Photosynthetic mechanisms underlying NaCl-induced salinity tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa)

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Abstract Background Salinity stress is an environmental constraint that normally develops concurrently under field conditions, resulting in drastic limitation of rice plant growth and grain productivity. The objective this study was to explore the alleviating effects NaCl pre-treatment on seedlings as well salt tolerance mechanisms by evaluating morph-physiological traits. Results Variety Huanghuazhan, either soaked distilled water or 25 mg/L Prohexadione calcium (Pro-Ca), were first hardened with varying concentrations solutions (0 50 mM NaCl), then subjected degrees 100 indicated S0, S1, S2 S3, respectively. Growth analysis suggested NaCl-pretreatment improved root/shoot ratio water-soaked at DAP 0. Data related reaction center density, photosynthetic electron transport efficiency, trapping efficiency compared before (CK) using performance Index (PIabs). Compared (Pro-Ca-S2) treatment, PIabs did not show any difference plants pre-treated (S3 Pro-Ca-S3). Rather than PIabs, significant found (Ψ Eo ). Ψ value Pro-S2 significantly lowered Pro-S3 treatment 7, decrease rate about 6.5%. Correlation leaf weak correlated biomass while quantum yield for reduction PSI end acceptors, trapped energy flux per PSII antenna size displayed strong positive correlation biomass. Additional revealed reduced linear low-light regardless whether had been not. Conclusions NaCl-induced robust machinery.

Language: Английский

---

Self-Defense Mechanism in Rice to Salinity: Proline

J — Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 103 - 115

Published: March 11, 2024

The increasing global population and climate change threaten food security, with the need for sustenance expected to rise by 85% 2050. Rice, a crucial staple over 50% of population, is major source calories in underdeveloped developing countries. However, end century, 30% rice fields will become saline due soil salinity caused earthquakes, tsunamis, rising sea levels. Plants have developed strategies deal salt stress, such as ion homeostasis, antioxidant defense mechanisms, morphological adaptations. Proline, an endogenous osmolyte, predominant osmolyte that accumulates response salinity, its overexpression plants has been observed increase plant tolerance. Exogenously applied proline shown improve tolerance reducing destructive effect salinity. Recent research focused on ionic toxicity, nitrogen fixation, gene expression related Exogenous water potential leaf content, restoring usage efficiency. It can also ease growth inhibition salt-sensitive plants. increases activities enhances This review examines role processes under stress relationship other mechanisms.

Language: Английский

---

Root Morpho‐Physiological Characteristics and Yield Formation of Rice Under Combined Salinity‐Drought Stress

Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 211(2)

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

ABSTRACT Because of inadequate freshwater resources and poor irrigation facilities, salinity drought often co‐occur for rice production in saline lands. The root is the primary most vulnerable organ detecting perceiving stresses soil. Still, little information available on morpho‐physiological characteristics grain yield when subjected to combined salinity‐drought stress. present study was conducted under two levels (NS, non‐salinity treatment; S, treatment) three imposed from jointing heading (ND, non‐drought MD, moderate SD, severe treatment). Salinity treatments shortened duration maturity by 5–9 days total growth 3–6 days. Grain reduced ( p < 0.01 or 0.05) drought, reduction more significant their aggravated loss attributed lower components relative alone. stress caused greater decreases shoot biomass root/shoot ratio at maturity, although there an increase harvest index. Individual especially stress, length volume increased rates after heading. Root‐bleeding rate oxidative activity were decreased stress; similar trends detected flag leaf photosynthetic zeatin (Z) riboside (ZR) contents root‐bleeding sap leaf. Our results suggested a penalty drought. salinity, deteriorated morphology physiology, which duration, accelerated plant senescence, weakened photosynthesis accumulation, led yield.

Language: Английский

---

Increasing sustainability for rice production systems

Journal of Cereal Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 103, P. 103400 - 103400

Published: Dec. 13, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Unraveling the contribution of OsSOS2 in conferring salinity and drought tolerance in a high‐yielding rice

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 174(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Abiotic stresses are emerging as a potential threat to sustainable agriculture worldwide. Soil salinity and drought will be the major limiting factors for rice productivity in years come. The Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway plays key role tolerance by maintaining cellular ion homeostasis, with SOS2, S/T kinase, being vital component. present study investigated of OsSOS2, SOS2 homolog from rice, improving tolerance. Transgenic plants either overexpression (OE) or knockdown (KD) OsSOS2 were raised one high-yielding cultivars rice-IR64. Using combined approach based on physiological, biochemical, anatomical, microscopic, molecular, agronomic assessment, evidence presented this advocates rice. OE found have favorable redox homeostasis when grown presence salinity, while KD showed reverse pattern. Several stress-responsive genes work an orchestrated manner contribute phenotype. Notably, stress at both seedling reproductive stages, addressing two most sensitive stages plant. Keeping mind importance developing crops multiple stresses, established biotechnological applications improve diverse

Language: Английский

---

A Review of Integrative Omic Approaches for Understanding Rice Salt Response Mechanisms

Plants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(11), P. 1430 - 1430

Published: May 27, 2022

Soil salinity is one of the most serious environmental challenges, posing a growing threat to agriculture across world. has significant impact on rice growth, development, and production. Hence, improving varieties’ resistance salt stress viable solution for meeting global food demand. Adaptation multifaceted process that involves interacting physiological traits, biochemical or metabolic pathways, molecular mechanisms. The integration multi-omics approaches contributes better understanding mechanisms as well improvement salt-resistant tolerant varieties. Firstly, we present thorough review current knowledge about effects behind tolerance signalling. This focuses use improve next-generation breeding tolerance, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics phenomics. Integrating data effectively critical gaining more comprehensive in-depth enzyme activity networks genes controlling in rice. key mining strategies within artificial intelligence analyse big complex sets will allow accurate prediction outcomes modernise traditional programmes also expedite precision such genetic engineering genome editing.

