Environmental Sciences Europe,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
36(1)
Published: Feb. 18, 2024
Abstract
The
present
study
aimed
to
investigate
the
decolorization
of
various
commercial
dyes
by
azoreductases
(AzrBmH21,
AzrBmH22/3,
and
AzrBmH24/5)
through
bioinformatics
means,
comprising
molecular
docking,
dynamics
simulation,
mechanics
Poisson–Boltzmann
surface
area
(MM-PBSA).
Therefore,
four
dyes,
namely
acid
orange
7,
cresol
red,
methylene
blue,
malachite
green,
were
selected
as
potential
targets
for
degradation
above
said
derived
from
Bacillus
megaterium
H2.
prediction
ligand
binding
or
catalytic
sites
AzrBmH21,
AzrBmH24/5
performed
using
a
machine
learning
algorithm
based
on
Prank
Web
DeepSite
chemoinformatic
tool.
This
analysis
revealed
that
several
amino
acids
AzrBmH2
interacted
with
tested
indicating
presence
distinct
ligand-binding
AzrBmH2-dye
complexes.
Likewise,
affinity
ranged
−
9.4
5.5
kcal/mol,
9.2
5.4
9.0
respectively,
each
complex
stabilized
at
minimum
0–5
hydrogen
bonds.
MD
simulations
stable
complexes
RMSD
RMSF
values
ranging
0.15
0.42
nm
0.05
0.48
nm,
Rg
between
1.75
1.88
nm.
MM-PBSA
calculations
indicated
AzrBmH2–dye
complexes,
except
AzrBmH2–malachite
exhibited
lowest
energy
(−
191.05
±
7.08
314.19
6.88
kcal/mol),
prevalent
hydrophobic
interactions
268.25
12.25
418.92
29.45
kcal/mol)
van
der
Waals
forces.
this
was
able
highlight
role
enzymes,
specifically
H2,
in
predicting
dyes.
These
findings
could
contribute
our
understanding
azoreductases’
mechanisms
bioremediation
biotechnological
applications.
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
263, P. 115258 - 115258
Published: July 19, 2023
The
presence
of
high
salinity
levels
in
textile
wastewater
poses
a
significant
obstacle
to
the
process
decolorizing
azo
dyes.
present
study
involved
construction
yeast
consortium
HYC,
which
is
halotolerant
and
was
recently
isolated
from
wood-feeding
termites.
HYC
mainly
comprised
Sterigmatomyces
halophilus
SSA-1575
Meyerozyma
guilliermondii
SSA-1547.
developed
demonstrated
decolourization
efficiency
96.1%
when
exposed
concentration
50
mg/l
Reactive
Black
5
(RB5).
significantly
decolorized
RB5
up
concentrations
400
NaCl
g/l.
effects
physicochemical
factors
degradation
pathway
were
systematically
investigated.
optimal
pH,
salinity,
temperature,
initial
dye
7.0,
3%,
35
°C
mg/l,
respectively.
co-carbon
source
found
be
essential,
addition
glucose
resulted
93%
decolorization
RB5.
enzymatic
activity
various
oxido-reductases
assessed,
revealing
that
NADH-DCIP
reductase
exhibited
greater
comparison
other
enzymes.
UV-Visible
(UV-vis)
spectrophotometry,
Fourier-transform
infrared
spectroscopy
(FTIR),
high-performance
liquid
chromatography
(HPLC),
gas
chromatography-mass
spectrometry
(GC-MS)
utilized
identify
metabolites
generated
during
Subsequently,
metabolic
proposed.
confirmation
established
through
alterations
functional
groups
modifications
molecular
weight.
findings
indicate
this
exhibits
promising
potential
degrading
compounds.
results
offer
theoretical
basis
crucial
perspectives
for
implementation
consortia
bioremediation
hypersaline
wastewater.
This
approach
particularly
noteworthy
as
it
does
not
produce
aromatic
amines.
Modern
industrialization
has
high
demand
for
dyes
to
impart
better
color
cosmetic,
paper,
textile
and
pharmaceutical
industry.
Dyes
are
of
several
kinds
depending
on
the
base
their
chromophore
groups,
chemical
structures,
methods
application
substrate,
dissociation
properties
in
aqueous
solution.
The
wastewater
created
during
dyeing
process,
application,
operation
contains
residual
dyes,
mordants,
organic
inorganic
contaminants,
which
having
drastic
negative
effect
valuable
environment
its
living
creatures.
Various
technologies
needed
absolute
degradation
before
safely
discharge
effluents.
Among
them,
physiochemical
mostly
used
but
not
friendly
cost-effective
producing
secondary
hazards
that
required
further
treatment.
So,
there
is
a
growing
alternative
budget-friendly
biological
approaches
involve
use
microbes,
fungi,
algae,
plants.
These
techniques
such
as
biosorption,
biodegradation,
biomineralization.
This
chapter
discusses
different
types
using
microorganisms.
