry,
such
sciences,
medicine,
veterinary,
pharmacology,
chemical
engineering
others.
Journal of Hazardous Materials,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
424, P. 127284 - 127284
Published: Sept. 22, 2021
Pharmaceuticals
and
personal
care
products
(PPCPs)
are
found
in
wastewater,
thus,
the
environment.
In
this
study,
current
knowledge
about
occurrence
fate
of
PPCPs
aquatic
systems-including
wastewater
treatment
plants
(WWTPs)
natural
waters
around
world-is
critically
reviewed
to
inform
state
science
highlight
existing
gaps.
Excretion
by
humans
is
primary
route
entry
into
municipal
systems,
but
significant
contributions
also
occur
through
emissions
from
hospitals,
manufacturers,
agriculture.
Abundance
raw
influenced
several
factors,
including
population
density
demography
served
WWTPs,
presence
hospitals
drugs
manufacturers
sewershed,
disease
burden
served,
local
regulations,
climatic
conditions.
Based
on
data
obtained
analgesics,
antibiotics,
stimulants
(e.g.,
caffeine)
most
abundant
wastewater.
conventional
removal
occurs
during
secondary
treatment,
overall
exceeds
90%
for
treatable
PPCPs.
Regardless,
total
PPCP
mass
discharged
with
effluent
an
average
WWTP
receiving
(7.35-20,160
g/day)
still
considerable,
because
potential
adverse
effects
some
(such
as
ibuprofen)
organisms
within
measured
concentrations
surface
waters.
Critical Reviews in Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
38(8), P. 1195 - 1208
Published: May 28, 2018
Antimicrobial
and
antibiotics
resistance
caused
by
misuse
or
overuse
of
exposure
is
a
growing
significant
threat
to
global
public
health.
The
spread
horizontal
transfer
antibiotic
resistant
bacteria
(ARB)
genes
(ARGs)
the
selective
pressure
in
an
aquatic
environment
major
health
issue.
To
develop
better
understanding
potential
ecological
risks
die
ARGs,
this
study
mainly
summarizes
research
progress
about:
(i)
occurrence,
concentration,
fate,
effects
ARGs
various
environments,
(ii)
threat,
spread,
gene
(HGT)
(iii)
relationship
between
antibiotics,
ARB.
Finally,
review
also
proposes
future
direction
on
ARGs.
