Disparities by Social Determinants of Health: Links Between Long COVID and Cardiovascular Disease

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(6), P. 1123 - 1134

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Long COVID has been defined by World Health Organization as "continuation or development of new symptoms 3 months after the initial SARS-CoV-2 infection, with these lasting for at least 2 no other explanation". Cardiovascular disease is implicated a risk factor, concomitant condition and consequence COVID. As well heterogeneity in definition, presentation likely underlying pathophysiology COVID, disparities social determinants health, extensively studied described cardiovascular disease, have observed three ways. First, long-term conditions, such its factors, are associated incidence severity previously socioeconomic factors important exacerbating Second, management COVID-19 may themselves lead to distal Third, there way that diagnosed, managed prevented. Together, age, sex, deprivation ethnicity far-reaching implications this post-viral syndrome across spectrum. There similarities differences compared disease. Some fact, inequalities, i.e. rather than simply variations, they represent injustices costs individuals, communities economies. In review current literature, I consider opportunities prevent, least, attenuate special challenges research, clinical practice, public health policy which evolving.

Language: Английский

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National Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Mortality from Mechanical Complications of Cardiac Valves and Grafts (1999–2020)

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 562 - 562

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Background: The volume of cardiac valve and coronary artery revascularization procedures is rising in the United States. This cross-sectional study explores ethnic disparities mortality surgery attributed to mechanical failures implantable heart valves grafts. Methods: We used CDC Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research Multiple Causes Death database identify patients whose single cause death was categorized by complications cardiovascular prosthetic devices, implants, grafts (ICD-10 code T82) between 1999 2020. Joinpoint software (version 5.2.0, National Cancer Institute) construct log-linear regression models estimate average annual percent changes age-adjusted (per 100,000). These patterns were compared stratified sex, age (0-44, 44-64, 65 years or older), US census regions White, Black, Hispanic, non-Hispanic, American Indian, Alaskan Native, Asian American, Pacific Islanders. Results: Age-adjusted due implants declined across ethnicities from 2.21 (95% CI 2.16-2.27) 0.88 0.85-0.91) Black populations (1.31 [95% 1.20-1.42]), both men (1.56 1.37-1.74]) women (1.02 0.90-1.15]) experienced higher 2020 all other ethnicities. disparity pronounced younger groups (age 0-64), wherein among (0.18 0.13-0.25]) more than doubled that White (0.08 0.06-0.10]). Conclusions: Over last two decades, has significantly. However, women, particularly patients, continue experience rates

Language: Английский

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Ethnic Disparities in Cardiovascular Disease: A Comparative Analysis of Asian and Central Asian Populations

Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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Ethnic disparities in STEMI outcomes among older adults: a comparative study of bedouins and jews

International Journal for Equity in Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: March 10, 2025

Abstract Background ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) is a critical condition, especially in the older population, who are at increased risk due to comorbidities and delayed diagnosis. This study aimed investigate impact of ethnicity on clinical characteristics, treatment timelines, outcomes patients with STEMI southern Israel, comparing Jewish Bedouin populations. Methods We conducted retrospective cohort Soroka University Medical Center from 2016 2022, including (≥ 65 years) diagnosed STEMI. Patients were grouped by ethnicity: Jews Bedouins. Data demographics, comorbidities, collected. Statistical analysis included comparison multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders. Results 575 study, them 469 (81.6%) 106 Bedouins (18.4%). The mean age was 74.35 ± 7.33 years, no significant difference between (74.56 years 7.53) (73.40 5.99 p = 0.139). had higher rates diabetes (53.8% vs. 40.7%, 0.019) smoking (40.6% 27.9%, 0.015) less likely arrive ambulance (39.6% 62.5%, < 0.00). also experienced longer median times pain onset first medical contact (126.5 min 90.0 min, 0.006) total ischemic time (240.0 205.0 0.003). Despite these differences, there differences in-hospital mortality (13.2% 10.9% Jews, 0.606), 30-day (14.2% 11.5% 0.556), or one-year (21.7% 20.9% 0.959). Multivariable confirmed association outcomes. Conclusions prevalence among patients, ambulance, delays receiving care, their comparable patients. These findings highlight effectiveness acute care system Israel. However, further research needed explore other outcomes, such as quality life functional recovery, better address healthcare disparities this population.

