Energy & Fuels,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
39(9), P. 4151 - 4176
Published: Feb. 20, 2025
Sulfur-containing
gaseous
pollutants
(e.g.,
H2S,
SO2,
and
COS)
emitted
from
various
industries
are
important
sources
of
air
pollution.
Because
the
advantages
a
simple
clean
process,
renewability
adsorbent,
cheap
raw
materials,
adsorption
removal
sulfur-containing
by
biochar
has
good
development
prospect.
However,
due
to
scarce
active
functional
groups
sites
on
an
underdeveloped
pore
structure,
application
still
limited
in
this
field.
Activation
modification
one
most
effective
ways
raise
surface
groups,
improve
structure
biochar.
This
paper
reviews
recent
research
progress
activation
methods
for
adsorbing
(H2S,
COS).
Various
classified
summarized,
including
acid/alkali
activation,
microwave
metal
oxide
modification,
nitrogen
doping
other
emerging
methods.
The
main
process
parameters,
advantages,
disadvantages
each
method
introduced
detail.
mechanisms
as
well
also
discussed
summarized.
Among
these
methods,
photochemical
technology
low
energy
consumption,
especially
it
can
simultaneously
produce
oxygen-containing
carbon
showing
superior
prospects.
review
will
provide
needed
guidance
inspiration
researchers
related
areas
develop
new
biochar-based
desulfurization
adsorbents.
RSC Advances,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(7), P. 4275 - 4302
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Due
to
the
rapid
development
of
social
economy
and
massive
increase
in
population,
human
beings
continue
undertake
processing,
commercial
manufacturing
activities
heavy
metals,
which
has
caused
serious
damage
environment
health.
Heavy
metals
lead
environmental
problems
such
as
soil
contamination
water
pollution.
Human
health
living
are
closely
affected
by
handling
metals.
Researchers
must
find
several
simple,
economical
practical
methods
adsorb
Adsorption
technology
been
recognized
an
efficient
economic
strategy,
exhibiting
advantages
recovering
reusing
adsorbents.
Biomass-derived
activated
carbon
adsorbents
offer
large
adjustable
specific
surface
area,
hierarchically
porous
structure,
strong
adsorption
capacity,
excellent
high
applicability.
This
paper
focuses
on
reviewing
preparation
biomass-derived
past
five
years.
The
application
representative
preferentially
was
described
optimize
critical
parameters
activation
type
samples
process
conditions.
key
factors
adsorbent,
physicochemical
properties
conditions
affecting
highlighted.
In
addition,
challenges
faced
also
discussed.
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
71, P. 433 - 464
Published: May 22, 2024
This
paper
provides
an
in-depth
examination
of
critical
and
strategic
raw
materials
(CRMs)
their
crucial
role
in
the
development
electrolyzer
fuel
cell
technologies
within
hydrogen
economy.
It
methodically
analyses
a
range
technologies,
including
alkaline,
proton-exchange
membrane,
solid-oxide,
anion-exchange
proton-conducting
ceramic
systems.
Each
technology
is
examined
for
its
specific
CRM
dependencies,
operational
characteristics,
challenges
associated
with
availability
sustainability.
The
study
further
extends
to
storage
separation
focusing
on
employed
high-pressure
cylinders,
metal
hydrides,
processes,
implications.
A
key
aspect
this
exploration
supply
demand
dynamics
CRMs,
offering
comprehensive
view
that
encompasses
both
present
sttate
future
projections.
aim
uncover
potential
risks,
understand
strategies,
identify
bottlenecks
involved
addressing
current
needs
demands
as
well
supply.
approach
essential
planning
sustainable
sector,
emphasizing
importance
CRMs
achieving
expanded
capacity
leading
up
2050.
SN Applied Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
5(12)
Published: Nov. 7, 2023
Abstract
In
this
study,
activated
carbon
was
synthesized
using
the
almond
shell
and
palm
kernel
by
physical
activation
with
water
vapor
chemical
phosphoric
acid
(H
3
PO
4
)
methods.
Then,
structural
optical
properties
of
carbons
were
characterized
X-ray
diffraction
(XRD),
scanning
electron
microscopy
(SEM),
Fourier
transform
infrared
spectroscopy
(FTIR)
UV–Vis
spectroscopy.
The
SEM
images
showed
that
in
raw
sample
hard
kernel,
there
is
no
porosity
pores,
but
samples,
defects
clearly
observed.
XRD
patterns
porous
amorphous
structure
formed
all
samples
activation.
results
FTIR
spectra
are
functional
groups
samples.
absorption
coefficient
(α)
methods
obtained
order
10
5
–10
6
.
band
gap
measurement
nanostructures
have
energy
(E
g
region
=
2.80
to
3.15
eV
urbach
U
120
210
meV.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
57(41), P. 15703 - 15714
Published: Oct. 5, 2023
Volatile
organic
compounds
(VOCs)
are
one
of
the
main
classes
air
pollutants,
and
it
is
important
to
develop
efficient
adsorbents
remove
them
from
atmosphere.
To
do
this
most
efficiently,
we
need
understand
mechanism
VOC
adsorption.
In
work,
described
how
metal
framework
(MOF),
ZIF-8,
was
used
as
a
precursor
generate
MOF
derivatives
(Zn-GC)
through
temperature-controlled
calcination,
which
had
adjustable
sites
hierarchical
pore
structure.
It
model
adsorbent
study
adsorption
desorption
characteristics
different
VOCs.
Zn-GC-850
with
developed
pores
exhibited
higher
performance
for
benzene
series,
whereas
Zn-GC-650
more
better
capacity
oxygen-containing
By
tuning
molecular
structure
VOCs,
revealed
VOCs
at
level.
The
obtained
temperature
facilitates
diffusion
noncovalent
interaction
between
their
methyl
group(s)
carbonized
improves
affinity;
while
exposure
Zn
lower
favors
by
Zn-O
bonds.
mass
transfers
role
were
simulated
multiple
theoretical
models.
This
strengthens
basis
design
optimization
catalyst
treatment.