Language: Английский

---

Rice yield penalty and quality deterioration is associated with failure of nitrogen uptake from regreening to panicle initiation stage under salinity

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 21, 2023

In recent years, the development and utilization of saline land for rice cultivation have effectively expanded grain productivity. Rice is a salt-sensitive crop, increasing salinity problem threatens yield quality. Therefore, we conducted open field experiments to study effect on different growth stages rice. Irrigating treatment was at three stages: irrigating from regreening stage panicle initiation (S1), flowering (S2), maturity (S3). Each period lasted about 30 days. At same time, water (S4) added in 2022 explore performance salt stress during whole Based these irrigation periods, concentrations were incorporated, including 0‰ (T1), 3‰ (T2), 6‰ (T3) concentrations. No also used as control (CK). The results indicated that quality most sensitive S1 among periods. stage, mainly reduced nitrogen uptake, resulting stunted plant growth, reducing tillering, yield, components, deteriorating Compared control, IEN (grain over total amount N uptake plants maturity) more than S2 S3 under salinity. Furthermore, findings our suggest salinity, not only directly affected by higher sodium (Na+) content plants, but concentration Na+ ability nitrogen. Thus, attention should be paid management salinized areas. It necessary avoid damage this ensure with precious freshwater resources.

Language: Английский

---

The Efficiency of Humic Acid for Improving Salinity Tolerance in Salt Sensitive Rice (Oryza sativa): Growth Responses and Physiological Mechanisms

Gesunde Pflanzen, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 75(6), P. 2639 - 2653

Published: April 29, 2023

Abstract High-yielding rice cultivars exhibit a great performance in non-saline fields; however, their growth and productivity are greatly reduced salt-affected lands. Humic acid has promising stress-mitigating potential can be effective improving salt tolerance salinity sensitive cultivars. Herein, seeds of Giza 177 (high-yielding but salt-sensitive cultivar) were primed 40 mg/l humic acid, sown, maintained. Then physiological responses the acid-primed plants to increased levels (EC: 0.55, 3.40, 6.77, 8.00 mS/cm) evaluated at reproductive stage. Increasing induced progressive retardation plant height, leaf area, fresh dry weights. Such was associated with Na + buildup shoot root, high electrolyte leakage accumulation malondialdehyde, total soluble sugars, sucrose, glucose, proline, proteins, flavonoids, phenolics. In contrast, K , /Na ratio, carbohydrates, activity catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase. enhanced under saline conditions. The acid-induced improvement reduction toxicity, increasing regulating osmolytes concentration, enhancing activities antioxidant enzymes thus reduce oxidative stress. These results indicate that successfully salinity-induced damage, improved metabolism, maintained active irrigation.

Language: Английский

---

Reactive oxygen species- and nitric oxide-dependent regulation of ion and metal homeostasis in plants

Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 74(19), P. 5970 - 5988

Published: Sept. 5, 2023

Deterioration and impoverishment of soil, caused by environmental pollution climate change, result in reduced crop productivity. To adapt to hostile soils, plants have developed a complex network factors involved stress sensing, signal transduction, adaptive responses. The chemical properties reactive oxygen species (ROS) nitrogen (RNS) allow them participate integrating the perception external signals fine-tuning protein redox regulation triggering specific gene expression. Here, we update summarize progress understanding mechanistic basis ROS RNS production at subcellular level their role ion channels/transporters both transcriptional post-translational levels. We also carried out an silico analysis different redox-dependent modifications identified cysteine tyrosine targets nitric oxide metal transporters. Further, possible ROS- RNS-dependent sensors such as kinases phosphatases, well some ROS/RNS-regulated transcription that could be homeostasis. Understanding signaling events is crucial designing new strategies fortify crops improve plant tolerance nutritional imbalance toxicity.

Language: Английский

---

Tobacco Transcription Factor NtWRKY70b Facilitates Leaf Senescence via Inducing ROS Accumulation and Impairing Hydrogen Sulfide Biosynthesis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 3686 - 3686

Published: March 26, 2024

Leaf senescence is the terminal stage of leaf development, and its initiation progression are closely controlled by integration a myriad endogenous signals environmental stimuli. It has been documented that WRKY transcription factors (TFs) play essential roles in regulating senescence, yet molecular mechanism WRKY-mediated still lacks detailed elucidation crop plants. In this study, we cloned identified tobacco TF gene, designated NtWRKY70b, acting as positive regulator natural senescence. The expression profile analysis showed NtWRKY70b transcript levels were induced aging hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) downregulated upon sulfide (H2S) treatment. physiological biochemical assays revealed overexpression (OE) clearly promoted triggering increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) decreased H2S content, while disruption chimeric repressor silencing technology (SRDX) significantly delayed onset leading to accumulation ROS elevated concentration H2S. quantitative real-time PCR various senescence-associated genes biosynthesis-related (NtRbohD NtRbohE) upregulated OE lines, (NtDCD NtCYSC1) inhibited lines. Furthermore, Yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) dual luciferase could directly upregulate an gene (NtRbohD) chlorophyll degradation-related (NtPPH) binding their promoter sequences. Accordingly, these results indicated NtWYKY70b activated NtRbohD NtPPH repressed NtDCD NtCYCS1, thereby promoting impairing production, subsequently accelerating aging. These observations improve our knowledge regulatory mechanisms TFs controlling provide novel method for ensuring high agricultural productivity via genetic manipulation crops.

Language: Английский

---