Language: Английский

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Ethnic variations in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and associations with prevalent CVD and CVD mortality in the United States

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. e0319617 - e0319617

Published: March 26, 2025

Objective To explore the association between ethnicity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, including physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2D), lack of health insurance low family income in a nationally representative sample U.S. adults. Research design methods Adults from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2011-2020, n = 17,355) were classified as having CVD factors based on both self-reported metabolic data. Ethnic differences how these relate to prevalent mortality was examined Whites, Blacks, Asians Hispanics. Results Compared significant disparities noted several ethnic minorities, such lower PA, income, more factors. Blacks Hispanics commonly had higher compared Whites even after adjusting for Physical inactivity most strongly associated with among Blacks. There no inverse risk, but greatest elevated mortality. Hypertension T2D similarly related across groups, hypertension or at greater Whites. Conclusion Our study identified that socioeconomic may differently outcomes minority groups United States. Addressing warrants further investigation.

Language: Английский

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Diet and Physical Activity Interventions for People from Minority Ethnic Backgrounds in the UK: A Scoping Review Exploring Barriers, Enablers and Cultural Adaptations

Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 15, 2024

Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are a global pandemic, driven by obesity, poor diet physical inactivity. In the UK, prevalence of T2D CVD is higher in minority ethnic groups. Lifestyle prevention interventions can be effective but uptake amongst groups UK low extent cultural adaptations to increase engagement unknown. Aim To explore barriers, enablers culturally adapted lifestyle Methods Four electronic databases were searched from January 2013–2023. Two independent reviewers carried out manuscript selection data extraction. Barriers mapped Capability + Opportunity Motivation = Behaviour (COM-B) theoretical model. Intervention linked behaviour change strategies reported within Cultural Adaptation framework. Results Twenty-three studies included, reporting barriers/enablers, or both. mostly social opportunity, reflective motivation. Common adaptation considered behavioural influences related culture, values, religious beliefs and/or traditions. Most impactful associated with using credible sources information reorganising environmental contexts. Discussion conclusions The current umbrella approach preventative intervention delivery unlikely promote sustained participation minorities. Engagement for this population should consider key determinants such as contexts, norms. Important research gaps include investigating tailored Black populations, impact negative experiences (e.g., racism) on engagement.

Language: Английский

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COMPARATIVE EXAMINATION OF BIOCHEMICAL DEVIATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES WHO HAVE CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS OR NOT

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between blood glucose levels and lipid profiles in diabetic individuals with without cardiac disease. Study Design: A Cross-sectional Place duration of study: Department Diabetes & Endocrinology Cardiology HMC Hospital Peshawar from 11 Jan 2022 to July Methodology: For study, 90 people were split up into comparative groups. patients divided non-cardiac questionnaire was used gather demographic information, a physical examination document clinical data. Every patient had drawn for further profile glycemic tests. Data analysis done using SPSS version 28. Results: The average age problems (n = 45) substantially more significant than that (44.49 ± 10.22 years), at 52.36 09.77 years. two groups showed markedly reduced HDL-C higher total cholesterol, LDL-C, levels, suggesting robust biochemical indicators cardiovascular diabetes. Conclusion: study's findings show substantial correlation markers illness Hyperlipidemia is common those

Language: Английский

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Social Determinants of Health in Cardiovascular Disease: A Call to Action

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(6), P. 969 - 972

Published: April 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Cultural Blueprints for Heart Health: The Importance of Tailoring Cardiovascular Interventions

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Are the cardiovascular benefits and potential risks of physical activity and exercise dependent on race, ethnicity or sex?

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Physical activity (PA) is established as a cornerstone of cardiovascular health, however, disparities in participation exist across sociocultural groups, which turn impacts outcomes. Evidence suggests that while the positive effects exercise are consistent populations, notable differences magnitude these benefits for racial and ethnic minorities female sex. Females derive greater protection from PA compared to males, with reduced rates sudden cardiac death (SCD). This review examines complex interplay race/ethnicity sex on associated exercise, adaptations risks SCD "excessive" volume exercise. Understanding factors crucial developing targeted interventions promote health offset disparities.

Language: Английский

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