Health Disparities: The Emerging Trends and Pressing Challenges

European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 7 - 7

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Health disparities represent one of the most pressing challenges in modern healthcare systems worldwide (Shadmi et al [...].

Language: Английский

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Social Determinants of Health and Insurance Claim Denials for Preventive Care

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(9), P. e2433316 - e2433316

Published: Sept. 18, 2024

Importance The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) eliminated out-of-pocket cost-sharing for recommended preventive care most privately insured patients. However, patients seeking continue to face administrative hurdles, including claim denials, which may exacerbate inequitable access care. Objective To determine whether patient demographics social determinants of health are associated with denials insurance claims Design, Setting, Participants This cohort study through their employers or the ACA Marketplaces used remittance data from Symphony Health Solutions’ Integrated DataVerse 2017 2020; analysis was completed January July 2024. Exposure Seeking Main Outcomes Measures primary outcome frequency insurer services across 5 categories: specific benefit billing errors, coverage lapses, inadequate coverage, other. Subgroup performed household income, education, race ethnicity. Secondary outcomes included charges denied claims, approximating patients’ remaining financial responsibility Results A total 1 535 181 received 4 218 512 in 2 507 943 unique visits (mean [SD] age at visits, 54.02 [13.19] years; 804 637 female [71.96%]); 585 299 (23.30%) had an annual income $100 000 higher, 824 540 some college education (32.88%). 20 658 individuals (0.82%) were Asian, 139 950 (5.58%) Hispanic, 219 646 (8.76%) non-Hispanic Black, 372 223 (54.72%) White, 25 412 (1.0%1) other races ethnicities not groups. Of 1.34% (95% CI, 1.32%-1.36%) denied, consisting mainly (0.67%; 95% 0.66%-0.68%) errors (0.51%; 0.50%-0.52%). lowest-income 43.0% higher odds experiencing a denial than highest-income (odds ratio, 1.43; 1.37-1.50; P < .001). least educated enrollees rate 1.79% 1.76%-1.82%) compared 1.14% 1.12%-1.16%) degrees. Denial rates Asian (2.72%; 2.55%-2.90%), Hispanic (2.44%; 2.38%-2.50%), Black (2.04%; 1.99%-2.08%) significantly those White (1.13%; 1.12%-1.15%). Conclusions Relevance In this care, disproportionately more common among at-risk populations. burden potentially perpetuates high-value

Language: Английский

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Next-generation sequencing in oncology: challenges in economic evaluations

Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(10), P. 1115 - 1132

Published: Aug. 3, 2024

Introduction Next-generation sequencing (NGS) identifies genetic variants to inform personalized treatment plans. Insufficient evidence of cost-effectiveness impedes integration NGS into routine cancer care. The complexity challenges conventional economic evaluation. Clearly delineating informs future analyses better value and contextualize health, preference-, equity-based outcomes.

Language: Английский

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How do performance monitoring systems support sustainability in healthcare?

Society and Business Review, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Purpose “Sustainability” in a health-care context is defined by the sustainable development goals (SDGs) adopted United Nations 2015, and particular third SDG. Accordingly, this research summarizes seminal studies draw on it to identify waves of challenges affecting sector. This study aims contribute discourse sustainability organizations (HCOs) exploring role performance monitoring systems (PMS), such as balanced scorecard (BSC). Design/methodology/approach To explore issue further, authors illustrate transformation model HCOs, from inputs outcomes. The rely organizational analysis/behavior theories. They use qualitative case approach (the American University Beirut Medical Center Lebanon – AUBMC) delve into intricacies PMS implementation an HCO. Findings authors’ findings underline operationalizing within HCOs. By adopting PMS, HCOs can facilitate integration environmental, social economic factors decision-making processes. enhance their create long-term value. Research limitations/implications Despite important findings, paper not enough “generalize” “replicate” results. However, able highlight road map for HCO’s managers. Furthermore, does take account impact artificial intelligence design, analysis results produced PMS. Practical implications highlights importance strong leadership well-defined achieve sustainability. It that no longer just about reputation; across various aspects. Leaders need integrate organization’s mission, vision values. Thus, implementing like BSC crucial. On other hand, focus attract retain top talent who are increasingly concerned environmental responsibility. efforts should consider patient needs. And finally, drive innovation through developing new services, partnerships technologies reduce improve financial performance. Social how aligns with supports achieving UN-SDGs related health care (SDG 3: Ensure healthy lives promote well-being all at ages). conclude to: access quality (by providing more efficient operations resource allocation, potentially allowing treat patients − SDG 3.1, 3.8); encourage investments preventative programs public initiatives contributing healthier population reducing treatment burdens 3.3, 3.4); support responsibility energy consumption waste disposal lessen footprint planet 3.9); employee creating positive work environment better air stress-reducing practices, improving innovate (sustainability areas telemedicine, renewable sources powering environmentally friendly medical equipment 3.b). Originality/value contributes emerging field empirical evidence goals. offers practical insights seeking potential strategic management tool.

Language: Английский

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Prescribing Power and Equitable Access to Care: Evidence from Pharmacists in Ontario, Canada

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Social Determinants of Health and Their Impact on Survival and Disease Progression in Patients with Brain Tumors at Shahid Bahonar Teaching Hospital in 2019

Journal of Archives in Military Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: March 15, 2025

Background: Policymakers are increasingly prioritizing social justice in health, with the WHO's "Determinants of Health" framework advocating for equitable health distribution. Social factors such as income, education, and living conditions play a significant role outcomes, including cancer. Objectives: This study examines relationship between determinants survival rate brain tumor patients at Shahid Bahonar Hospital Kerman, Iran, 2019. Methods: cross-sectional included 363 patients, collecting data on demographics, treatment, factors. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, rates analyzed through Kaplan-Meier Cox regression models. Results: The mean age 45.6 years, 53.7% were male. Education, employment, family size, treatment type, place residence significantly influenced rates. Higher education associated longer survival, employed had better than unemployed individuals. Additionally, smaller size combination therapy linked to improved while urban residents compared those rural areas. Conclusions: highlights importance addressing socio-economic disparities improve patient outcomes. Ensuring access diagnosis all individuals is crucial reducing enhancing

Language: Английский

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The integration of nanotechnology, nanomedicine, and artificial intelligence for advancements in healthcare: a Conceptual Review Based on PRISMA Method and Future Research Directions

Next research., Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100330 - 100330

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Patterns, Advances, and Gaps in Using ChatGPT and Similar Technologies in Nursing Education: A PAGER Scoping Review

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 22, 2025

Background and aim: Generative AI (GenAI) can transform nursing education modernise content delivery. However, the rapid integration of these tools has raised concerns about academic integrity teaching quality. Previous reviews have either looked broadly at artificial intelligence or focused narrowly on single like ChatGPT. This scoping review uses a structured framework to identify patterns, advances, gaps, evidence, recommendations for implementing GenIA in education. Methods followed JBI methodology PRISMA-ScR guidelines. We searched PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, ERIC, grey literature (October November 2024). Six reviewers independently screened extracted data using Covidence software. Data synthesis used PAGER derive evidence practice, recommendations. Team meetings cross-validation ensured analytical rigour. Results Analysis 107 studies revealed implementation GenAI across key domains. Usage patterns emerged high-stakes assessment, clinical competency development, evidence-based creation. Implementation approaches varied through restrictive, integrative, hybrid models. Technical advances showed GPT-4 achieved 88.67% accuracy nursing-specific assessments compared 75.3% GPT-3.5, with enhanced capabilities scenario generation multilingual support. Key challenges included limited methodological rigour (29.0% empirical studies), lack frameworks, inequitable access. The is dominated by publications from North America (42.1%) Asia (29.9%). Conclusions transformative potential To realise its full ensure responsible use, research should focus developing standardised governance empirically validating outcomes, faculty literacy, improving technical infrastructure low-income contexts. Such efforts involve international collaboration, highlighting importance audience's role global healthcare community.

Language: Английский

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Building health systems capable of leveraging AI: applying Paul Farmer’s 5S framework for equitable global health

BMC Global and Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: May 1, 2025

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in healthcare is often positioned as a solution to the greatest challenges facing global health. Advocates propose that AI can bridge gaps care delivery and access, improving quality reducing inequity, including resource-constrained settings. A broad base critical scholarship has highlighted important issues with AI, algorithmic bias inequitable inaccurate model outputs. While such criticisms are valid, there exists much more fundamental challenge overlooked health policy debates: dangerous mismatch between AI's imagined benefits material realities systems globally. cannot be deployed effectively or ethically contexts lacking sufficient social infrastructure resources provide effective services. Continued investments within unprepared, under-resourced risk misallocating potentially causing harm than good. article concludes by providing concrete questions assess systemic capacity socio-technical readiness

Language: Английский

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Advances in Therapeutics for Chronic Lung Diseases: From Standard Therapies to Emerging Breakthroughs

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 3118 - 3118

Published: April 30, 2025

Background: The global health burden of chronic respiratory diseases, such as obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, idiopathic fibrosis (IPF), and acute distress syndrome (ARDS) affects billions people is associated with high levels healthcare expenditure. Conventional therapies (bronchodilators corticosteroids) provide symptomatic benefit but take no effect on progression, demonstrating the need to develop new therapies. Emerging treat underlying mechanisms these which relief disease. Methods: This review assesses evolution therapeutic interventions for lung diseases from a series established inhaled combination biologics, gene therapy, even AI-based stratification patients. In addressing issues, we action, evidence efficacy, clinical trial evidence, while discussing access issues affecting implementation ethical in relation their use. Results: highlights recent developments treatment approaches, aimed at cystic mutations, advanced drug delivery pathways more accurate targeting, stem cell-based designed replace damaged tissue. These have potential improve outcomes challenges, including lack access, adequate patient selection, long-term safety, be addressed. Conclusions: New offer tremendous potential, transition laboratory clinic still face numerous barriers regulation, personalized therapy approaches. indicates that future research should strategies reduce distribution, guidelines successfully implement

Language: Английский

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